Through Scott's tubes, intraventricular administration of amynoglucoside antibiotics was given to two groups of patients: a) ten children with purulent meningitis and ventricular ependymitis due to gram - negative germs without malformation of the central nervous system (CNS) and b) sixteen children with ventricular ependymitis and malformation of the CNS. The duration of treatment was three weeks and no deaths issued in the first group. In the second group, there were four therapeutic failures related with the existence of encephalodysplasia or intraventricular wailing. The results described are very encouraging and allow to foresee a marked drop in the lethality of ventricular ependymitis.

Cerebral Ventricles↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Mycotic aneurysm of the internal carotid artery after an orbital cellulitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Report of 2 cases].

Two cases are reported of severe type of S. aureus cellulitis which led to the production of mycotic aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. This situation has not been previously described in the literature. Analysis is made of the infectious pathogenesis of mycotic aneurysms.

Aneurysm, Infected↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Haemophilus influenzae sensitivity to ampicillin and chloramphenicol in children in Mexico City].

The sensitivity to chloramphenicol and ampicillin of 127 strains of H. influenzae was tested. One hundred and one strains were obtained from the pharyngeal exudate of 828 healthy carriers under 5 years of age and 26 from the spinal fluid of children with meningoencephalitis. Sixty per cent of isolations corresponded to type b; 40 per cent were non typical and we only identified one type e. All H. influenzae obtained from spinal fluid corresponded to type b. The frequency of healthy carriers was greater in intrafamily contacts of children with H. influenza meningoencephalitis (p less than 0.01). Percentages of resistance to ampicillin varied between 6 and 23% for the different groups; we found no statistical difference among them (p less than 0.2). The prevalence of H. influenza resistant to ampicillin in the population studied was 1.2% for type b strains and 0.2% for non typical bacteria. Fourteen per cent of penicillin resistant type b strains were identified; all 127 isolations were to chloramphenicol; therefore, we recommend this drug instead of ampicillin for the treatment of H. influenza infections, with the exception of acute otitis media.

Ampicillin↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Microbiology of chronic otitis media in children and comparison of 2 technics for obtaining otic secretions].

Samples of otic secretion for culture were taken to 50 children with suppurative chronic otitis media; two techniques were followed: with a cotton swab from the external meatus or with a sterile metal aspirator, through the tympanic perforation under microscopic control. To 20 of them with unilateral chronic otitis media, a swab with product from the external meatus of the healthy ear was also taken; in 65% of the latter, the same germs were found in both ears, but when the sample was taken with the aspirator, only in 15% were the germs the same (p less than 0.01). Two or more germs were isolated in 54% of the ears following the technique of the swab and in 32% with the aspiration. The predominant microorganisms with the swab technique were gram-positive cocci (S. epidermidis 48% S. aureus 16%); while the aspiration technique reported gram-negative germs in 96% of cultures (Proteus sp. 42%, Pseudomonas sp. 30% and S. aureus only in 14%). We believe that the sample obtained with a swab has a high degree of contamination with the normal flora of the external meatus; therefore, it should be relinquished.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of mannitol and dexamethasone in the management of acute cerebral edema of infectious origin].

The study included 22 patients with meningoencephalitis and hypertensive cranial syndrome from cerebral edema. Mannitol was given to 13 cases and dexamethasone to 9. There were three therapeutic failures in the group given mannitol and none in that of dexamethasone (p greater than 0.05). Both drugs showed similar effect in the duration of the hypertensive cranial syndrome (39-44 hrs). Patients treated with mannitol showed hyponatremia after 48 hours. No untoward effects appeared in patients given dexamethasone.

Acute Disease↗