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Biomedical subjects

O Sortland

Publications and source records attributed to O Sortland.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Percutaneous lumbar discectomy. Technique and clinical result.

Lumbar disc herniation was treated by percutaneous discectomy using a new instrument for automatic aspiration and cutting of disc material. The inclusion criteria were limited to patients with pure disc herniation without stenosis or any other additional factors. Only contained hernias with a maximum size of 50% of the thecal sac were included. Three procedures out of 45 were technical failures. At 1-year follow-up 69% of the patients were satisfied. No complications were seen. The result was not influenced by the amount of disc material removed, age, duration of symptoms or the size of the disc hernia. Reduced size of disc hernia was found in 13 out of 14 satisfied patients followed by CT. All unsatisfied were conventionally operated on. The percutaneous treated patients had 1 day of hospitalisation and on average 11 weeks of sick-leave compared to an average of 6 days and 16 weeks following conventional discectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Meningitis after myelography].

Lumbar myelography is still frequently used in cases of suspected lumbar radiculopathy. Since 1984, iohexol has been the contrast medium of choice in myelography, and so far only a few cases of chemical meningitis have been reported. Bacterial meningitis cannot be distinguished from chemical meningitis on the basis of clinical findings. A cerebrospinal fluid Gram stain and culture are the only truly reliable tests in deciding the etiology of the meningitis. We describe two patients who developed meningitis following myelography with iohexol. In one of the patients, the cerebrospinal fluid culture was positive with subsequent identification of Flavobacterium meningosepticum, a species not previously reported as an infectious agent in meningitis after myelography.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Head injuries with delayed intracranial hemorrhage].

Nine cases of delayed intracranial haematomas were found among 300 patients with head injuries during a two-year period. Six of the nine patients developed delayed traumatic intracerebral haematoma, two epidural haematoma and one subdural haematoma. Delayed intracerebral haematoma was diagnosed from 12 hours to six days after the trauma. The primary CT showed brain contusion in the majority of the patients. The outcome was poor. One patient died and two were severely disabled. The clinical course was more rapid in the two patients with epidural haematoma than in the others. Marked elevation of intracranial pressure was monitored in both cases prior to the second CT examination. In spite of successful evacuation of the haematoma, one patient died and the other developed physical and mental retardation. In one patient a subdural haematoma was diagnosed three months after the trauma. The patient did well postoperatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Head and neck injuries among Norwegian soccer players. A neurological, electroencephalographic, radiologic and neuropsychological evaluation].

69 active football (soccer) players and 37 former members of the Norwegian national team were included in a neurological and electroencephalographic (EEG) study to investigate the incidence of head injuries, mainly caused by heading the ball. 3% of the active players and 30% of the former players complained of permanent problems such as headache, dizziness, irritability, impaired memory and pain in the neck. 35% of the active players and 32% of former players had from slightly abnormal to abnormal EEG, as against 13 and 11% of respective matched controls. There were fewer definitely abnormal EEG changes among typical headers (10%) than among "non-headers" (27%). The former players were also subjected to cerebral computed tomography (CT), a neuropsychological examination and a radiological examination of the cervical spine. One third of the players were found to have central cerebral atrophy and 81% to have from mild to severe (mostly mild to moderate) neuropsychological impairment. The radiological examination of the cervical spine revealed a significantly higher incidence and degree of degenerative changes than in a matched control group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Iopentol in urography. A clinical comparison between iopentol and metrizoate including delayed reactions.

A double-blind comparative study of the nonionic contrast medium iopentol and the ionic contrast medium metrizoate for urography was carried out in 200 adult outpatients. Significantly less discomfort and other side effects were observed following iopentol than following metrizoate. No serious adverse reactions and no clinically significant alterations in heart rate or blood pressure were observed. A questionnaire was used to record delayed symptoms, from 30 min after contrast medium injection and for one week. The response rate was 92% and delayed adverse events were reported by 45%. The incidence of delayed reactions was significantly lower following iopentol than following metrizoate, i.e., delayed arm pain, fatigue, headache, diarrhea, nasal congestion, and rash. Delayed arm pain was probably due to contrast medium induced thrombosis in 1% following iopentol and in 8% following metrizoate. Most other symptoms were probably related to a combination of nocebo effect and coincidentally occurring symptoms. The urograms with both media were of similar high quality. Iopentol was found a suitable contrast medium for urography.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Cerebral hemorrhage associated with phenylpropanolamine].

In recent years, sympathomimetic drugs, including ephedrine, amphetamine and phenylpropanolamine, have been increasingly associated with cerebral haemorrhage and infarction. We report a case of intracranial bleeding in a 37 year-old woman with mononucleosis who took therapeutic doses of phenylpropanolamine. Cerebral CT on admission showed a left-sided intracerebral hematoma. Angiography was normal. Late bleeding occurred on the fourth day. She survived but developed a right-sided cerebral infarction with persistent epilepsy. Her mononucleosis was of moderate severity without bleeding diastesis. We conclude that the intracranial bleedings were secondary to taking phenylpropanolamine.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Ultrasonic diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis. A comparison with venography].

In a prospective study ultrasonography (US) was compared with venography for diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis of the leg. Using venography, thrombosis was demonstrated in 25 patients. Based on two criteria, non-compressible vein and intraluminal echoes, US showed thrombosis in 23 patients, i.e. the sensitivity was 92%. Isolated calf vein thrombosis was demonstrated in 2 out of 4 patients. In 18% of the patients with negative venography other pathological conditions were demonstrated by US, (i.e. Baker's cysts, calf vein hematomas and superficial calf vein thrombosis) which could explain the clinical condition. Venography is a somewhat costly procedure. The cost of films and non-ionic contrast medium is approximately NOK 400, while the cost of film for US examination is about NOK 10.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Brain damage in former association football players. An evaluation by cerebral computed tomography.

Thirty-three former football players from the National Football Team of Norway were examined by cerebral computer tomography (CT). The CT studies, evaluated for brain atrophy, visually and by linear measurements compared two different normal materials. One third of the players were found to have central cerebral atrophy. It is concluded that the atrophy probably was caused by repeated small head injuries during the football play, mainly in connection with heading the ball.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The correlation of myelographic root sleeve deformity, uncovertebral spondylosis and radiculopathy.

Myelographic root sleeve deformities, uncovertebral spondylosis and myelopathy were correlated in 56 patients. Good correlation between root sleeve deformities and uncovertebral spondylosis was found. However, in some cases with spinal canal stenosis root sleeve deformities were found without corresponding bone changes. The correlation of radiculopathy to root sleeve deformity and uncovertebral spondylosis was 61 and 67%, respectively. Radiologic changes at an adjacent root level were often seen in patients without clinically correlated radiculopathy. The myelographic changes were verified at operation in all the 46 patients operated upon.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of iohexol with metrizamide in myelography.

Myelography of the lumbar and lower thoracic spine was performed in 46 patients (23 using metrizamide and 23 using iohexol) as a parallel double blind randomized study. Neurological examinations, laboratory testing, and EEG studies were performed before and after myelography, and side effects were recorded. On comparison, adverse reactions were observed in a statistically significant lower number of patients when iohexol was used. The frequency and duration of each single adverse reaction was also lower following use of iohexol, but this was not statistically significant. Three patients had severe reactions following use of metrizamide, and in one patient sharp waves were recorded on EEG. No severe reactions, no mental reactions, and no muscular symptoms were seen following use of iohexol, and we considered this contrast medium better tolerated in the subarachnoid space than metrizamide.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Iohexol compared to meglumine-Ca-metrizoate in common carotid angiography. A randomized double blind cross-over study in man.

A randomized double blind cross-over study with iohexol (Omnipaque) and meglumine-Ca-metrizoate (Isopaque cerebral) was performed to answer questions concerning subjective side effects and tolerability that arose from a double blind parallel study with the same two media. The cross-over study design, with injection of the contrast media under identical conditions in the same artery, seems to be the most practical method of comparison of two well tolerated media. Iohexol showed significantly less side effects than meglumine-Ca-metrizoate. The routine premedication with atropine was neglected in this study to evaluate effects on heart rate due, for example, to the toxicity of the media. Small tachycardial and bradycardial reactions were equally divided between the media. However, a short asystolic period following the injection of meglumine-Ca-metrizoate in two different patients may indicate a higher toxicity of this medium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Fluoroscopy in measurement of femoral neck anteversion.

Fluoroscopy for determination of femoral neck anteversion was evaluated in 24 patients (48 hips) aged 5 to 15 years. The measurements of the anteversion angle of the femoral neck obtained by the fluoroscopic method were compared with those determined by the biplanar method of Dunlap/Rippstein. It is concluded that fluoroscopy incorporates errors to such a degree that the method is not reliable for clinical work.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Functional lumbar myelography with iohexol.

The results of 25 functional lumbar myelographies with iohexol are reported. The image quality was good or excellent in all. The side effects were mostly mild and showed the same frequency as reported in lumbar and thoracic myelographies with metrizamide. A slight increase in the frequency of side effects was found in 13 patients with spinal repuncture 6 or 24 hours after the myelography. Vacuolized monocytes in ultracentrifuged CSF following repuncture was found in 5 patients. No EEG changes or serious complications were found. Iohexol is considered safe in intrathecal use.

Adult↗