Biomedical subjects

O Regius

Publications and source records attributed to O Regius.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1993

Physiological age-related changes: cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.

Physiological age-related changes were investigated by cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. The data of the study were derived from volunteers admitted to the Gerontology Center in Budapest. In the follow-up study 864 subjects took part, and in the cross-sectional study 2,281 individuals. The 20-year longitudinal study and the cross-sectional examination showed that from a clinical standpoint the most important observation is that several biochemical data do not change with age. No changes were found in the values in erythrocyte sedimentation, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum total protein, albumin, liver function, glucose, creatinine, triglyceride, and HDL-cholesterol levels. Changes were observed in the levels of HDL-cholesterol, immunoglobulins, rheumatoid factors, antinuclear factors, morphology of lymphocytes, serum TSH and T3 concentration, and systolic blood pressures.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Comparative study of the morphological changes in lymphocytes of elderly individuals and centenarians.

The number of white blood cells, the morphological changes of the peripheral lymphocytes and some immunological variables were examined in 118 centenarians and in 499 healthy subjects of 60-89 years of age. There was no change in the absolute number of leucocytes, lymphocytes, or T or B cells with age. The occurrence of a myelin-like structure in the mitochondria and the presence of lipofuscin in the cytoplasm of lymphocytes increased with age and showed a correlation with the absolute number of T cells. A correlation could be observed between the absolute number of B cells, serum IgG level and the presence of antinuclear factor.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Effect of cigarette smoke and 2-mercaptoethanol administration on age-related alterations and immunological parameters.

In old CBA/Ca mice the effect of cigarette smoke was compared with that of 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) treatment. It could be stated that spontaneous death was more frequent in animals kept in cigarette smoke than in the control animals. Prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma was higher in animals kept in cigarette smoke than in the controls. After 2-ME treatment the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly lower and animals without disorders were more frequent than in smokers. Body weights were lower in animals kept in cigarette smoke and differences in organ indices could be observed, too. Immunological changes were also demonstrated: in mice kept in cigarette smoke the reactivity against a foreign antigen such as sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) was lower, while after 2-ME treatment it was higher than in their controls using direct plaque formation technique. The ratio of normal reactivity (against SRBC) and autoreactivity (against mouse erythrocytes) showed a decrease in smoker animals, and an increase in the 2-ME-treated ones. The experiments showed a deleterious effect of cigarette smoke and a beneficial effect of 2-ME on age-related alterations.

Aging↗

PubMed1988

Effect of 2-mercaptoethanol on some metabolic indices of ageing of CBA/Ca inbred mice.

It has been shown in several studies that 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) improves the life span and aspects of life performance of laboratory animals. To obtain further details on the beneficial effects of 2-ME, a long-term study has been performed on male CBA/Ca inbred mice treated with this antioxidant. Four month-old mice were each given 4 micrograms of 2-ME in physiological saline via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection 3 x per week. Measurements were made of the following: cold tolerance (heat performance), apparent total body protein turnover (T1/2), changes in the major lipid and fatty acid compositions of the liver, superoxide dismutase activity and formation of malondialdehyde and observations on a range of pathological changes. It was found that the basal rectal temperatures of the treated mice were higher and in the oldest group, heat performance capacity was better than those of the controls. After about 1 year of age the apparent biological half-life time of total body protein (T1/2) was observed to be shorter in the treated mice. Significant increases were observed to occur in the proportions of the polyunsaturated fatty acids in the lipids of the liver in the mice injected with 2-ME. Although no differences were observed in the superoxide dismutase activities, malondialdehyde concentrations in the livers of the experimental mice were significantly increased. Autopsy data showed that Dunn-sarcomas associated with amyloidoses occurred more frequently in the untreated mice.

Aging↗

PubMed1987

Biological changes and diseases in aged CBA/Ca mice.

Cold adaptation, apparent protein metabolism, life span, body and organ weights, organ indices, mitochondrial changes in the lymphocytes, and frequency of diseases were examined in 661 (untreated) inbred CBA/Ca male mice. The rectal temperature proved to be lower in aged mice, i.e. the rectal temperature of old animals immediately after cold exposure was more distinctly decreased than that of young ones. The apparent protein metabolism measured by 75Se-selenomethionine turnover showed that biological half-life (T 1/2) values in the aged are almost linearly elevated. In very old animals the values are decreased. Body weight decreased significantly and continuously, spleen and liver indices decreased and heart index increased with age in healthy animals. The number of diseased animals increased with age peaking at the age of 751-900 days. After 900 days the number of diseased animals decreased. The most frequent diseases in the old animals are: hepatocellular carcinoma, amyloidosis and pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The mitochondria of spleen lymphocytes showed degenerative changes not associated with diseases, thus they can be considered as age-related biological changes.

Aging↗

PubMed1987

Comparative morphological study of age related mitochondrial changes of the lymphocytes and skeletal muscle cells.

The age dependent electron microscopic changes of the mitochondria in a mitotic cell (lymphocyte) were compared with those of a postmitotic cell (skeletal muscle cell) in humans and in CBA/Ca mice. Two types of age related changes could be observed in the mitochondria of lymphocytes and skeletal muscle cells: (i) degenerative changes; (ii) giant mitochondria. The frequency of the mitochondrial changes increased with age and were more frequent in the skeletal muscle cells than in the lymphocytes.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Changes in the intestinal microvillous surface area during reproduction and ageing in the female rat.

A morphometric study has been undertaken of the changes that occur in the microvillous surface area of young, pregnant, lactating, old and senescent rats. It has been shown that the microvilli are organelles with a quite stable conformation and that they exhibit no large scale dimensional changes throughout almost the entire life span. Lactation, however, does induce an apparent increase in microvillous surface area which may be associated with the significant changes which occur to the structure of the villus during reproduction in the rat.

Aging↗

PubMed1984

Longitudinal study of lymphocytes.

Longitudinal investigations of the peripheral lymphocytes of 91 healthy individuals were made over a period of six years. It was found that in aged subjects degenerative changes occurred in the mitochondria of the T cells. The number of subjects with damaged mitochondria in the lymphocytes increased significantly between 60 and 80 years of age. Six years after the first investigation, the number of individuals with damaged mitochondria also increased, with a peak between 70 and 79 years.

Aged↗

PubMed1983

Lipofuscin in lymphocytes and plasma cells in aging.

The age-related changes in spleen and lymph node lymphocytes and plasma cells of Wistar rats and in the peripheral lymphocytes of healthy human individuals were examined. Similar changes were described in human and rat lymphocytes and plasma cells consisting of mitochondrial lesions. The cristae of the mitochondria disappeared and were replaced by myelin-like structure, lamellar structure, electron-dense and electron-translucent material. It is supposed that this material corresponds to lipofuscin.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Long-term observations on the effect of polyadenylic acid in mice of different ages.

In order to better life performance, polyadenylic acid (poly (A) ) was given intraperitoneally to CBA/Ca mice for almost a two-year period. This substance, as one of the components of double-stranded polynucleotides (like poly A:U), is known to improve some immune responses of the aging organism. Five approaches (changes in body-weight, adaptation to cold stress, biological half-life of body proteins, mortality and pathology) were applied to test the effects of this substance on life performance. It was found that the beneficial effects of double-stranded polynucleotides cannot be mimicked by polyadenylic acid only, despite its anti-senescence effect, namely, it accelerates the apparent protein turnover, cf., biological half-life. Polyadenylic acid shortens life-expectancy (because of the higher mortality rate of mice). Possible mechanisms of these actions are discussed.

Aging↗

PubMed1983

Relationship of mitochondrial damage in human lymphocytes and age.

Authors examined the peripheral lymphocytes of 366 healthy individuals electron microscopically. They described age related degenerative changes in the mitochondria. The lamellar structure, electron-dense and electron-opaque material shown in the mitochondria of the lymphocyte proved to be similar to lipofuscin. The relationship of mitochondrial damage in lymphocytes and age was analysed, too. They stated that the number of patients with mitochondrial changes in the lymphocytes increased from 50 years of age until 80 years, but after 80 years decreased.

Adult↗

PubMed1981

[Age-related changes in the lymphocytes as a model of aging].

Lymphocytes of spleen and lymph nodes of Wistar rats and CBA/Ca mice, as well as human peripheric lymphocytes have shown similar age related alterations. These alterations appeared in form of the loss of the mitochondrial christae which were replaced by myelin-like figures or filamentous structure. In some cases lymphocytes contained electron lucid material and giant mitochondria. These mitochondrial changes were seen in human T-lymphocytes. Authors believe that lymphocytes represent a suitable model for the study of the process of aging and also for testing factors influencing it.

Aging↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Age-related morphological changes in lymphocytes as a model of aging.

The same age-related morphological changes have been observed in the lymph node and spleen lymphocytes of old untreated Wistar rats and CBA/Ca mice. The same age-related changes were also observed in the peripheral lymphocytes of healthy humans. The most important changes were seen in the mitochondria of the lymphoid cells. They were sometimes swollen; the mitochondrial cristae disappeared and were replaced by myelin-like forms or filamentous structures. The mitochondrial changes developed only in non-labelled lymphoid cells, presumably the T cells. It is suggested that lymphocytes be used as a morphological model for the study of aging and its modification.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of smoking on peripheral blood lymphocytes and on some immunological parameters in old age.

To investigate the influence of smoking on the aging immune system, the following parameters were determined in elderly smokers and non-smokers: presence of emphysema; absolute number of leucocytes, lymphocytes, T cells and B cells bearing membrane-bound IgG; serum IgG, IgA, IgM levels, occurrence of rheumatoid and antinuclear factors, and natural antibody level (against different bacteria). Ultrastructural disorders in lymphocytes were also investigated. The number of leucocytes, the levels of serum IgA, and the prevalence of autoantibodies were higher, and the natural antibody level was lower in smokers than in non-smokers. Giant mitochondria and cytoplasmic disorders were found more frequently in smokers than in non-smokers, and in an even higher rate in smokers with emphysema. These findings suggest that smoking may accelerate the appearance of age-dependent (especially disease-related) immunological changes.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of family background on body weight and on the number and morphological changes of lymphocytes in old age.

The authors examined elderly people (214 males and 304 females) 60 years of age and over, without overt diseases. They studied the relationship between family background and body mass index as well as quantitative changes in circulating lymphocytes as a function of the above parameters. The average age of the examined men was 74 years, 86% of them lived with their families; the average age of the women was 72 years and 51% of them lived with their families. A mathematical analysis of the body weight measurements showed that the drawn sample readily follows a normal distribution. It was also shown with respect to the examined persons that body weight, body height, and body mass index decrease with age and differ with sex. In overweight persons degenerative changes in the mitochondria of the peripheral lymphocytes were more frequent than in persons of normal weight.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Age-related changes in the skeletal muscle cells.

Skeletal muscle cells of young and old humans and CBA/Ca mice were examined electronmicroscopically. The mitochondria in old subjects and mice showed age-related changes. The cristae of mitochondria became irregularly spaced, disrupted and replaced by lamellar, myelin-like structures. Giant mitochondria were often visible. They contain lipofuscin in the myofibrils, too, which was often in close relationship with the damaged mitochondria. Comparing these mitochondrial changes with those demonstrated in the lymphocytes in authors' earlier reports, it can be stated that mitochondrial changes occur more frequently in the skeletal muscle cells than in the lymphocytes.

Abdominal Muscles↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Alterations in the intestinal microvillous surface area during the whole life span of the female rat ileum.

The present EM morphometric analysis is a continuation of a series of studies in which the changes of the microvillous surface area of the small intestine was investigated in the course of the entire life span of the female rat. It was concluded from the present data that the alterations of the ileal microvillous surface area are more balanced in the young, pregnant, lactating, adult, old and senile animals than that was observed in the case of the duodenum and jejunum. Positive correlations were found between the parameters height and surface area and, density and surface area measures of the microvilli. Microvillous width and density revealed an inverse relationship mainly in the case of the young and adult animals.

Aging↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Morphometric changes in the duodenal microvillous surface area of the non-pregnant, pregnant and lactating female rat.

In the present study an attempt has been made to describe the morphometrical changes occurring in the microvilli of the duodenum of rats of different ages and periods of reproduction. The data showed that the microvillous surface area in the duodenum was greatest in senescent rats and lowest in adult and old animals. The values for lactating rats were similar to that for the senescent group. There was a direct correlation between the microvillous surface area with the height and density. By contrast, however, there was a negative correlation between the width and density of the duodenal microvilli.

Aging↗