PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Pohunek

Publications and source records attributed to P Pohunek.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Pharmacokinetics and chronotherapy of delayed action theophylline (Euphyllin CR)].

Monitoring of theophyllinaemia in the course of 24 h during treatment with theophylline anhydrate capsules (Euphyllin CR) was used in 20 children (9-15 years) and in 20 adults (18-61 years) with bronchial asthma. The doses used in children were 5.96 mg/kg at 7 a.m. and 10.2 mg/kg at 7 p.m., while in adults the morning and evening doses were similar (4.35 and 4.89 mg/kg). After the first dose in the morning the serum theophylline concentration (STC) did not differ in children and adults (10.4 and 10.5 mg/l). In adults the half-time of absorption was twice as high as in children (0.63 and 0.3 h), as well as the time when the peak theophylline concentration was reached (2.7 and 1.39 h). In children a double dose of the drug at night ensured a STC of 11.2 mg/l and a maximum theophyllinaemia (C max = 13.5 mg/l between 8 p.m. and 6 a.m. (measured by the EMIT method). In adults the values during the night were significantly lower than in day-time (STC: ANOVA test P less than 0.05, C max: T-test P less than 0.01). The percentage fluctuation in individual subjects was small (36-49) interindividual, fluctuations in children and adults were considerable (105 to 207). From the chronoprofile of the pharmacokinetics of Euphyllin CR ensues that at the age of 9-15 years the most important indicators are similar to those in adults and that both groups should be given at night a double dose, as compared with that administered in the morning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Use of the interruption method in the measurement of respiratory tract resistance in children].

In a group of 50 children with a negative case- history as regards airways and lacking acute respiratory disease, the authors assessed the resistance of the airways on a whole-body plethysmograph and by using the interruptor method on a Bronchoscreen (Jaeger) apparatus. The authors found a satisfactory correlation of the two methods (r = 0.7). When relating the resulting values of resistance to height, greater differences were found between the two methods in younger children; with increasing height the differences disappear. For the relationship of the resistance assessed by the interruptor method and height in our group a Rint regression equation was calculated [kPa/(l/s)] = -0.00765 X height (cm) + 1,565.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Study of bronchial reactivity by means of cold air inhalation].

In 24 children with bronchial asthma and 16 children of a control group provocation by three-minute inhalation of cold air was applied under eucapnic condition on a RHES apparatus (E. Jaeger, GFR). After hyperventilation changes in the resistance of the airways were investigated by the occlusion method and repeatedly parameters of ventilation were examined by the flow-volume loop method. In the group of asthmatic children a significantly increased resistance was recorded after provocation with an onset already during the first minute after completed hyperventilation, and it persisted to the 9th minute. In the investigated parameters of the flow-volume loop (FEV 1, MEF 25/75) the maximum drop was recorded between the 3rd and 5th minute after provocation. In the control group no significant changes developed after provocation. Provocation by eucapnic hyperventilation of cold air is in particular in paediatric pneumological and allergological diagnosis a perspective method which does not cause discomfort to the patient and is well tolerated.

Asthma↗
PubMed1987

Treatment of bronchial obstruction in asthmatic children.

In asthmatic children, clenbuterol causes bronchodilatation for 12h. Ipratropium bromide plus fenoterol is effective in stopping dry irritable cough related to bronchial obstruction. Sustained-release theophylline is effective with therapeutic serum and saliva concentrations for 16h. Ambroxol hydrochloride provides an additional therapy for bronchial obstructure since it reduces cough and sputum output. Cromoglycate and ketotifen are appropriate for long term treatment, and a combination of bronchodilators may offer better control of nocturnal asthma.

Adolescent↗