Adhesive arachnoiditis in patients with spinal block.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
O Sortland
Publications and source records attributed to O Sortland.
Cerebral angiography with the non-ionic water-soluble contrast medium iohexol and meglumine-Ca-metrizoate. A randomized double blind parallel study in man.
A double blind study was carried out to evaluate safety, tolerability and visualization quality of the non-ionic contrast medium Iohexol compared to Meglumine-Ca-Metrizoate (Isopaque Cerebral) for cerebral angiography. The two contrast media were found equal in most respects. A slight increase in systolic blood pressure following Meglumine-Ca-Metrizoate injections and a slight decrease in diastolic blood pressure following Iohexol were statistically significant. Tachycardia following injections of Meglumine-Ca-Metrizoate in the aortic arch was also significant and may indicate more discomfort from this medium, although no difference was found in patient interviews. The changes in blood pressure and heart rate were small and of no clinical importance.
Aorta, Thoracic↗
The evaluation of ventriculography as a supplement to computed tomography.
The diagnostic value of ventriculography (VGR) as a supplement to computed tomography (CT) is evaluated in 42 patients. CT was slightly superior for diagnosing expanding lesions and could tell more about the size and nature of the processes in this selected material which includes only lesions adjacent to the ventricular system. VGR yielded more information about the attachment of a tumor to the wall, floor, or roof of the ventricles. Stenosis or occlusion of the Sylvian aqueduct, communicating hydrocephalus, and basal adhesive arachnoiditis were diagnosed by VGR, while the correct diagnosis could be suggested only by CT in these cases.
Adolescent↗
Epidural haematoma: pathophysiological significance of extravasation and arteriovenous shunting. An analysis of 35 patients.
35 patients with epidural bleeding operated on at Rikshospitalet, Oslo, during the period 1965-1980 had preoperative angiography with visualization of the external carotid artery. Twenty-one patients had extravasation of contrast medium from meningeal arteries. Seventeen of the 21 had also shunting of contrast medium from meningeal arteries to meningeal or diploic veins, while 20 of the 21 also had bled from a ruptured meningeal artery at operation. It was further found that of 20 patients who deteriorated after trauma 18 had an epidural arteriovenous shunt or extravasation. Conversely, of 15 patients who improved after trauma 12 had no evidence of a shunt. The strong correlation between the clinical course and the occurrence of extravasation supports previous experimental and clinical data, indicating the epidural arteriovenous shunt to be a major factor in the pathophysiology and the outcome of epidural bleeding.
Adolescent↗
Changes in the cervical spine in association football players.
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Adult↗
A simple and inexpensive method for CT-guided stereotaxy.
A simple and inexpensive method for CT-guided stereotaxy is described. The method requires neither sophisticated computer programs nor additional stereotactic equipment, such as special head holders for the CT, and can be easily obtained without technical assistance. The method is designed to yield the vertical coordinates.
Humans↗
Acoustic brain stem response in diagnosis of acoustic neuroma.
The aim of the present investigation is to throw light upon the following question: Is recording of click-evoked brain stem responses (ABR) a more sensitive and reliable test than the oto-neurological and conventional audiological tests in selecting patients for computerized tomography (CT)? Thirty-three patients were examined. They all presented case histories and otoneurological findings indicating a tumor in te cerebellopontine angle. In all cases CT was carried out. A tumor was found in 16 patients, normal findings in 17. The results obtained by audiological and oto-neurological tests were compared to those obtained by ABR recording. It is concluded that recording of ABR and the caloric vestibular test are the most reliable examinations in selecting patients for CT. These examinations alone, are, however, not sufficient to secure a completely reliable selection, and should be supplemented by other audiological tests.
Adult↗
Complex partial status epilepticus following myelography with metrizamide.
Complex partial status epilepticus developed in two patients following myelography with metrizamide. The status epilepticus was manifested by confusion and complex motor symptoms, and electroencephalograms (EEGs) showed ictal activity alternating independently over both hemisphere. Immediate clinical improvement occurred with antiepileptic treatment, and to date no sequelae have been observed. Neither patient had a previous history of epileptic seizures, but both had preexisting EEG abnormalities.
Electroencephalography↗
Changes of pituitary hormones in brain death.
In six patients with clinical and electroencephalographic signs of brain death, pituitary hormones such as prolactin, human growth hormone (GH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and thyrotrophin (TSH) were measured in blood close to the demonstration of intracranial circulatory arrest by angiography. In addition, pituitary hormone releasing tests and an insulin test were carried out in two patients. The results showed that no patient had a general decrease in hormone levels, according to their biological half life times, which suggests there still was some function in the hypothalamus and pituitary. This was supported by the results of the stimulation tests. It is concluded that in brain death some basal parts of the brain may still be perfused despite the fact that angiography indicates circulatory arrest in these areas.
Adolescent↗
Computed tomography combined with gas cisternography for the diagnosis of expanding lesions in the cerebellopontine angle.
A new method combining selective gas cisternography and computed tomography for the examination of expanding lesions in the cerebellopontine angle cistern is described. Small amounts of gas injected by lumbar puncture can, with proper technique, easily be trapped in the cerebellopontine cistern. Acoustic neuromas protruding into the cistern are visualized as filling defects in the gas. Filling of the internal auditory canal with gas may be demonstrated in normal cases. The possibility of diagnosing intracanalicular tumors is uncertain.
Adolescent↗
Cervical myelography with metrizamide (Amipaque). A comparison between conventional and computer-assisted myelography with special reference to the upper cervical and foramen magnum region.
Cervical myelography with metrizamide was performed in a series of 30 patients. Minor modifications to the conventional technique made it possible to carry out measurements of the sagittal diameter of the cord and to improve the opacification of the upper cervical--foramen magnum region. Computer tomography was performed with a head scanner within 1 h after the conventional examination, and the spinal cord surrounded by contrast medium was shown from C-3 to the foramen magnum region. Measurements of the sagittal diameter of the spinal canal and the cord at corresponding levels using the two methods showed good correlation.
Adolescent↗
Cervical myelography with metrizamide using lumbar injection.
The technique, the quality of the films and the frequency of side effects are evaluated in 100 consecutive cervical myelographies with lumbar injection of metrizamide (Amipaque). The most frequent adverse effects were headache (47%) and nausea and vomiting (27%). EEG disturbances were recorded in 20 per cent. Due to special circumstances grand mal seizures and mental confusion occurred in one patient; this was the only major complication in altogether 260 cervical myelographies with lumbar injection.
Humans↗
Cervical myelography by lateral cervical and lumbar injection of metrizamide. A comparison.
Two methods of cervical myelography, C1-C2 and lumbar injection of the contrast medium, respectively, were carried out in 2 series of patients. The C1-C2 injection resulted in films of higher quality than the lumbar injection but is probably more risky. It was unsuccessful in approximately 5 per cent of the patients. If only patients suited for the lumbar approach are examined with lumbar injection and the others with C1-C2 injection, films of high quality are obtained in almost all patients and a low frequency of adverse effects is encountered.
Humans↗
Myelography with metrizamide in children.
Thirty myelographies with metrizamide (Amipaque) were carried out in 25 children with only few and minor adverse effects. The doses of the contrast medium used were considerably higher than adult doses if compared to body weight, but smaller in comparison to brain weight. Concentrations of 170 to 250 mg I/ml were used.
Adolescent↗
Mental confusion and epileptic seizures following cervical myelography with metrizamide. Report of a case.
A case of alarming, but transient clinical and EEG disturbances following cervical myelography with metrizamide (Amipaque) is reported. Clinically, mental disturbances and epileptic seizures were prominent, while bilateral rhythmic slow waves and spikes occurred in the EEG recordings.
Cognition Disorders↗
Functional myelography with metrizamide in the diagnosis of lumbar spinal stenosis.
Metrizamide (Amipaque) as a contrast medium for functional lumbar myelography was evaluated in 63 patients. It was found well suited, the adverse effects being insignificant. Good correlation was found between the clinical and the myelographic diagnosis. An a.p. diameter in extension of less than 8 to 10 mm (true value 5.5-7.0 mm) was found only in patients with considerable complaints and in whom operation was indicated.
Adult↗
Thoracic myelography with metrizamide. Technical and diagnostic aspects.
A series of 161 thoracic myelographies with metrizamide (Amipaque) in 154 patients is reported. The examinations were easy to carry out with an ordinary general fluoroscopic tilting table. The dose most frequently used was 12 to 14 ml with an iodine concentration of 200 mg I/ml. Intraspinal neoplasms were found in 42 and other expanding lesions in 10 patients. No serious complications occurred.
Adolescent↗
Ventriculography with water-soluble contrast media.
In 170 patients 184 ventriculographies with water-soluble contrast media were carried out, 60 examinations with meglumine iocarmate (Dimer-X) and 124 with metrizamide (Amipaque). Grand mal seizures occurred in one patient following the injection of meglumine iocarmate. The indications, technique and diagnostic results are reported.
Cerebral Ventriculography↗