Biomedical subjects

O Magnus

Publications and source records attributed to O Magnus.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

In vivo fertilization procedures in infertile women with patent fallopian tubes: a comparison of gamete intrafallopian transfer, combined intrauterine and intraperitoneal insemination, and controlled ovarian hyperstimulation alone.

This prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the relative efficacy of three in vivo methods of assisted fertilization in 150 infertile women with patent fallopian tubes: gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), combined intrauterine and direct intraperitoneal insemination (IUI+DIPI), and controlled hyperstimulation (COHS) alone. The clinical pregnancy rate was highest in the IUI/DIPI and GIFT groups: IUI/DIPI, 29.3%; GIFT, 28.6%; and COHS, 8.9%. We believe that controlled ovarian hyperstimulation combined with IUI and DIPI is a good alternative to GIFT.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

The first attempt at IVF treatment. Results and requirements for a satisfactory success rate.

The purpose of this study was to report the success rate of the first IVF treatment in 161 patients who attended our department in 1988. The indications for IVF were tubal damage in 84 couples (52.1%), unexplained infertility and endometriosis (with patent tubes) in 61 couples (37.9%), and polycystic ovarian syndrome in 16 couples (10%). Clinical pregnancies were diagnosed in 40 patients, giving an overall clinical pregnancy rate of 35.4% per embryo transfer. In the group of patients with unexplained infertility or endometriosis one in three of the embryo transfer cycles will predictably result in a birth, one in four in the group of patients with tubal damage or polycystic ovarian syndrome. These results invite discussion of the possible reasons for the success of our IVF program.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Effects of seminal plasma from normal and asthenozoospermic men on the progressive motility of washed human sperm.

Human seminal plasma stimulated the progressive motility of human sperm in a dose- and time-related manner. Serum exhibited a similar capacity for stimulation. Seminal plasma from different normozoospermic men showed marked variation in its capacity to stimulate sperm motility. The stimulatory effect was maintained after heat-treatment, indicating the action of a low molecular weight substance or metal ion. No differences could be observed in the capacity for stimulation between seminal plasma from normozoospermic (n = 23) and asthenozoospermic (n = 22) men, when tested at the same dilution and under identical conditions. It is concluded that in general, differences in seminal plasma composition cannot account for the reduced sperm motility in asthenozoospermic men. Furthermore, the stimulatory effects of seminal plasma may be a property shared by other biological fluids.

Hot Temperature↗

PubMed1990

Ionized calcium in human male and female reproductive fluids: relationships to sperm motility.

The levels of ionized calcium in seminal plasma were approximately 20% of the serum levels. In contrast, cervical mucus contained a level of ionized calcium similar to both serum and follicular fluid. Titration of seminal plasma and serum with increasing concentrations of calcium chloride indicated a 10-fold higher calcium-binding capacity for seminal plasma. In a random group of men under semen investigation, concentrations of ionized calcium and citrate in semen were inversely correlated (r = 0.732; P less than 0.001), an observation which was confirmed by studies of split ejaculates. These findings supported the contention that citrate is the major regulator of the levels of ionized calcium in seminal plasma and primarily responsible for maintaining the calcium gradient between the seminal plasma and cervical mucus. No significant relationship could be demonstrated between the levels of ionized calcium in the ejaculates and any of the motility characteristics of the spermatozoa in the same sample. Furthermore, the addition of increasing quantities of calcium chloride (0.16-20.00 mM) to washed spermatozoa had no major effects on their progressive motility. These data suggest that human spermatozoa are effective in maintaining an appropriate level of internal ionized calcium, necessary for normal motility, despite fluctuations in external calcium.

Ascitic Fluid↗

PubMed1990

Effects of manganese and other divalent cations on progressive motility of human sperm.

Manganese (Mn2+) stimulated the progressive motility of human washed sperm in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This confirmed previous data indicating a capacity for activating the adenylyl cyclase of sperm homogenates in vitro. A maintained response was best seen with doses 0.2-1.0 mM. After an initial stimulation, higher concentrations of up to 20 mM were associated with a decline in the response to control levels. Magnesium ions (Mg2+) stimulated motility in the same dose range but to less than 50% of the Mn2+ response. Other divalent cations such as zinc (Zn2+), strontium (Sr2+), and Calcium (Ca2+) also exerted stimulatory effects to varying degrees in descending order. Metal ion effects on sperm motility may be mediated through a common cation-binding site on the adenylyl cyclase.

Cations, Divalent↗

PubMed1989

Gonadotropin and ovarian steroid production in polycystic ovarian syndrome during suppression with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.

Six women with polycystic ovarian syndrome were treated with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist prior to ovulation induction with gonadotropins. Buserelin nasal spray (600 micrograms/day) was given for 6 weeks. There was a gradual and significant decrease in the level of luteinizing hormone (LH) during the treatment period. No change was observed in the level of follicle-stimulating hormone. The estradiol, estrone, testosterone and androstenedione levels decreased significantly. No reduction was seen in the DHEAS level. After 4 weeks of treatment LH had reached postmenopausal levels, and testosterone and androstenedione were within the normal range. It is concluded that 4 weeks' treatment with 600 micrograms buserelin intranasally per day is sufficient to normalize the ovarian androgen production in polycystic ovarian syndrome prior to gonadotropin stimulation and to reduce the LH level avoiding premature luteinization or spontaneous LH surge.

Administration, Intranasal↗

PubMed1989

Gonadotropin therapy of female infertility.

Anovulatory infertility in 134 women was treated with gonadotropins for a total of 318 cycles. The patients were classified into WHO group I, hypothalamic-pituitary failure (72 patients), and WHO group II, hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction (62 patients). All patients in this group had failed to achieve pregnancy with clomiphene citrate therapy in repeated cycles. The pregnancy rate in group I was 72.2% vs 17.7% in group II. The 'take home' baby rate was 57.1% in group I vs 13.1% in group II. The rate of miscarriages was 14.3% without any significant difference between the groups. Multiple pregnancies occurred only in group I patients (19.2%). The conception rate was highest in the first four cycles, whereas no patient became pregnant after the sixth treatment cycle. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome occurred most frequently in group II patients, however, overall only 2.2% of the patients needed hospitalization because of hyperstimulation. Gonadotropin therapy must be considered an efficient and successful treatment of infertility in patients with hypothalamic-pituitary failure, whereas the success rate is rather poor in patients with hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗

PubMed1989

Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). The results of 93 consecutive treatments.

Eighty-two couples were treated with gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) in 93 treatment cycles. Twenty-three clinical pregnancies resulted. Pregnancies were obtained in 40% of the cases where 5 or more ova were placed in the Fallopian tubes. In the cases where 4 or fewer ova were transferred, the pregnancy rate was 12%. Three miscarriages and one ectopic pregnancy occurred. Sixteen of the pregnancies were singleton, there were 5 twins, 1 triplet and 1 quadruplet. According to the present material, GIFT seems to represent a significant improvement in selected groups of patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1988