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Biomedical subjects

R Breckle

Publications and source records attributed to R Breckle.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Current uses of ultrasound in obstetrics.

We have reviewed the current uses of ultrasound in obstetrics. The referring physician must have a clear understanding of the limitations and potential of obstetric ultrasound. The reason for requesting a particular examination should be conveyed to the ultrasonographer. Accurate dating of a particular pregnancy requires an early ultrasonic examination, preferably of the crown-rump length or at least serial BPD measurements so that the growth-adjusted sonographic age can be determined. Placental localization, if the cervical os is encroached upon, is often difficult and may require several scans during the development of the lower uterine segment. The evaluation of fetal growth and assessment of fetal well-being require an in-depth ultrasonic study. A systematic survey of each fetal organ system is necessary to rule out the plethora of anomalies that can now be demonstrated ultrasonically.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1983

Grade 3 placentation: incidence and neonatal outcome.

Although ultrasonically detectable placental changes have been correlated with fetal maturity, the relative incidence of each placental grade at various gestational ages has not been known. During a one-year study period, placental grading was evaluated in 1709 scans performed at 27 weeks' gestation or after. At 40 weeks' gestation or beyond, only about 20% of placentas had extensive calcification (Grannum grade 3). Significant placental calcification was rarely seen before 37 weeks' gestation. Placental grading could not be used to predict postmaturity. The incidence of fetal distress in labor was found to be increased with postmaturity as well as with other pregnancy complications that give rise to premature placental senescence, rather than with grade 3 placentas per se.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasonic evidence for luteinization of unruptured preovulatory follicles.

Luteinization of an unruptured ovarian follicle has been reported as a cause of infertility and has heretofore been diagnosed only by direct visualization of the ovarian surface. Four patients who demonstrated defects in ovulation requiring therapy to induce ovulation and who were not achieving desired conception despite apparently adequate treatment were studied with serial pelvic ultrasonic examinations for 17 cycles. Luteinization, characterized by the loss of a clear demarcation of the follicular cyst wall and the presence of intrafollicular echoes, was suspected in each of these cycles by the absence of ultrasonic signs of ovulation--that is, a rapid decrease in follicular size and the appearance of free fluid in the cul-de-sac. Histologic confirmation of a persistent luteinized cyst is presented.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of three methods for estimating fetal weight.

Three ultrasonic methods for estimating fetal weight (Campbell, Warsof, and Shepard) were compared in 124 singleton pregnancies. Fetal abdominal circumference was obtained by use of a map measurer and from diameter measurements and the equation for the circumference of a circle. Campbell's formula for estimating fetal weight was superior between 2,000 and 4,000 g, whereas Shepard's method was slightly better below 2,000 g and over 4,000 g. Hence, varied fetal anthropometric characteristics make it mandatory that several methods be evaluated by each institution before one is selected. With the methods of Campbell and Shepard, use of diameter measurements and the equation for the circumference of a circle resulted in a more accurate estimated fetal weight than when a map measurer was used.

Adult↗