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Biomedical subjects

R Bugat

Publications and source records attributed to R Bugat.

142 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[The half-life of iodine 131-labelled fibrinogen in cancer patients. Effects of heparin].

Sixty nine patients suffering from malignant tumours at different stages of their development underwent a kinetic study of fibrinogen 131I with external counting over the tumour and a study of haemostasis including P.D.F. The 1/2 T of fibrinogen 131I is shortened: 2.52 +/- 0.09 days (normal: 3.89 +/- 0.11 days.) The abnormality is proportional to serum P.D.F. levels (r=0.99). External counting demonstrated the uptake of labelled fibrinogen in the tumour. Heparine (15000 U/24h) restores the 1/2 T of fibrinogen to normal in 95 p. cent of cases. The results suggest the existence of a localised compensated intravascular coagulation process inside the tumour. Possible consequences of that phenomenon are discussed.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1976

[Localization of HBsAg, immunoglobulins, fibrin and C3 in the liver by direct immunoflourescence].

Liver biopsies of sixty patients with different forms of hepatitis and ten control subjects without hepatic disorders were examined by means of direct immunofluorescent methods for the HBsAg, immunoglobulins, fibrin and C3. The presence of fluorescent particles of HBsAg in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes were correlated with the presence of HBsAg in the serum. The fluorescence did not seem specific of histological stage of hepatitis. Immunoglobulins and fibrin were often demonstrated in hepatic sinusoids, especially in chronic aggressive hepatitis. In contrast, C3 is rarely observed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1976

Gastric mucosal lesions produced by intravenous infusion of aspirin in cats.

Aspirin was given by continuous intravenous infusion to 35 intact cats for 7 days in doses ranging from 25 to 200 mg kg-1 day-1. Gastric mucosal lesions occurred in 50 to 70% of the animals in the various dosage groups, including deep ulcers in 20%. All of the ulcers were in antral mucosa near its border with oxyntic mucosa. The incidence of lesions, including ulcers, showed no apparent relation to the dose of aspirin. With all but the highest dose, plasma salicylate levels were within or below what is regarded as the therapeutic range for man. Asprin, 100 mg kg-1 day-1, was given for 7 days to 4 cats with pouches containing all of the antral mucosa plus some oxyntic mucosa. One or more deep ulcers occurred in the antral mucosa of the pouches in each of these 4 cats. The electrical potential difference across the mucosa did not decrease, and net fluxes of hydrogen ions out of the pouch and of sodium ions into the pouch did not increase during the 7 days of aspirin administration despite the occurrence of ulcers in the pouches. It is concluded that intravenous aspirin, in doses giving plasma levels within or below the therapeutic range for man, causes gastric mucosal lesions including deep ulcers within 7 days in cats. These lesions occur without the changes in electrical potential difference and hydrogen and sodium fluxes that are regarded as characteristic of the "broken barrier."

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Detection of a circulating gastric secretagogue in plasma extracts from normogastrinemic patients with acid hypersecretion.

Extracts were prepared from plasma of 12 subjects with normal serum gastrin concentration (less than 125 pg/ml), 5 normal subjects and 7 patients with duodenal ulcer and basal gastric acid hypersecretion (greater than 15 mEg/hr). Bioassays of plasma extracts were performed in anesthetized rats with perfused stomachs and acid out-puts were compared with those produced by normal saline and by 50 ng pentagastrin given in random order. Compared with saline, plasma extracts from 5 of 7 hypersecretor patients produced significant stimulation of acid secretion while none of the extracts from normal subjects produced acid stimulation. The stimulant identified in plasma from hypersecretor patients appears to be distinct from gastrin.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pre-operative radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment in rectal cancer.

From January, 1975 to December, 1987, 241 patients with rectal cancer underwent pre-operative irradiation and surgical resection. The radiation was delivered with 25 MeV photons, 5 days per week by 2.4 grays fractions up to a total dose of 36 grays. Surgery was curative in 195 patients; 57% had abdomino-perineal resection. Irradiation had to be discontinued in 3 patients and 4 patients subsequently developed severe acute ileitis. Postoperative mortality rate was 2.9%. The most frequent postoperative complications were delayed healing of abdominal wounds (18%) and perineal wounds (14%). Severe late complications occurred in 27 (13%) patients. The incidence of intestinal obstruction was 5%. Follow-up survivors ranged from 18 months to 13 years. Local failure occurred in 24 (12%) of the 195 patients. Local failure rates were 10% for Dukes' A tumors, 11.6% for Dukes' B, and 22.7% for Dukes' C tumors. Five and 10 year actuarial survival rates after curative surgery were 70% and 52%. The Dukes' classification was the only factor that influenced survival.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CPT-11 (irinotecan) in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the Western World. Although 50% of patients are cured by surgery alone, the outcome is poor in high-risk patients (Dukes stages B2 and C) despite adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based regimens. CPT-11 (irinotecan) is a promising new agent for the treatment of colorectal cancer with a unique mechanism of action. CPT-11 is a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, which has not demonstrated susceptibility to the P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug-resistant phenotype. Phase II studies with CPT-11 have demonstrated definite activity against colorectal cancer in both chemotherapy-naive and pretreated patients (response rates of 15-32% observed) even with clinical evidence of resistance to 5-FU. The response rate appears to be consistent, reproducible and equivalent to that achieved with 5-FU plus folinic acid in chemotherapy-naive patients.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intraperitoneal high dose chemotherapy as consolidation treatment for advanced ovarian carcinoma: a pilot study].

Consolidation treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma, especially the place of intraperitoneal chemotherapy, remains a controversial subject. From January 1988 to July 1995, 39 patients, median age 54 years, received intraperitoneal chemotherapy as consolidation treatment after second-look surgery. At the time of intraperitoneal chemotherapy, 30 patients had no residual disease. Intraperitoneal drug administration used a Tenckoff catheter or a lumbar needle. Treatment combined 5 fluorouracil 1 g/m2 and cisplatin 200 mg/m2, associated with a systemic sodium thiosulfate rescue as nephroprotector. A pharmacological analysis was done for 9 patients: the exposure of peritoneal cavity to cisplatin exceeded that of the plasma by 11 fold. Hematologic and nephrologic toxicity were acceptable. The median follow-up is 43 months. The disease free survival is 36,6 months, but 48,5 months if no residual disease at the time of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Consolidation treatment by intense intraperitoneal chemotherapy is a feasible approach and might be beneficial in chemosensitive patients devoid of macroscopic remnants, but must be compared with others approaches.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adverse effects of anticancer drugs: apropos of a pharmacovigilance study at a specialized oncology institution].

We investigated the frequency of ADRs occurring during one year (1995) in a French regional cancer institute. Patients with at least one ADR leading to or occurring during hospitalization in the institute were identified by searching diagnosis codes potentially related to an adverse drug reaction in the hospital medical database of the PMSI (Programme de médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information). We found 435 hospitalizations relative to 285 patients (6.2 per cent of the whole population of inpatients in 1995 and 3.1 per cent of stays in 1995). The total cost to treat ADRs was 1.7 per cent of the total budget of the hospital with a median cost of 8517 francs (mean cost: 13,271 +/- 15,330 francs). The highest cost was due to medical staff, blood transfusions, and anti-infectious drugs, despite the use of prophylactic agents. These results emphasize the high incidence and excess costs of ADRs related to anticancer chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pelvic recurrence after abdomino-perineal resection for carcinoma of the rectum (author's transl)].

The clinical features of pelvic recurrence in a series of 52 patients who underwent abdomino-perineal excision for carcinoma of the rectum are described. About 80% of these recurrences occurred within 2 years after surgical treatment. Low level of tumor in the rectum, local spreading into peri-rectal fat or serosa, lymph node involvement are factors related to high incidence of local recurrence. The bad prognosis of this pattern of failure leads to suggest that radiotherapy be given a trail as an adjuvant method of treatment to conventional surgical approach.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Plasma and tissues distribution of misonidazole (RO 07-0582) in the rat bearing a chimio induced tumor (author's transl)].

1. The hypoxic cell-radiosensitizing drug misonidazole or 2 nitro imidazole was administered by intraperitoneal way at a dose of 25 mg/100 g to Wistar rats bearing a chimio-induced sarcoma. Drug plasma and tissues concentrations were determined by HPLC analysis. The diffusion of the drug in different tissues and tumor was very short: plasmatic and tissular peak levels were obtained 10 to 30 min. after injection. 2. Misonidazole concentrations in muscle, brain, tumor, liver and kidney were 50%, 47%, 36%, 9% and 13% of plasma level. No significative difference of the drug concentration were observed between the center and the outside zone of the tumor. 3. However, half-life of misonidazole in the center of tumor was much shorter than in the outside of the tumor, demonstrating its radiosensitizing properties.

Animals↗