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O Lunde

Publications and source records attributed to O Lunde.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Polycystic ovarian syndrome: a follow-up study on fertility and menstrual pattern in 149 patients 15-25 years after ovarian wedge resection.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate fertility and menstrual pattern in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) 15-25 years after ovarian wedge resection (OWR). METHODS AND RESULTS: The diagnosis was based on the combination of ovarian pathology and symptoms. The 149 patients, all primarily treated at a university teaching hospital, were studied three times by means of a questionnaire up to 25 years after surgery. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a cumulative rate of spontaneous pregnancies of 76%, increasing to 88% when induced pregnancies were included. The cumulated live birth rate was 78%. A bootstrap simulation indicated that 69.5% would develop post-operative adhesions, which could impede pregnancy in 13.4%. In the majority of the patients a regular menstrual pattern was restored up to 25 years after OWR. CONCLUSION: The results of OWR in PCOS are favourable to most modern treatments. Laparoscopic electrocautery of the ovaries is the only method equally successful, and, by being less invasive, it has made OWR history in the treatment of PCOS.

Female↗
PubMed1998

[Intracytoplasmic sperm injection].

The first results of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in Norway are presented. Acceptable fertilization rates were obtained for all indications; severe male infertility, as well as moderately reduced sperm quality where in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer had previously failed. Furthermore, in cases where IVF had failed despite normal sperm quality, fertilization rates of 50-60% were achieved. The overall pregnancy rate was 24.9% per embryo transfer, and the live pregnancy rate per started cycle was 13.4%. As expected, the results improved with experience. The results were greatly influenced by the age of the female. In the age group 34 years or less, the total pregnancy rate per cycle was 32.4%, with a miscarriage rate of 24.2%. In the age group 35 years or more, (42% of the study group), the total pregnancy rate per embryo transfer was 15.2%, with a miscarriage rate of 75%. The corresponding implantation rates were 17.4% and 7.9% respectively. 23 children have been born so far, none with major malformations or chromosome abnormality symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Obstetric outcome in singleton pregnancies after assisted reproduction.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the obstetric outcome of singleton pregnancies after various procedures of assisted reproduction with a control group. METHODS: Maternal and perinatal outcome in 355 assisted-reproduction singleton pregnancies (study group) with a duration of 140 days or more were compared retrospectively with a control group matched for age and parity. All assisted-reproduction pregnancies resulted from treatment in one university hospital, and all control subjects delivered in the obstetric department of the same hospital. The controls consisted of 643 women, also with singleton pregnancies, who were matched for age and parity. RESULTS: In the study group, the frequencies of pregnancy-induced hypertension and placenta previa were increased. More patients in the study group were delivered by elective cesarean. Pregnancies after assisted reproduction were of shorter duration, with an increased incidence of preterm birth. Infants in the study group had a lower mean birth weight than did those in the control group and were more frequently referred to a neonatal care unit. CONCLUSION: Singleton pregnancies resulting from assisted reproduction represent obstetric risk cases, and the patients should be offered special attention during the pregnancy, which will probably be their only one.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The polycystic ovarian syndrome. New physiopathological theories].

Although the polycystic ovarian syndrome was first described in 1935, controversies regarding the pathophysiological mechanism still persist. The pathogenesis seems multifactoral and the events leading to clinical manifestation of the disease can be triggered or can originate in different organ systems, such as the central nervous system or the ovary itself. The syndrome can originate from excess fat tissue and hyperinsulinemia, or may be a result of an increase in growth factors acting on the ovary. The current view is that the full expression of the polycystic ovarian syndrome is probably the result of several entities.

Female↗
PubMed1993

[Assisted fertilization--where are we now and where are we going?].

The authors review the development of assisted reproduction, and describe the present status. The efficacy of in vitro fertilization is compared with the results of tubal surgery. A comparison is also made of the efficacy of different assisted reproductive techniques. Future aspects of assisted reproduction are discussed, with particular emphasis on the need for better understanding of the implantation process. This may reduce the need for transfer of multiple embryos, thereby decreasing risk of multiple pregnancies.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Ovulation induction with low-dose follicle-stimulating hormone in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome.

Fifty infertile women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were treated for 66 cycles with low-dose FSH stimulation starting with 75 IU FSH for two weeks before eventual stepwise increases in the gonadotropin dose occurred. An unifollicular response was observed in 35 (53%) cycles and in 20 (30%) cycles there were two-three mature follicles. A multifollicular response (> 3 mature follicles) resulted in 11 (17%) cycles. One of the 66 cycles was complicated with the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Twelve (22%) pregnancies were obtained following 55 completed cycles. All ongoing pregnancies were singleton gestations. The obese PCOS women required a longer period of stimulation and a higher amount of gonadotropin to achieve follicular maturation. However, there was no difference in cycle cancellation or pregnancy rate between obese and non-obese PCOS women. Thus low-dose FSH administration seems a safe stimulation regimen with a satisfactory conception rate in PCOS women.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Prediction of response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation: a comparison of basal and clomiphene citrate-stimulated follicle-stimulating hormone levels.

OBJECTIVE: To test the ovarian reserve in a high-risk population before controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF). DESIGN: A prospective study comparing the outcome of a clomiphene citrate (CC) challenge test to the outcome of subsequent IVF cycles. SETTING: Unit for assisted reproductive technology in a university hospital. PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-one infertile women with an age of 35 years or more, who had previous ovarian surgery or who had been diagnosed with ovarian endometriosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Relate follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels before and after CC to frequency of cancellation of an IVF cycle because of a poor follicular response. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients had elevated basal levels of FSH. Thirty-seven patients, including 20 with high basal levels, showed an excessive FSH response to CC with an FSH level after CC above the 95% confidence limit. Clomiphene citrate-stimulated FSH levels correlated better than basal levels with response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. An excessive FSH response to CC predicted a poor response outcome of subsequent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF with 85% accuracy. CONCLUSION: Follicle-stimulating hormone response to CC predicts subsequent follicular response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Reduced ovarian function in infertile women. Experiences with the clomiphene test].

The authors briefly describe the current understanding of follicular maturation, the influence of FSH on follicular maturation and the regulation of FSH secretion. They discuss the complex mechanisms of the impacts of clomiphene citrate, and how clomiphene citrate can be used in a test of ovarian reserve based on the FSH response. The article reports of the clomiphene citrate challenge test in patients referred to in vitro fertilization.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Heterotopic pregnancy following in vitro fertilization.

We report 4 cases of heterotopic pregnancy following in vitro fertilization. All 4 patients were treated by surgical removal of the ectopic pregnancy products. In 3 patients, the intra-uterine fetus was alive prior to surgery. Two of the 3 gave birth to a healthy baby while the third pregnancy has progressed uneventfully for 12 weeks since the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Familial clustering in the polycystic ovarian syndrome.

To assess the degree of familial clustering and the mode of inheritance of the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCO), the prevalence of PCO-related symptoms among first- and second-degree relatives of 132 PCO patients and 71 controls was studied using questionnaire data. 19.7% of male first-degree relatives of PCO patients were reported to have early baldness or excessive hairiness, as opposed to 6.5% of relatives of controls. For female first-degree relatives, the percentages for PCO-related symptoms were 31.4 and 3.2, respectively, in the two groups. In a subgroup of 52 families of PCO patients where one of the parents was reported to have symptoms, 35% of brothers and 58% of sisters had symptoms. Although autosomal dominant inheritance could be excluded as an explanation for PCO in the whole data set, the findings were consistent with this mode of inheritance for a sizeable fraction of families. X-linked dominant inheritance of PCO could be discarded.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Ovarian morphology in patients with polycystic ovaries and in an age-matched reference material. A statistical evaluation of 149 cases.

The ovarian morphology in 149 patients with the clinical syndrome of polycystic ovaries (group I) is described. The ovaries from 10 age-matched women (group II) with no signs of ovarian disorder were investigated as a reference material. The number of cysts documented for group I was twice that of the reference group and the ovarian volume three times that of the normals. No significant difference in follicle number was seen between the two groups. The tunica albuginea was thicker in group I with more pronounced atretic changes. The duration of symptoms for group I correlated significantly with body mass index, thickening of tunica, degree of stromal hyperplasia and the calculated means of ovarian volume. A correlation was also seen between ovarian volume, degree of follicular atresia and stromal hyperplasia, as well as between the thickness of the tunica albuginea, number of follicles and degree of follicular atresia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A comparative study of Aldactone and Diane in the treatment of hirsutism.

A comparative study has been performed in order to evaluate the relative potency of Diane and Aldactone in reducing hair growth as well as the effect on blood hormone concentrations. Thirty-six women participated in the study and depending on the desire for contraception, 22 were treated with Diane and 14 with Aldactone. The results show that Aldactone (50 mg per day) had little effect on hormone concentrations, only LH was significantly reduced after 12 months of treatment. Despite the lack of effect on hormone levels, all 14 women reported reduced hair growth and after 5 months of treatment, 58% also reported a decrease in the formation in new hair growth. In contrast to the Aldactone treated group, the women on Diane medication demonstrated a marked decrease in circulating hormone levels with a subsequent effect on the hair parameters. The clinical effects were, however, not quite of the same degree as those seen with Aldactone treatment. Approximately 20% exhibited no response for any of the 3 hair-parameters (reduced hair growth, formation of new hair and a change to softer hair). The response time before any effect was observed was also longer than that seen with the Aldactone group. The data suggest that, at the dosages employed, Aldactone has a better clinical effect on the hair parameters despite a lack of effect on circulating hormone levels. One should, however, be aware that Diane contains only 2 mg cyproterone acetate (CPA) and a better effect would most probably have been obtained using a higher dosage of CPA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Infertility and chlamydial infection.

The prevalence of humoral IgG and IgM antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis was determined in 105 infertile women who underwent laparoscopy and/or laparatomy, and 90 pregnant women without any known fertility problems (control group). For chlamydial culture, cervical and urethral specimens were collected both from the infertile and the pregnant women, whereas specimens from the fallopian tubes were collected from the infertile women only. Among infertile subjects with abnormal fallopian tube findings, the prevalence of IgG as well as IgM antibodies to C. trachomatis was significantly higher than in the control group (P less than or equal to 0.001). Similar statistically significant differences in antichlamydial geometric mean titer (GMT) also were observed in sera from infertile subjects with fallopian tube abnormalities and the controls. The chlamydial isolation rate from lower genital samples was low both among the infertile and pregnant women. All tubal samples were culture negative. The present study indicates a close connection between infertility of tubal etiology and an immune response to C. trachomatis. The possibility of active or recent chlamydial activity in at least some of these infertile subjects is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Hirsutism caused by an androgen-producing ovarian tumor. A case of arrhenoblastoma.

A 34-year-old woman with excessive facial hirsutism and a 18-month history of amenorrhea was found to have an ovarian arrhenoblastoma of the intermediate type. The endocrine profile was determined before, during and after surgery. Determination of hormone levels indicated that, although both the delta 4 and delta 5 pathways were involved, the delta 4 pathway was probably predominant in androgen biosynthesis. Four weeks after removal of the tumor, the menstrual cycle was normalized and has subsequently remained regular. Six yr after operation, the patient had lost her hirsutism and neither radiological, palpatory nor endocrine signs of either recurrence or metastasis have been observed.

Adult↗