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P Rudan

Publications and source records attributed to P Rudan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Application of HLA class II polymorphism analysis to the study of the population structure of the Island of Krk, Croatia.

The population structure of the northern Adriatic island of Krk, Croatia, was studied using PCR methodology and nonradioactive oligonucleotide hybridization for the analysis of HLA-DRB1, DRB3, DRB4, DRB5, DQA1, and DQB1 polymorphisms. Allele frequencies, genetic kinship (R), and genetic distances (E2) were computed, and correlations between distance (genetic, linguistic, geographic) and kinship (migration) matrices were examined. The results, reflecting past (micro-) evolutionary processes, indicate that ethnohistorical and sociocultural events rather than geographic distances are the primary determinants of today's population structure of the island.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Family correlations of metacarpal bones--heritable (h2) and environmental (c2) components of total phenotypic variation.

The analysis of family data of 18 metacarpal morphometric dimensions (bone length -L, total diaphysis width-T and medullary canal width-M of the second, third and fourth metacarpals of both hands) has been performed on 956 randomly sampled adult examinees (age 18 to 85), inhabitants of the islands of Brac and Hvar and the Peljesac peninsula, Croatia. Interclass (for parent-offspring family pairs) and intraclass (for siblings) correlation coefficients have been calculated as well as heritability coefficient (h2) and coefficient quantifying effects of common sibling environment (c2) have been estimated. Heritability estimates (h2) for the medullary canal width dimensions (54%-71%) showed to be at least as high, and c2 (2%-14%) values showed to be at least as low as those obtained for bone length dimensions (h2 = 51%-65%; c2 = 5%-16%) suggesting a strong influence of genetic factors in medullary canal width formation. For both traits the highest heritability and the lowest environmental component is found for dimensions of 4th metacarpal bone, which could be explained by lower biomechanical pressures acting on that bone owing to it's anatomical position. Analysis of family resemblance for medullary canal width showed the tendency of female family pair (Mother-daughter) to be less correlated than other family pairs, which is especially pronounced in fourth metacarpals. We assume that lower correlation values of Mother-daughter pair can be the result of non-linearity of age dependent changes in medullary canal width dimensions associated with the osteoporotic process which is more active in females. Clearly lower heritability values obtained for total diaphysis width dimensions (25%-48%) and higher values obtained for c2 (14%-23%), in addition to findings of higher correlation values in same sex family pairs (Father-son, Mother-daughter) speaks in favor of substantial importance of common family environmental factors--particularly sexually specific physical activity--which through the short-term adaptation processes modify the total diaphysis width dimension phenotype.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Anthropometric variation and population structure of the island of Pag, Croatia.

Anthropometric variation in the population of the island of Pag (eastern Adriatic, Croatia) was investigated by using data on 14 head and 24 body dimensions. The data were related to past and present migration patterns, geography, and linguistics. The analyses revealed heterogeneity among three population groups inhabiting geographically defined regions of the island and heterogeneity among the village populations. The congruence between anthropometric variation, migration history, geographic distances, and current linguistic features says much for the strength of the isolating factors on this ecologically uniform island, which have effected the genetic structure of the population.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Factor structure of morphometric variables measured on six metacarpal bones.

Morphometry of the second, third and fourth metacarpal bone was performed on hand-wrist radiograms of both hands in a sample of 434 male and 549 female adult subjects. Morphometric data (bone length-L, total diaphysis width-T and medullary canal width-M) and age were processed using principal factor analysis with oblique rotation, separately for males and females. In both sexes three factors accounting for 74.7% of the total variance were extracted, but their patterns of variation differed. Factors-"cumulative environmental-genetic factor", "longitudinal factor", and "transversal factor"-are discussed within the context of their biological meaning affecting the phenotypic formation of metacarpal skeleton in a given population.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Phosphoglucomutase-1 subtypes in two populations in Adriatic islands: presence of PGM1*W3 (PGM1*7+) allele.

Allele frequencies at the phosphoglucomutase-1 (PGM1) locus have been investigated in two Croatian (Yugoslavian) populations from neighboring islands, Silba and Olib. The genotype distributions are significantly different though the two islands are only 2 km apart. In the light of demographic and historical data, a few hypotheses explaining these results are discussed. A rare variant, PGM1*W3, usually found in Asia, is present in 4 inhabitants from the Olib island.

Alleles↗
PubMed1991

Ventilatory parameters in healthy nonsmoking adults of Adriatic islands (Yugoslavia).

Forced expiratory volumes and flows (forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal expiratory flow at 25% (MEF25%), 50% (MEF50%) and 75% (MEF75%) of the FVC) have been measured in 909 healthy nonsmoking men and women, ranging in age from 18-86 yrs, who live on Eastern Adriatic islands (Yugoslavia). This area is essentially free from air pollution. The results have been analysed in terms of age and height and regression equations for each sex were derived. The equations for FVC and FEV1 were reliable and those for forced expiratory flows were not. Comparisons were made with prediction equations derived for other populations, especially with those which are commonly used in daily medical practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Population structure of the Peljesac Peninsula, Yugoslavia.

We gathered serogenetic and parent-offspring migration data from 604 residents of 7 villages on the Peljesac peninsula in southern Yugoslavia. A variety of population genetics and multivariate statistics models and procedures give a concordant picture of the population structure of this region. Extensive migration is the dominant microevolutionary force patterning the variation seen today. Multiple population bottlenecks have also occurred over the past few centuries as a result of disease, famine, war, economic failure, and founder events, making it likely that genetic drift has been an important factor in the history of this population system.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Isolation by distance and correlation analysis of distance measures in the study of population structure: example from the Island of Hvar.

Assessment of the population structure on the island of Hvar is based on the analysis of Malécot's isolation by distance model. We have tested the fit of the model by regression analysis of different measures of similarity (genetic kinship) and distance [Hamming's HSM distance for linguistic data; Mahalanobis's D2 distances for anthropometric head and body dimensions, radiogrammetric dimensions of metacarpal bones, physiological (cardiorespiratory) traits, and quantitative dermatoglyphic properties of the digitopalmar complex; and Edwards's E2 for frequencies of erythrocyte antigens]. Good fit of the model for linguistic and anthropometric data, which was demonstrated in previous studies on other eastern Adriatic populations, is confirmed. We compared parameters of the model with those already published for various populations in the eastern Adriatic and other parts of the world. We also evaluated the pattern of correlations between different measures of geographic, biological, and sociocultural distances through principal components analysis and interpreted the results within the context of microevolutionary theory and the population's ethnohistorical background.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Ventilatory function of the lungs in Brac stone cutters].

The study aims at assessing whether occupational exposure to Brac limestone, which contains a minute amount of silica, induces disorders of ventilatory capacity. It included 71 male workers employed in a stone saw-mill and 134 controls. The ventilatory functions VC, FEV1, FEV 1% VC, MEF25, MEF50 i MEF75 were examined, and the values analysed in respect to smoking habit. Variance analysis established a homogenous distribution of VC parameters, while others were heterogeneously distributed. This can be explained by smoking habit as assessable factor, and not by exposure to limestone dust. It is assumed that the production of Brac limestone in the stone saw-mill does not cause disorders in ventilatory function.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Isolation by distance on the Island of Korcula: correlation analysis of distance measures.

Within the framework of holistic anthropological investigations of the rural populations on the Island of Korcula, various measures of biological distances between eight villages were estimated (Mahalanobis' D2 for anthropometric, physiological, and dermatoglyphic traits); socio-cultural similarities and distances were determined (kinship coefficient estimated from migrational data and Hemming similarity measure estimated from linguistic data). A matrix of Spearman's rank correlation coefficients among these measures demonstrated a pattern of interdependencies, which we analysed further by principal components analysis. The first component reflects the cumulative effect of different processes acting on the initial gene distribution over a long period of time; the second component represents initial population structure; and the third component reflects recent migration influences.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1987

Isolation by distance in Middle Dalmatia-Yugoslavia.

Parameters of Malécot's isolation-by-distance model are estimated for biological (anthropometric head and body dimensions, morphometric dimensions of metacarpal bones, quantitative and qualitative dermatoglyphic traits, and physiological/cardiorespiratory/variables) and linguistic distances and migrational kinship on the island of Korcula and the Peljesac peninsula in Middle Dalmatia, Croatia, Yugoslavia. Resulting parameters and the fit of the model are compared, for both regions, as well as with results of similar analysis in other parts of the world. The fit of the model is highly significant for migrational kinship and linguistic distances and less so for biological traits. Differences between these two populations, which live under basically similar ecological conditions, are explained by variation in biological and sociocultural history.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Historical processes and biological structure of the populations. Example from the Island of Korcula.

The importance of geographical distance as a determining factor of the population's biological and socio-cultural structure was studied on the island of Korcula, Yugoslavia. Migrational kinship coefficients, biological and linguistic distances were analysed in respect to isolation by distance, using Malecot's model. The fit of the model is highly significant for migrational kinship, linguistic, anthropometrical and physiological distances, while for morphometrical distances of metacarpal bones and dermatoglyphic distances, it is not adequate. The major conclusions reached through this analysis are in concordance with the known historical events in the entire region.

Anthropology, Physical↗
PubMed1986

Anthropometry and the biological structure of the Hvar population.

Biological structure of the population of the island of Hvar was investigated by using the data on anthropometric variation among nine village populations; 24 body and 14 head dimensions were analysed from 487 male and 437 female adult subjects. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed heterogeneity among the populations, which says much for the strength of the isolating factors on the island. Using correlations of anthropometric and geographic distance, the observed patterns of variation among villages were closely related to geography, suggesting migration to be an important factor in the formation of the island's population structure. Populations of the examined villages were further grouped to form the population of the eastern part and the population of the western part of the island, which have an ethnodemographic and sociocultural basis. The analyses revealed heterogeneity between the populations and thus provided evidence to support the hypothesis about the existence of the genetically different groups living in the same biotope.

Adult↗