Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to O Ruiz Moreno.
UNLABELLED: PURPOSE/MATERIAL AND METHOD: Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive is indicated when a small corneal perforation is present. We report the case of a 23 year-old man who was attacked being thrown cyanoacrylate to both of his eyes. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: Wound healing has been laborious, however performed with low morbidity. This case is reported for being a bilateral injury and after finding no precedented cases in the literature.
CASE REPORT: A case of an immunocompetent patient presenting primary systemic toxoplasma infection involving the eye (condition seen in less than 3% of primary infections). The patient showed reactivation of this primary focus two years later. DISCUSSION: Diagnosis of toxoplasm retinitis is based on a typical lesion consisting in an area of active retinitis adjacent to an inactive corioretinal scar. Differential diagnosis must consider other causes of retinal coroiditis in primary infection cases: sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, syphilis as well as viral and fungal infections. Ocular toxoplasmosis was confirmed by serum tests.
Diffuse interface keratitis is a new clinical entity. It is becoming significantly more common due to the increasing of laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedures. The knowledge we have about this uncommon but potentially sight-threatening complication is expanding. It appears in the early postoperatory LASIK, even in well-executed procedures. In this review we present an updated strategy for the diagnose and treatment of this syndrome, based on our own experience and an updated literature review. Early identification, evaluation, staging, and appropriate intervention, may help preventing visual loss associated with this entity.
PURPOSE: To study the different clinical presentation of the idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis and its treatment with argon laser. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied retrospectively nine eyes of eight patients, seen from 1990 to 1997, with diagnosis of idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis. They have been studied with fluorescein angiography and treated with argon laser. RESULT: The most frequent clinical presentation was large areas of retinal telangiectasis affecting the horizontal rafe temporal to the macula. The diagnosis was stabilised as regards clinical manifestation and after ruling out other causes. Six out of eight patient with visual disfunction for macular edema and exudation improved considerably after laser photocoagulation. In 3 patients the vascular abnormalities were progressive after the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis with exudation is an uncommon disease, that causes visual disturbance, but may be treated with laser photocoagulation.
PURPOSE: We studied if tobramycin associated to sodium diclofenac modifies the drug effect of the latter on arachidonic acid metabolism in an endotoxin induced uveitis (EIU) model in albino rabbits. METHODS: Experimental uveitis was induced by intravitreal injection of a 10 ng lipopolysaccharide A Salmonella typhimurium endotoxin dissolved in 5 microl saline solution in the right eye of experimental animals. We have used 48 animals (4 groups of 12 animals each). The control group (G-I) was injected with saline solution (5 microl); the endotoxin group (G-II) was injected with 5 microl of ET; group III and IV were injected with the same amount of ET and treated with topical sodium diclofenac (1%) (Group III) and tobramycin and sodium diclofenac (0.3%) (Group IV) two hours before the administration of endotoxin and then every two hours until 24 hours, when we determined E2 prostaglandin and B4 leukotriene concentration in aqueous humor obtained by paracentesis of the anterior chamber. RESULTS: We observed how the E2 prostaglandin concentration was reduced in the two treatment groups compared with the endotoxin group (p<0.01). However, there were no differences between groups III and IV (p>0.01). There was a mild increase of B4 leukotriene in both treatment groups, which was not significant in relationship to the endotoxin group (p>0.01). No differences were found between the two treatment groups (p>0.01). CONCLUSION: Using the association of tobramycin does not affect the action of sodium diclofenac in arachidonic acid metabolism in endotoxin induced uveitis.
PURPOSE: To determine the different angiographic patterns of neovascular membranes with indocyanine green in age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) and to establish the phase in which neovascularizations can be visualized most frequently. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied 56 eyes from 55 patients with a diagnosis of ARMD between April 98 and April 99. All patients underwent indocyanine green (ICG) and fluorescein digital videoangiography. We evaluated the pattern and the moment of identification of the neovascular membrane with both procedures. RESULTS: We found that 13 out of 56 eyes (23.2%) presented well-defined subretinal neovascularization in fluorescein videoangiography while 43 (76.8%) showed an occult pattern. ICG videoangiography was able to identify choroidal neovascularization in 89.3% of cases. The following patterns were found: Type I: visible neovascularization (17.9%), Type II: well-defined membranes with hypofluorescent margin (33.9%), Type III: high fluorescent focal membranes (hot-spots) (8.9%), Type IV: hyperfluorescent plaques that appeared only in late phases (10.7%), Type V: mixed types (17.9%). A high percentage of choroidal neovascularization was observed in early or medium phases of the angiogram (85.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Choroidal neovascularization in ARMD can appear with different patterns in the ICG videoangiographic study. The most frequently found pattern was that of well-defined membranes with a hypofluorescent margin. A high percentage of cases can be already visualized in the early phases of the angiogram.
PURPOSE: To determine the distribution of sensitivity thresholds of short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) in the central visual field, analysing their variability depending on the eccentricity, in normal subjects. METHODS: 128 eyes of 128 normal subjects were analyzed. They underwent a SWAP examination. A lineal regression model was used to establish a < > (SVF). The SVF determines the threshold distribution and its variability. RESULTS: The regression analysis obtained a SVF, age-corrected, which considers the influence of age in the different points of the visual field. The threshold distribution showed higher inter-subject deviations as eccentricity increased (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The determination of variability of the threshold sensitivity deviations in the different points of the central visual field allows future development of perimetric algorythms for SWAP.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficiency and predictability of a multifactorial probability model to assess the risk of developing glaucomatous visual field defects and to determine the correlation between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) photographs and short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) in a population of patients suspected of having glaucoma. METHODS: One hundred and sixty eyes belonging to 83 patients with ocular hypertension [ocular pressure figures over 21 mmHg and normal conventional automated perimetry (AP) (white-white)] were included in the study. The risk of developing glaucomatous defects was assessed by a multifactorial model that includes intraocular pressure. vertical cup-to-disk ratio, age and family background. RNFL photographs and SWAP tests were also performed. RESULTS: SWAPs were pathological in 57 cases (35.6% of the sample); 23% of the perimetries were abnormal in the low-risk group while the moderate and high risk groups showed abnormal perimetries 38% and 56% respectively. The RNFL defects at the different risk levels were consistent with the SWAP results. The multiple regression analysis of the four variables included in the model showed the relationship among the risk factors, evaluated globally, and the presence of glaucomatous damage evaluated by RNFL and SWAP (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The usefulness of this probability model as predictive indicator of subsequent glaucomatous damage is based on the good correlation between the risk scale and the RNFL and SWAP assessments. These techniques evaluate structural (RNFL) and functional (SWAP) changes in early stages of the glaucomatous disease.
Modifications in endothelial cells density and variations in endothelial pleomorphism during experimental uveitis were studied in 20 albino rabbits after intravitreal injection of 2,000 ng Salmonella typhi endotoxin into 10 of them. The other 10 rabbits were injected with sterile saline serum. Morphologic changes in endothelial cells were also determined, using a method of endothelial vital staining. For the first time, a significant reduction in endothelial density and a significant increase in endothelial pleomorphism during endotoxin-induced uveitis is reported. The control group eyes showed an endothelial density of 3,959 cells/mm2, while the uveitis eyes showed 3,667 cells/mm2 (p < 0.05, Student's t test). A reduction in the percentage of hexagonal endothelial cells was found, from 70.4% in the control group to 64.4% in the eyes with anterior uveitis (p < 0.001, Student's t test). An increase in the percentage of pentagonal endothelial cells was also found, from 14.5% in the control group to 20.1% in the uveitis eyes (p < 0.001, Student's t test). These modifications are correlated with the morphologic appearance of the stained corneal surface, and functional implications are discussed.