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Biomedical subjects

P W Mullen

Publications and source records attributed to P W Mullen.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of sodium valproate on the immune response.

The effects of long-term treatment with sodium valproate (VAL) on humoral immunity (Jerne plaque assay) and the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response of mice were studied. The resistance of treated animals to bacterial infection was also investigated. Various doses of sodium valproate were administered intraperitoneally (on alternate days) for periods of 1, 3 and 7 weeks. Although treatment for 1 week produced no significant effect, VAL treatment (50 and 150 mg/kg/48 h) for periods of 3 and 7 weeks resulted in enhanced numbers of plaque-forming cells (PFC) per spleen and increased spleen weights (after 3 weeks treatment). In contrast, VAL pretreatment of spleen cells in vitro was without effect. Also, no effect of VAL on DTH was observed after 1 or 3 weeks treatment (150 mg/kg/48 h).

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Lack of effect of immunotherapy with BCG and Corynebacterium parvum on hepatic drug hydroxylation in man.

Serial serum diphenylhydantoin and urinary 5-(p-hydroxphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin concentrations were determined in 8 patients with malignant disease and 4 healthy volunteers on 2 separate occasions after an oral dose of diphenylhydantoin (500 mg). No significant difference was observed between metabolism before and 10 days after immunization with BCG or Corynebacterium parvum. Volunteers without intervening immunization similarly showed no difference.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Predicting phenytoin dose - a revised nomogram.

The nomogram devised by Richens and Dunlop for predicting phenytoin dose has been tested in 127 residential epileptic patients, and the data obtained were used to prepare a revised version of the nomogram. In a further 78 patients, this new version was found to be superior to the original. The mean Km value was found to be 23.8 mumoles/liter. Km was independent of age and body surface area, but Dmax correlated positively with the latter two variables.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Comparative evaluation of six techniques for determining the Michaelis-Menten parameters relating phenytoin dose and steady-state serum concentrations.

Using randomly generated data within set error limits, the Michaelis-Menten parameters Dmax and Km relating steady-state serum phenytoin concentrations (Css) and dose (D) were determined by 5 graphical techniques and an iterative computer fit to the hyperbolic equation. The best mean estimates of Dmax and Km were provided by the latter. Assuming the experimental error to be in Css the results indicate that the most reliable graphical technique is that based on the equation Css = Dmax Css/D - Km. However, considering its obvious simplicity and relative reliability the direct linear plot is recommended for clinical use.

Computers↗
PubMed1978

Optimal phenytoin therapy: a new technique for individualizing dosage.

A simple, new technique (the direct linear plot) for predicting steady-state serum phenytoin concentrations is described. Although no calculations are required, reliable estimates (comparable with those derived by computer) of the Michaelis-Menten parameters can be readily determined and used graphically to predict the individualized dose required to achieve a desired serum concentration.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗