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Biomedical subjects

P Cartwright

Publications and source records attributed to P Cartwright.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Continuous wave dye laser therapy of port wine stains.

A continuous wave dye laser emitting light at 577 nm has been used in the treatment of 100 patients with port wine stains. Subjective assessments in 92 patients revealed an excellent or good result in 63% and a fair result in 17%. There was a 5% incidence of hypertrophic scarring and a 5% incidence of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Overall, 12% of patients experienced a poor result. The best results were obtained in older patients with purple port wine stains.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A primary genetic map of markers of human chromosome 10.

We have constructed a primary genetic map for human chromosome 10 from 13 polymorphic marker systems defining 11 loci, using a new gene mapping algorithm implemented in the computer program GMS. The loci form a continuous genetic map that spans approximately 116 cM in males and 170 cM in females. These loci provide regularly spaced anchor points for linkage studies, except for one interval that is 28 cM in males and 64 cM in females.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1986

Epidemic free-base cocaine abuse. Case study from the Bahamas.

Beginning in 1983, a sharp increase was noted in the number of new admissions for cocaine abuse to the only psychiatric hospital and to the primary outpatient psychiatric clinic in the Bahamas. For the two facilities combined, new admissions for cocaine abuse increased from none in 1982 to 69 in 1983 and to 523 in 1984. Although there was some evidence for a rise in cocaine use during this time, as the drug became cheaper and more available, a primary cause of this medical epidemic seemed to be a switch by pushers from selling cocaine hydrochloride, which has a low addictive potential, to almost exclusive selling of cocaine free base, which has a very high addictive potential and causes medical and psychological problems. Although the use of free cocaine base is rising around the world, this is the first report of a nationwide medical epidemic due almost exclusively to this form of the drug, although similar problems are reported with smoking coca paste in South America.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Ventilatory depression related to plasma fentanyl concentrations during and after anesthesia in humans.

Twenty-four patients were allocated randomly into four groups for the study of the pharmacokinetics of, and effects on postoperative ventilation of, two doses of fentanyl (10 micrograms/kg or 25 micrograms/kg) administered at the start of general anesthesia in which ventilation was controlled at a fixed volume, but arterial PCO2 was adjusted to a range of either 38-42 torr, or 20-25 torr. During the first 2 hr after anesthesia, ventilatory depression (CO2 responsiveness decreased to less than 50% of awake values, PaCO2 greater than 48 torr) occurred only in patients who had received 25 micrograms/kg fentanyl, and was more marked in patients who were hyperventilated to a low PaCO2 during anesthesia. Plasma fentanyl concentrations associated with 50% depression of CO2 responsiveness were in the range 1.5-3.0 ng/ml, the lower values found in patients hyperventilated to a low PaCO2. Whole-body clearance of fentanyl was significantly decreased by hypocapnic hyperventilation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Intrathecal morphine as sole analgesic during labour.

In 12 consecutive unselected patients admitted to a consultant maternity unit one single injection of subarachnoid morphine sulphate 1.5 mg abolished pain during the first stage of labour. Pain in the second stage was abolished in four patients and lessened in three. During the early puerperium, pain at the site of the episitotomy was much reduced. Side effects included itching of the face, nausea and vomiting, and frontal headache, but these were mild and simply treated. They were even less severe in the last four patients, in whom barbotage was not used in administering the morphine. The high rate of forceps delivery and caesarean section (three cases of each) was not thought to be associated with the use of intrathecal morphine. These findings show that intrathecal morphine can abolish the pain of labour, whether spontaneous or induced, while preserving the mother's full awareness of labour and her co-operation in the second and third stages of labour. Further, controlled, trials are warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The transport by hepatocytes of immunoglobulin A from blood to bile visualized by autoradiography and electron microscopy.

Polymeric myeloma IgA, labelled with 125I, was injected intravenously into rats that were killed 5, 30, or 60 min later and the livers removed, fixed and sectioned. Autoradiographs of ultra-thin sections examined in the electron microscope showed that the IgA first became bound to the plasma membrane of the hepatocytes but after 30 min much of it was transported across their cytoplasm and became localized around the bile canaliculi. At this time, autoradiographs of 1 micrometer sections examined in the light microscope showed the contents of the bile ducts in the portal tracts to be labelled heavily. These results confirm the previous finding of rapid transport of IgA across the liver and show directly that the hepatocytes are the cells that carry it out. No intracellular organelle or vesicular structure, discernible within the resolving power of the techniques used, could be implicated in the transport mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Ultrastructural and serological studies on the resistance of activated B cells to the cytotoxic effects of anti-immunoglobulin serum. Patch and cap formation of surface immunoglobulin on mitotic B lymphocytes.

Previous studies have shown that rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin sera (anti-Ig) which kill non-activated B lymphocytes in the presence of complement, are incapable of doing so when the cells are activated by antigen or mitogen into mitosis. Results reported here indicate that the resistance is not dependent on either the source of antiserum or complement, or on the presence of a mitotic inhibitor, colcemid. Immunoperoxidase staining-electron microscopy techniques were applied to assess whether there was any conspicuous difference between unstimulated versus mitogen-stimulated, mitotic cells with respect to density or distribution of cell surface Ig. No such differences were found; furthermore, mitotic cells showed rapid classical 'patch and cap' formation of cell surface Ig when incubated with anti-Ig at room temperature, indicating the retention of fluid membrane dynamics by lymphocytes in this stage of the cell cycle. In contrast to this cytotoxic resistance, T or B lymphocytes in mitosis were found to be as sensitive, or more so, to lysis by various other antisera when compared to non-mitotic cells. Thus the resistance of mitotic B cells to the cytotoxic effects of anti-Ig serum seems unique and appears independent of any conspicuous quantitative or qualitative change in cell surface Ig.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High-throughput DNA sequencing on a capillary array electrophoresis system.

A capillary array electrophoresis apparatus capable of running and analyzing 48 DNA sequencing samples simultaneously has been constructed. The instrument uses a replaceable sieving buffer and incorporates a convenient method for introducing the buffer into the capillaries. Data from laser-induced fluorescence are collected as four separate images, one for each optical channel. The integrated data analysis software employs an open architecture that allows use of any DNA base-calling algorithm. DNA sequencing runs are completed in approx. 1 hr (approximately 500 bases), and instrument turnaround time between runs is less than 15 min. Overall, the instrument throughput is on the order of 720 templates/day, or 360,000 bases/day.

Animals↗