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Biomedical subjects

R Andenmatten

Publications and source records attributed to R Andenmatten.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Sophisticated vitreoretinal surgery in patients with a healthy fellow eye. An 11-year retrospective study.

Forty-four patients who had undergone successful vitreoretinal surgery were included in a retrospective study intended to evaluate the real benefit of surgery in each case. All patients presented with a retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy in one eye, the fellow eye being healthy. The number of operations undergone by each patient and the total operating time per patient were carefully recorded. Objective parameters such as visual acuity, visual field and stereoscopic function were monitored. Visual comfort and subjective complaints were graded by means of a questionnaire given to the patients. Any severe event occurring in the fellow eye during the follow-up period was also registered. Sophisticated vitreoretinal surgery in patients with a good fellow eye is useful to the patient if binocular function can be restored at least partially. Correction of unilateral aphakia by a contact lens should not be considered an acceptable solution.

Depth Perception↗
PubMed1992

[Acute anterior uveitis: para-infectious hypothesis in predisposed individuals].

The etiology and the physiopathology of acute anterior uveitis (AAU) is not well understood yet. However, two major predisposing factors have been identified: a bacterial infection especially with gram negative organisms (functioning as a trigger) and a genetic background, in particular the expression of HLA B-27 tissue antigen. We report the case of a young woman returning from travel to the Far East with her partner. Both presented simultaneously a gastrointestinal infection with fever and diarrhea. Despite extensive investigations, the infectious agent was never identified because of early empirical antibiotic therapy. A few days later, the patient developed AAU of a moderate grade in both eyes. HLA B-27 testing was positive for her, but not for her partner. Experimental research, based on a animal model such as endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU), gives us some insight into the possible pathogenic mechanisms of AAU. Footpad injection of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide component of the wall of gram negative), produce an acute anterior uveitis in rats. Extensive histologic analysis of other organs shows that the anterior segment of the eye is the only structure involved. Intensity of inflammation varies in different rat strains, stressing the importance of the genetic background. The similarity of the animal model to AAU will contribute to orient clinical research towards identifying more thoroughly the possible infectious agent at the origin of AAU and possibly to develop a prophylactic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Complications of cataract surgery. Retrospective study of 1,304 cases].

This retrospective study concerns complications arising from 1304 first operations for cataract carried out between 1982 and 1987 by two surgeons having followed the same training and using the same techniques. Loss of vitreous (2.5%) cystoid macular edema (1.9%), and retinal detachement (1.1%) are those complications occurring most frequently in this series. Other serious complications, in descending order, are trauma (0.7%), iris prolaps (0.5%), corneal dystrophy (0.4%), pupillary block (0.3%), expulsive hemorrhage (0.15%), loss of the nucleus in the vitreous (0.07%), panophthalmia (0.07%). Secondary cataract was noted in 31% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Astigmatism in cataract surgery. Retrospective study of 1,304 cases].

We performed a retrospective computerized study of 1304 consecutive cataract extractions, of which 251 were intracapsular and 1053 extracapsular. The analysis of surgically induced astigmatism after a mean follow-up of 22.8 months involved 639 cases. Operations were performed by two experienced surgeons using a similar and standardized technique; however the location of the incision varied without selecting patients: 391 were corneal, 248 limbal. We found that corneal incision gives significantly more against-the-rule astigmatism (average -0.61 dptr) than limbal incision (average -0.32 dptr). The suture induced astigmatism has no determining effect on the final astigmatism (correlation coefficient = 0.011). Selective suture cutting is an interesting technique for an individual dosage of the amount of final astigmatism.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1984

[Methods for testing surface disinfection procedures under current conventional conditions].

A method of testing surface disinfection procedures is described with which the same conditions are maintained as those encountered in practice. The disinfectant is applied to surfaces in a conventional manner at a natural scale. A standardised wet-mopping procedure (two-bucket method) applied to floors of glazed clinker serves as a reference. The test method is quantitative. For comparison the same procedure using water of standardised hardness is used. The test parameters are the reduction of the colony count (CC) both on the surface treated and in the used washing water following certain periods of exposure to the disinfectant. For the suitability test of disinfectants the surface is contaminated with reference strains, Kl. pneumoniae ATCC 27736 and Staph. aureus Wood 46. In some special cases wild strains were used for contamination. When testing surface disinfection under user conditions, the flora settling on the surface used is investigated. The bacterial collector after Thran is employed for the extraction of the germs from the surface. Wet mopping with water of standardised hardness has already reduced the count on the floor of Kl. pneumoniae by 2.8 log on average and the count of Staph. aureus by 2.2 log. By the use of the three types of disinfectants tested the count was additionally reduced by 0.45 to 0.72 log for Kl. pneumoniae and by 1.2 to 2.2 log for Staph. aureus. Even after disinfection a spread of germs can be observed; however, it is slight and corresponds to the spread found after the use of water. After mopping with 17 degrees dH water, practically the total germ count applied is found in the cleaning water. After application of the disinfectant the germ counts for Kl. pneumoniae are reduced by 1.8 to 3.7 log and by 3.1 to 3.7 log for Staph. aureus, depending on the type of disinfectant after an exposition of 5 min in the washing water. With respect to Kl. pneumoniae, reduction of the count continues to amount to 2.7 to 3.8 log after 30 min, so that merely 20 to 30 CFU/100 ml washing water remain. The concentration of the disinfectant mainly influences the reduction of germs in the washing water. Thus the analysis of the washing water constitutes an important parameter for the evaluation of a surface disinfectant. The testing procedure proposed is very flexible as it can be readily adapted to the various disinfection problems and evaluation criteria.

Disinfectants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Temporary silicone oil tamponade and intraocular pressure: an 11-year retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the risk of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) following a temporary silicone oil (SO) tamponade and to study some parameters possibly involved in this hypertension. METHODS: Forty-four patients with retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) were treated by vitreoretinal surgery and SO tamponade. One to 11 years after SO removal, they underwent full ophthalmic examination. All these patients had a healthy, non-operated, normotensive fellow eye. RESULTS: Six (14%) of 44 eyes had IOP higher than 20 mmHg. Five other eyes (11%) had their IOP controlled by beta blockers. Phakic and pseudophakic eyes had a very limited tendency to develop ocular hypertension and anyway responded well to beta blockers. Residual SO droplets in the eye after removal of the big bubble of SO disappeared exponentially with a mean disappearance time of three years. Eyes with residual SO were no more prone to ocular hypertension than those without (p > 0.50). No association was found between IOP and duration of SO tamponade (r = 0.13) or between IOP and flare (r = 0.14). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the risk of developing ocular hypertension after a temporary SO tamponade is moderate. No satisfactory explanation could be found for this increase of IOP.

Drainage↗