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Biomedical subjects

Q Shang

Publications and source records attributed to Q Shang.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Effects of hepatitis G virus coinfection on hepatic pathological changes of patients with chronic hepatitis B: a long-term comparative study].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the long-term effect of hepatitis G virus (HGV) coinfection on hepatic pathological changes of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and explore the pathogenicity of HGV. METHODS: Menghini method liver biopsy was performed on 45 patients with CHB twice with an interval of 5 years on a voluntary basis. The liver tissue of 21 cases was HGV nonstructural region 5 (HGV NS5) antigen positive by peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) immunohistochemical staining assay (HGV coinfection group) in these two tests, and 24 cases were negative (HGV noncoinfection group). There was no significant difference in age, sex, course of disease, amount of serum HBV-DNA by competitive quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay and severity of hepatic pathological leisions between these two groups (P < 0.05) and they were treated with the same scheme and without sustained curative effeect. The hepatic pathological changes of the two groups after 5 years were compared and analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in basic hepatic pathological change, severity of inflammatory activity grade and fibrosis stage in these two groups. The numbers of cases of inflammatory activity grade G1, G2, G3, and G4 were 3, 7, 7, and 4 in HGV coinfection group, and 5, 8, 7, and 4 in HGV noncoinfection group in the beginning of observation; and were 3, 5, 7, and 6 in HGV coinfection group, and 4, 6, 8, and 6 in HGV noncoinfection group after 5 years. The numbers of cases in fibrosis stages S1, S2, S3, and S4 were 4, 7, 7, and 3 in HGV coinfection group, and 6, 8, 6, and 4 HGV noncoinfection group in the beginning of observation; and were 3, 6, 5, 7 in HGV coinfection group, and 4, 7, 5, and 8 in HGV noncoinfection group after 5 years (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: HGV coinfection does not lead to the activation of hepatic pathological changes and does not speed up the progression of fibrosis in patients with CHB. HGV coinfection does not play an obvious role in long-term hepatic pathological changes of patients with CHB. HGV has at most a mild hepatic pathogenicity.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

An antimicrobial peptide gene found in the male reproductive system of rats.

Little is known about the innate defense mechanisms of the male reproductive tract. We cloned a 385-base pair complementary DNA and its genomic DNA named Bin1b that is exclusively expressed in the caput region of the rat epididymis and that is responsible for sperm maturation, storage, and protection. Bin1b exhibits structural characteristics and antimicrobial activity similar to that of cationic antimicrobial peptides, beta-defensins. Bin1b is maximally expressed when the rats are sexually mature and can be up-regulated by inflammation. Bin1b appears to be a natural epididymis-specific antimicrobial peptide that plays a role in reproductive tract host defense and male fertility.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Tissue-engineered bone repair of sheep cranial defects with autologous bone marrow stromal cells.

Cranial bone defect remains a major challenge to craniofacial surgeons because of limited availability of autologous bone graft to repair the defects and the donor site defects secondary to tissue harvesting. In contrast, tissue-engineering technique can generate a large bone tissue using small amount of autologous cells and therefore avoid these problems. Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (MSCs) have the potential of multi-lineage (including osteogenic) differentiation. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of using autologous MSCs to repair cranial bone defects by a tissue-engineering approach. Autologous MSCs were isolated from eight adult sheep respectively and were in vitro expanded and induced to become osteogenic cells. Bilateral full-thickness defects (20 mm in diameter) of parietal bones were created in animals and the bone defects were either repaired with the bone implants constituted with MSCs and calcium alginate at the experimental side (n = 8) or treated with calcium alginate only without MSCs (n = 4) or left unrepaired (n = 4) at the control side. New bone tissues were observed either grossly or histologically at the defects of experimental group as early as 6 weeks post-repairing, but not in control groups. The engineered bone tissue became more mature at 18 weeks post-repairing. Three-dimensional computerized tomography (CT) scan revealed an almost complete repair of the defect of experimental group at 18 weeks. This study may provide insight for future clinical repair of cranial defect.

Alginates↗
PubMed2001

[Disinfection for cistern water].

Rainwater is often collected into cisterns (pits or tanks) for household using as drinking water source in the rural areas of the northwest and the southeast coast in China, where no enough fresh water resource is available. However, the total number of bacteria and coliforms in the cisterns water was higher than the standard of that in drinking water. In order to ensure the safety for drinking, the effectiveness, conditions of treatment and cost for such disinfection methods compared with solar radiation, ultraviolet (UV), chloridation, micro-filteration and KDF were studied in 10 households in Cixi of Zhejiang Province and Weiyuan of Gansu Provinces, respectively. The micro-filteration is more compatible for bacteria removal in the tanks, while chloridation more for disinfection in the underground pits.

Rain↗
PubMed2001

[An experimental study of tissue engineered autologous cartilage by using an injectable polymer].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the proper cell density of tissue engineered autologous cartilage to indicate the clinical application. METHODS: The chondrocytes, isolated from mini swines' ears, were mixed with an injectable biocompatible matrix(Pluronic F127) to make the cell suspensions with the densities of 10,20, 30,40,50,60,70 x 10(6)/ml. The chondrocyte-polymer complex was injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the swines' abdomens. Each specimen was harvested and evaluated with body-mass, histological examination, and glycosaminoglycan content and type II collagen tests after 6 weeks in vivo. RESULTS: The histological examination had showed that the neo-cartilage was solid, homogenous cartilage when using 50 million chondrocytess/cc for 6 weeks. The samples with the 10 and 30 million chondrocytes/cc showed that the area of the cartilage was incomplete and separated by the remnant polymer. The mass of the samples was ranged from 30-110 mg after 6 weeks. The glycosaminoglycan content was lower from 5.8 to 9.0 percent, compared to the 9.2 percent of the normal auricular cartilage. Western-Blot had presented the type II collagen in all samples. CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated that the qutologous cartilage could be generated by using tissue engineering technique, with the histological characteristics similar to natural cartilage. Fifty million chondrocytes per cc could yield the best quality cartilage in 6 weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

In-vitro cultivation of normal human oral keratinocytes.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for culturing normal human oral keratinocytes. METHODS: Specimens obtained from healthy humans undergoing oral surgery were dissociated into single cell suspensions by dispase and trypsin. The cells were grown in serum-free medium. Morphological characteristics were studied under light microscope and electron microscope. Cytokeratins were shown by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Cells could be maintained in culture up to 4-5 passages or 30-50 days. Electron microscope revealed that there were desmosomes and tonofibrils in the oral keratinocytes. The cells showed positive staining for cytokeratin antibody. CONCLUSION: Human oral keratinocytes have been successfully grown in serial culture.

Cell Culture Techniques↗
PubMed2001

[An experimental study of antisense TGF-beta 1 inhibiting keloid fibroblast proliferation in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of antisense TGF-beta 1 on keloid fibroblast proliferation in vitro. METHODS: The antisense TGF-beta 1 was transfected into the keloid fibroblast by liposome. The cell count technique was used to test the effect of antisense TGF-beta 1 on keloid fibroblast proliferation in vitro. Cell apoptosis was tested by FCM. RESULTS: Antisense TGF-beta 1 can inhibit the proliferation of keloid fibroblast in vitro; Antisense TGF-beta 1 can increase the apoptosis ratio of keloid fibroblast in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: Antisense TGF-beta 1 can induce keloid fibroblast apoptosis and inhibit keloid fibroblast proliferation in vitro, which may contribute to the inhibition of keloid formation in vivo.

Antisense Elements (Genetics)↗
PubMed2001

[Reconstruction of corneal stroma using tissue engineering technique].

OBJECTIVE: To reconstruct new corneal stroma in order to provide a basis for future studies on the reconstruction of cornea. METHODS: The cultured corneal stromal cell-PGA complex was grafted to the subdermis of a female balb/c nude mouse. Six weeks after grafting, the new reformed tissue was fixed for histologic examination and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). At the same time, the new deposited collagen fibril diameter was measured. RESULTS: The reconstructed corneal stromal layer was formed in a waved, crossed-web structure, which was similar to the normal corneal stroma. Cell deposited collagen fibrils were similar in diameter to those seen in normal corneal stroma. CONCLUSIONS: The corneal stroma can be reconstructed by using tissue engineering technique. The reconstructed tissue which is similar to the normal cornea in key characteristics, including morphology and histologic structure provides an ideal experimental model for corneal physiological, pathologic, toxic and drug efficient testing and for future development of the tissue for implantation.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Expression of hepatitis B virus antigen in brain tissue from liver cirrhosis patients with hepatitis B and its significance].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen in brain tissue from liver cirrhosis patients with hepatitis B and explore its significance. METHODS: HBsAg and HBcAg were detected in the brain tissue from 70 liver cirrhosis dead patients with hepatitis B by S-P immunohistochemical assay, and the relationship between the expression of HBV antigen in brain tissue testing and clinic and pathology was analyzed. RESULTS: 30 patients (42.89%) were positive for HBV antigen. Among them, 24 patients (34.29%) were positive for HBsAg and 18 patients (25.71%) were positive for HBcAg. HBV antigen was mainly found in cytoplasm and distributed in neurons, neurogliocytes and vascular endothelial cells. The positive cells were distributed separately, scatteredly or focally. The expression of HBV antigen was not associated with the serum level of HBV replication but associated with the occurrence of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and the severity of brain tissue pathologic lesions of HE. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that HBV infection develop in brain tissue from liver cirrhosis patients with hepatitis B and HBV may replicate in it. HBV infection in brain tissue may p lay an important role in occurrence and development of HE from liver cirrhosis patients with hepatitis B.

Brain↗
PubMed2000

[The effects of hepatitis G virus infection on clinical features and liver pathologic lesions of chronic hepatitis C].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical and pathological effect of hepatitis G virus infection on chronic hepatitis C. METHODS: Detecting HGV-RNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from serum samples of 53 chronic hepatitis C through patients as diagnosed by liver biopsy. The clinical and pathologic features of the patients with positive HGV-RNA were compared with those of patients with negative HGV-RNA. RESULTS: The results showed that 15 patients (28.3%) were positive for serum HGV-RNA and there were no significant differences in clinical manifestations, biochemical indexes, HCV-RNA positive rates and the liver pathologic lesions between these HGY RNA positive and negative groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that HGV coinfection does not affect the liver lesions and HCV replication of chronic hepatitis C.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[An initial experiment study on allogenic tissue engineered cartilage].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the formation of engineered cartilage in vivo with allogenic chondrocytes. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Joint cartilage from ewe embryos (Pregnancy: 100 days) was isolated and digested to obtain dissociated chondrocytes. Mixed chondrocytes with biomaterials (Pluronic 127) at the density 50 x 10(6)/ml, then implant the allograft complex subcutaneously. Collect the novel tissue every two weeks along for six months, weigh and stain (HE, Safranin O, Masson's trichrome) the sample tissues individually to evaluate the characteristics of novel tissue. RESULT: Novel cartilage can regenerate in allograft animals, with similar histological properties of chondrocytes, aminoglycin and collagen distribution to normal cartilage. The novel cartilage observed histologically showed apparent surrounding inflammatory cells in two and four week and the tissue of cartilage came to mature since the sixth week, with less inflammatory reaction, but not disappeared. CONCLUSION: Novel cartilage can generate in allograft animals with tissue engineering approach, with certain immunoreaction surrounding. Such reaction will be weakened gradually with time.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Serial cultivation of normal human oral keratinocytes].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method of culturing normal human oral keratinocytes. METHODS: Specimens obtained from healthy humans undergoing oral surgery were dissociated by Dispase and trypsin into a single cell suspension. The cells were grown in serum-free medium. Morphological characteristics were studied under light microscope and electron microscope (EM). Cytokeratins were showed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The cells could be maintained in culture up to 4-5 passages, or 30-50 days. EM revealed that there were desmosomes and tonofibrils in the culture cells. The cells showed positive staining for cytokeratin antibody. CONCLUSIONS: The culture technique for growing normal human oral keratinocytes has been established.

Cell Culture Techniques↗
PubMed2000

[Repairing peripheral nerve defects by tissue engineering techniques:an experimental study].

OBJECTIVE: To develop a novel effective substitute material or technique to repair peripheral nerve gap. METHODS: We inoculated expanded Schwann cells (SCs) at re-arranged bio-absorbable polymer polyglycolic acid (PGA) fiber and incubated for two weeks, then we developed a novel tissue-engineered scaffolds. The scaffolds were used as cellular isografts to bridge 15 mm long gap of sciatic nerve in inbred strains of Wistar rats. In an autologous and pure PGA fiber control group, the same surgical procedure was used. Evaluation included general observation, electromyographic examination, muscle measurement, and histological observation of serial sections at 12 weeks after surgery. The total number and density of reinnervation and thickness of myelin sheath was measured by computerized image analysis. RESULTS: SCs put out a long and thin prominence and migrated along the PGA fibers in spirality or parallel when they divided and finally rank into a cell-chain formation similar to Büngner's band. TEM/SEM and immunohistochemical survey demonstrated that the SCs at PGA fiber also secreted a great deal of ECMs included laminin, which play a very important role in peripheral nerve regeneration. Non-tubular scaffold comprised SCs and laminin (LN) channel in three-dimensional longitudinal rank. Animal transplantation study indicated the sensory and motor functional results of hindlimbs of experimental group rats reached to similar level of those found in nerve autograft control group. The number of reinnervation in the experimental group rats was slightly fewer than that in nerve autograft control group; but the axonal density was just reversal between the two groups because of a large area ischemic necrosis in the center of nerve autografts. CONCLUSION: This new paradigm offers a potential solution to repairing a long gap of peripheral nerve.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Determination of cortisol in plasma and 24-hour urine of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy].

OBJECTIVE: To study the cortisol levels in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). METHODS: Endogenous cortisol levels in plasma and urine were determined in 44 patients with CSCR by radioimmunoassay and chromatography, and their results were compared with that of 41 controls. RESULTS: In acute CSCR, the mean values of the plasma cortisol (296.53 +/- 77.03) ng/ml and 24-hour urine 17-hydroxysteroids (the major metabolite of cortisol metabolism) (12.08 +/- 4.82) mg/24 h revealed significantly higher values in the patient group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased levels of endogenous cortisol play a role in the development of CSCR.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1999

[Wavelength selection in management of central serous chorioretinopathy].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of three kinds of laser wavelength in management of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). METHOD: 89 patients with CSCR were randomly divided into three groups according to different wavelengths used. Visual acuity, fundus, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), light sensitivity, central visual field were performed before and after laser therapy. RESULT: Compared with red and green wavelength groups, in yellow group the visual acuity, light sensitivity were improved more significantly (P < 0.05), and the disease course was shortened, the effects in recurrence rate were similar in the three wavelength groups. CONCLUSION: In the three kinds of waves, yellow and red have similar and positive effects in the treatment of CSCR.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Survey on the current status of drinking water supply, latrines and the health knowledge of residents in the remote rural areas of several provinces of China].

A survey on the current status of drinking water supply, latrines and the health knowledge of residents in the remote rural areas of the southwest and northwest of China was reported. A stratified cluster sampling method was adopted in the survey. 83 poverty countries and 74,900 families were involved in the survey and four hundred thousands data were obtained by home visiting. The results showed that the coverage of rural latrines, sanitary latrines and safe night-soil disposal in the surveyed regions had reached 90.0%, 6.0% and 25.0% of populations respectively. The coverage of safe-drinking water was 57.6% of homes and no adequate supply of drinking water was 13.2% of homes; Many responders in the survey did not have the knowledge related to intestinal infectious diseases. There were 42.3% of them not knowing that night-soil was the source of infectious diseases, 56.2% of them not knowing that fly could spread infectious diseases and 70.0%-82.7% of them not knowing the ways of spreading intestinal infectious disease.

China↗
PubMed1998

Expression of germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF/RTR) during spermatogenesis.

Germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF/RTR), a novel orphan receptor in the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors, is expressed predominantly in developing germ cells. In several mammalian species two GCNF/RTR mRNAs are present in the testis, with the smaller 2.3-kb transcript generally expressed at higher levels than the larger 7.4- or 8.0-kb transcript. In both the mouse and rat, the 2.3- and 7.4-kb GCNF/RTR transcripts were detected in isolated spermatogenic cells, but not in Sertoli cells. Expression of these transcripts is differentially regulated, with the larger 7.4-kb mRNA appearing earlier during testicular development. The major 2.3-kb transcript is expressed predominantly in round spermatids in the mouse and rat. In situ hybridization studies in the rat demonstrated that GCNF/RTR transcripts reach maximal steady-state levels in round spermatids at stages VII and VIII of the spermatogenic cycle, and then decline abruptly as spermatids begin to elongate. RNase protection assays were used to predict the 3' termination site of the 2.3-kb transcript. An alternative polyadenylation signal (AGUAAA) was identified just upstream of this termination site. These studies suggest that GCNF/RTR may regulate transcription during spermatogenesis, particularly in round spermatids just prior to the initiation of nuclear elongation and condensation.

Animals↗