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Biomedical subjects

O Sugar

Publications and source records attributed to O Sugar.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Naloxone dosage.

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Humans↗
PubMed1983

Steroid injections.

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins↗
PubMed1983

Subdural hematomas. I. Acute subdural hematoma: progress in definition, clinical pathology, and therapy.

A series of 206 patients with clotted subdural hematomas operated within 3 days of closed head injury is presented. Sixty-two percent (128) were operated within 24 hours of trauma (acute subdural hematoma) carrying a high incidence of sterotypic motor posturing, impaired oculomotor reflexes, and unilateral dilated fixed pupil. A functional recovery occurred in 27% and a vegetative state or death resulted in 62%. The remaining 38% were operated after 24 but within 72 hours from injury (early subacute subdural hematoma) and generally had less severe neurologic dysfunction. A functional recovery occurred in 54% and vegetative state or death in 34%. The 128 acute cases are presented in detail to establish a logical basis for time differential. The cases requiring operation within 12 hours of injury were the most challenging. Improved outcome is felt to result from prompt referral and large craniotomy in the earliest hours after injury, combined with careful postoperative monitoring. Clinical, operative and autopsy findings are presented and discussed in relation to pathogenesis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Etiology and dental treatment of severe involuntary orofacial-cervical movement disorders.

A number of electromyographic studies have demonstrated evidence of the effects of dental sensation on stomatognathic muscle function. Dental occlusal imbalances have been shown to affect markedly altered EMG patterns: asynchronism, hyperactivity, and loss of bilateral balance have been noted. In most patients, distorted dental occlusions affect muscle function so that the changes remain observable only on EMG recordings. In some patients, however, the asynchronism, hyperactivity, and loss of bilateral balance may become distressing to the patient and clinically observable. Dental occlusal therapy in two patients reduced involuntary dyskinetic movements involving the face, mouth, and neck. Sustained improvement has been noted for over 8 years.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Spinal cord malfunction after anterior cervical discectomy.

Six cases of myelopathy following anterior operations for removal of disc and fusion of the cervical spine are briefly summarized. Preexisting myelopathy or stenosis of the spinal canal may predispose to this complication. Paralysis may be immediate or delayed for hours. The amount of neural dysfunction is variable, and may fluctuate. Some cases are clearly due to intraoperative trauma caused, for instance, by dowel impaction or by use of the osteotome or drill; some are clearly due to clot. Other more arcane occurrences may be caused by edema, treated with hyperosmotic agents and steroids; or vascular disorder, treated with steroids and a deliberate increase in blood pressure and volume in a manner comparable to the treatment of postangiography or postcraniotomy hemiplegia. In some cases, rough instrumentation in the intervertebral foramen may be implicated. Some cases may be aggravated or induced by manipulation of the neck during intubation or change of position for operation. The risks are calculated as less than 2 per thousand but should be explained to the patient or the patient's family in obtaining consent for operation, since it would appear that even the most careful operation may be followed by this complication.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Traumatic subdural hygroma.

The authors report a series of 80 cases of traumatic subdural hygroma and discuss the clinical and radiological features, management, surgical results, and pathogenesis. Changes in mental status without focal signs of brain damage were noted in over 50% of the cases. A clinical course marked by stabilization without complete recovery of neurological function was found in over 40% of the cases of "simple hygroma." The lumbar cerebrospinal fluid often showed hemorrhage and elevation of the protein content. Skull fractures were found in 39% of the cases, and subdural hygromas were associated with cerebral atrophy, cortical contusions, subdural hematomas, and overlying epidural hematomas. The characteristic angiographic and computed tomographic scan findings are discussed, as are surgical pathology and outcome. Several theories of pathogenesis are presented. The authors advocate simple burr hole drainage as the treatment of choice. Significant reaccumulation may occur occasionally.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Direct percutaneous cerebral angiography in neurosurgical practice.

A retrospective analysis of 1171 consecutive percutaneous retrograde brachial and carotid cerebral angiograms was performed on 635 patients, 50.7% of whom were in the sixth decade or older. Symptoms and signs of cerebrovascular disease were the most frequently investigated and diagnosed, accounting for 46.7% of all the angiograms. Despite this relatively high-risk population, we have found direct percutaneous cerebral angiography to have a very low risk. The pros and cons of direct percutaneous versus transfemoral cerebral angiography are discussed. The literature of the previous 10 years is reviewed, and the complication rate of these two techniques is compared.

Adolescent↗