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Biomedical subjects

P Ratener

Publications and source records attributed to P Ratener.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Approach-avoidance conflicts regarding participation in professional activity studies.

The intrapersonal conflict hypothesis was used to explain participation and nonparticipation by health professionals in a demonstration program in quality assurance and continuing education. Two variables, "perceived benefits" and "social barriers," predict participation (p less than .024, less than .005, respectively). A discriminant analysis suggests that "benefits" has a greater impact than "barriers." The model has practical value in enhancing participation in important professional activities.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1983

Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative dental care.

A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for the external validity of the model is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Dentists' attitudes toward and knowledge of the elderly.

A representative sample of 332 Washington State dentists in private practice was surveyed regarding their practices, the nature and extent of their contact with elderly patients, and their attitudes toward the aged. Results show that the dentists sampled have generally inaccurate perceptions of facts on aging. More experienced dentists, and those who had greater numbers of self-paying patients, held fewer stereotypes. Dentists who rated their elderly patients as having good oral hygiene held positive stereotypes. Course work in geriatric dentistry did not discriminate between dentists with more or less incorrect perceptions. This paper also discusses implications for dental practice and training in geriatric dentistry.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A study of treatment planning: periodontal services for the elderly.

A study was undertaken to explore how dentists use patient data to plan treatment. Three hundred forty-six general dentists used oral and general health findings to determine periodontal treatment for seven prototypic elderly patients. The results indicated that oral hygiene and major medications best discriminated between treatment plans. The number of periodontal services ordered was directly related to the number of restorative units and inversely related to the number of extractions and prosthetic devices. Differences between dentists were not accounted for by the training, experience, or attitudes of the dentists.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Determinants of the quality of restorative dental care.

This article reports the results of an analysis to determine the relationships between the quality of restorative dental care for 1,466 patients and 9 categories of dentist characteristics for 102 volunteer Washington practitioners. In this study, patients were recalled and restorations were examined clinically. Questionnaires were administered to patients and dentists. The dependent measure is a weighted average of scores for operative dentistry and crown and bridge. Stagewise regression was used to adjust for differences in patient oral health and assessor bias. Models were postulated in each category of dentist characteristics and beta vectors were estimated by multiple regression. The best predictors formed a significant model (p = 0.000) which explained 26 per cent of the variance.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1979

Patient dental values and their relationship to oral health status, dentist perceptions and quality of care.

In this study, 1287 patients completed a questionnaire assessing knowledge of home care procedures, adherence to home care instructions, obstacles presented to the dentist in delivering care, and ability to pay for optimal care. Ninety-seven dentists that provided treatment for these patients completed a parallel questionnaire. Measures of oral health and the quality of restorative care were based on clinical examinations. It was found that though patient values and dental perceptions were associated, dentist perceptions did not closely match patient dental values. Analysis of variance indicated that patient dental values were related positively to both oral health measures and the quality of restorations. Patient-reported compliance with home care recommendations showed the strongest relationship to both oral health and quality of restorations.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Manual dexterity as a predictor of quality of care among dental practitioners.

This study explores the relationship between time to complete a manual dexterity exercise and quality of restorative dentistry. Ninety-seven general practitioners volunteered to take part in the study. An average of 14 patients per office were recalled and an average of five recent restorations per patient were examined clinically by trained peer reviewers. Subsequently, 74 of the 97 dentists participated in a session in which the O'Connor Tweezer Dexterity test was administered. Pearson correlations between speed on the test of tweezer dexterity and quality measures indicated that, on the average, those practitioners who took longer to complete the tweezer test achieved significantly higher scores on restorative quality.

Aptitude Tests↗
PubMed1978

Dentists' perceptions of their patients relation to quality of care.

This study investigates dentists' perceptions of their patients and the relation of these perceptions to measures of actual quality of restorative treatment. The results indicate that 1) though the dentists see their patients as "cooperative," they perceived a substantial number of "problems," i.e., willingness to pay for optimal care or follow professional recommendations; and 2) there are significant associations between dentists' perceptions of patients and measures of the quality of restorative treatments; higher quality scores were associated with perceptions of a more cooperative patient.

Dental Restoration, Permanent↗
PubMed1978

Volunteering in dental peer review: differences between volunteers and practitioners at large.

This report characterizes differences among early and late volunteers, and non-volunteers for personal characteristics and situational determinants of volunteering in an experimental dental peer review study. Differences were found for volunteers/non-volunteers for some items representing subject interest, expectation of a favorable evaluation, sociability, and achievement motivation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Dental examinations for quality control: peer review versus self-assessment.

This paper reports the dental care norms for restorative dentistry collected from examinations of 1,466 patients in 105 dental offices in Washington State during 1976. These results are part of a larger study, "Assessment of Care and Continuing Dental Education," being conducted by the University of Washington with the endorsement and cooperation of the Washington State Dental Association. Treatments in volunteer offices were evaluated either by colleagues (peer review) or by the practitioner himself (self-assessment). Two hundred twenty-four of 1,196 eligible dentists volunteered for the study. Patients from the practitioners' offices were randomly selected from office files by project staff. The study tests the proposition that, using standardized clinical evaluation procedures and comparable samples of treatment, dentists will be more critical of their own work than that of others. Results suggest a generally high level of care provided by volunteer practitioners and that self-assessments were significantly more critical than peer review.

Dental Care↗
PubMed1978

Dentists' self-evaluations: relationship to clinical performance.

Today's dental practice standards are set by the individual dentist. Quality is assured, in large part, by the accuracy of self-evaluations by dental practitioners. As a result, dental educators have attempted to improve the accuracy of self-reported evaluations by dental students by teaching such skills in the laboratory and clinic. This investigation examines multiple self-evaluations of the quality of restorative practice of 1,196 general practitioners, and investigates the relationship between these ratings and actual quality of treatment by 102 dentists for 2,753 patients.

Clinical Competence↗