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Biomedical subjects

P Nádvornik

Publications and source records attributed to P Nádvornik.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Abdominoinguinal pain syndrome treated by centrocentral anastomosis.

During operations in the lower part of the abdomen injuries to nerves located here arise in 1-4,2 per cent; the most frequently iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, genitofemoral and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves. These injuries to nerves are often very painful and till to day very difficult to treat. Clinical terminology of their injuries is variable and not strict. Therefore we suggest an all embracing term "abdominoinguinal pain syndrome". The authors present four case reports, in whom centrocentral anastomosis with use of both autologous interposed segment of nerve and also without it, achieved successful treatment of chronic pain. On the basis of this experience the authors prefer centrocentral anastomosis without autologous interposed segment of nerve, which is technicaly more simple.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1997

Circular stereotactic callosotomy: a preliminary report. Technical note.

The authors propose a new method for performing stereotactic callosotomy, which they have named circular callosotomy. The operating device is the original Riechert-Mundinger's string electrode, which can be protruded through a side window and by rotating the probe it is possible to cut the commisural pathways to the extent required. The anatomical results of the operation can be checked using MRI scanning.

Corpus Callosum↗
PubMed1990

Photonucleolysis of intervertebral disc and its herniation. Preparation to percutaneous laser discectomy.

Making use of a whole-body stereotactic device under model conditions a human intervertebral disc and its herniations could be targeted and removed with a laser by photocoagulation. The applicable cannulae are 3 mm in diameter and of a 6 to 12 W output power. The required effect is reached within one minute. The situation is now prepared for the clinical introduction of the new technique of discectomy, which is still performed with chemicals or mechanically section and suction.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Stereotactic approach to therapeutic stimulation of cerebellum for spasticity.

A Stereotactic approach for transtentorial implantation of deep wire electrodes directly into the anterior lobe of cerebellum has been shown as a beneficial method for the treatment of cerebral palsy in 9 patients. Proper placement of the electrodes especially into the central lobule were checked by evoked potentials and by choosing an optimal program of therapeutic stimulation which appears to be essential. With its favourable effect particularly on axial musculature stimulation seems to promote physiologic maturation of functional mechanisms in the brain, which were delayed in the course of development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[The function of the fluid compartment. Part I].

Expansion of the cerebrospinal-fluid space is a new conception introduced in view of the fact that in the closed cranial cavity in case of an increase in cerebrospinal fluid the relation volume/pressure undergoes characteristic changes. The physical laws resulting from this have already been considered in the Monro-Kellie doctrine and concern the three main parts of the cranial cavity: brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and vessels. The capability of compensation, the compliance and the elasticity or elastantia of the cerebrospinal-fluid space can be measured on the basis of the dynamic changes proceeding in the space, the pressure/volume index (PVI) being a measure of the degree of filling of the intracranial space.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1979

The role of anastomoses in brain circulation.

Anastomoses in the arterial system of brain investigated on the computer model can be divided into three basic groups. Parasitical anastomoses diverting blood into affected regions and stealing it from the unaffected parts, compensating anastomoses delivering blood from extracranial sources, and redundant anastomoses protected the vital parts of the brain.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1977

[Computer model of the bladder].

The function of the urinary bladder in the spinal segments S2-3 is a relatively simple regulatory system. This fact has enabled us to devise an adapted block scheme and to describe mathematically existing interrelations of its individual components. Thus, an abstract model of the function of the urinary bladder has been developed which was realised on a BASIC-programmed computer. The results obtained with this model simulate the function of filling and emptying of the urinary bladder and permit to understand the details of the function of the nervous system controlling the urinary bladder at this level.

Computers↗
PubMed1976

Contribution to surgical terminology in epilepsy.

The classifications of the World Health Organization used in epileptology do not contain any aspects of surgical treatment. The introduction of stereotactic techniques make it necessary to include in the classification such terms as multifocal epilepsy, modified epilepsy and iatrogenic epilepsy. Epilepsy classification will most likely be affected also by the neuro-histological changes found from epileptogenic zones with bio-chemical analysis of brain structures as well as from the zone of epileptic focus.

Epilepsy↗
PubMed1976

Some observations in treatment stimulation of epilepsy.

In a group of 10 patients suffering from epilepsy therapeutic stimulation was applied by means of chronic electrodes and a technical stimulator three times in nucleus dentatus, five times in nucleus caudatus, once in both structures simultaneously. Once chronic electrodes were introduced into the amygdalo-hippocampal complex and non-specific thalanic system bilaterally. One patient was stimulated by means of a pacemaker and once by normal rhythm from the hypothalamus of the same patient using magnetic tape. The patients were subjected to stimulations once a day for a period of 1-8 days. The results obtained are being discussed with respect to Goddard's kindling phenomenon.

Caudate Nucleus↗
PubMed1976

Graphic representation of the epileptic focus.

On the basis of systematic examinations of electrical activity of brain deep structures in 87 epileptic patients, an experiment was carried out to replace the concept of the epileptic focus by the graph of functional grouping of structures with epileptic activity. In order to make the graph as realistic as possible, the multi-lead electrodes have to be introduced into the brain systematically and under standard conditions. In this case, the results obtained are comparable. At the same time, the graph proves to be the basis of indications for stereotactic treatment.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1976

Formation of glutamate and GABA in epileptogenic tissue from human hippocampus in vitro.

The levels of some amino acids and the incorporation rates of 14C from glucose and acetate were estimated in control human brain tissue and epileptogenic foci from human hippocampus incubated in glucose-saline medium. In the epileptogenic tissue the level of glutamine and the incorporation of radioactivity from both substrates into glutamine were lowered, mainly from acetate. These results suggest damaged glial metabolism. The relative increase of glutamate and decrease of glutamate formation in epileptogenic tissue were similar to the changes caused in rat brain slices by increased concentration of potassium in the incubation medium.

Acetates↗
PubMed1976

Investigation of epileptic structure properties by transfer function.

The paper deals with the possibility of applying linear control theory and the theory of statistical dynamics to the complex and quantitative analysis of electroencephalographic records. The aim is to specify signals in the brain environment, in particular sources, speed and direction of signals, and the determination from results gained of the model of signal transfer, The possibilities of applying Fourier analysis and correlation analysis are examined. The methodical approach of the transient analysis is suggested. Conditions are discussed for approximate application of linear theory. Experimental results, as well as the calculation of transfer parameters of signals are evaluated. The method of magnetic EEG records, the scanning and processing of data on analogue and digital computers are introduced. The method described of correlation and transient analysis arises from the necessity to detect epileptic structures from an evaluation of SEEG records of the deep brain structure.

Electroencephalography↗