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Biomedical subjects

R C Ablow

Publications and source records attributed to R C Ablow.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Ultrasonic detection of osteomyelitis. Pathologic correlation in an animal model.

The authors correlated sonographic findings with histologic findings in a rabbit model of osteomyelitis. Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis was induced in the femora of 11 New Zealand white rabbits. The opposite leg was used as a control. Sonographic findings showed fluid adjacent to the bone in 11 cases. The fluid was believed to be an inflammatory exudate, and its presence suggested osteomyelitis. Pathologic analysis showed extraperiosteal purulent fluid adjacent to the cortex as well as histopathologic changes of osteomyelitis in the 11 rabbits. There was one false-positive sonographic diagnosis of osteomyelitis in a rabbit that had a soft tissue abscess adjacent to the cortex.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Osteomyelitis: detection with US.

To evaluate the role of ultrasound (US) in the detection of osteomyelitis, the authors prospectively studied 48 patients clinically suspected of having osteomyelitis. A sonographic diagnosis was made if fluid was seen directly in contact with bone, without intervening soft tissues. Twelve of the 48 patients were subsequently found to have osteomyelitis. In 10 of them, US demonstrated abnormal fluid adjacent to the bone. This fluid was thought to represent an inflammatory exudate dissecting in a subperiosteal and/or extraperiosteal location. Eight of the 48 patients had soft-tissue fluid collections. The rest of the patients either had no abnormalities or had cellulitis. The authors conclude that US can be useful in the detection of osteomyelitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Febrile infants less than 3 months old: value of chest radiography.

In the febrile infant less than 3 months old, a chest radiograph is commonly obtained to identify the cause of the fever. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the necessity of obtaining chest radiographs in this population. The clinical records and chest radiographs of 192 febrile infants (greater than 100.5 degrees F, rectal) were reviewed. Nineteen patients had signs of respiratory distress; seven had positive findings on chest radiographs. Of the 173 patients without signs of respiratory distress, five had positive findings on chest radiographs. When chest radiography was considered the gold standard for the presence or absence of pneumonia, findings of respiratory distress on physical examination had a sensitivity of 58% and a specificity of 93% for the detection of pneumonia. The prevalence of positive findings on chest radiographs in febrile infants less than 3 months old was 6%. A chest radiograph should be obtained in febrile infants only when signs of respiratory distress are present.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Osteomyelitis: detection with US. Work in progress.

Ten patients with clinically suspected osteomyelitis were studied with ultrasound (US). Five patients had abnormalities detectable on sonograms. An abnormal fluid collection was demonstrated adjacent to the bone in three of these five. US-guided aspiration of the fluid in two of the three patients revealed purulent or infected fluid that was thought to represent an inflammatory exudate dissecting in a subperiosteal or extraperiosteal location. Findings from subsequent radiographic and scintigraphic studies confirmed the diagnosis of osteomyelitis in these three patients. The other two patients with abnormal sonographic results had collections of fluid that were separated from the bone by a variable amount of soft tissue. These collections were confined to the soft tissue and did not appear to arise from the bone. Aspiration revealed a soft-tissue abscess in one patient and a seroma in the second. Findings in this preliminary study suggest that fluid around the bone seen on sonograms may indicate acute osteomyelitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Clinical trial of digital teleradiology in the practice of emergency room radiology.

The application of digital teleradiology (DTR) to radiologic examinations performed in the emergency room was evaluated. A total of 919 examinations (ten computed tomographic; the rest, radiographic) were transmitted to a radiology resident at another hospital emergency room. The 512 X 512 images were reviewed by an attending radiologist and compared with another attending radiologist's interpretation of the original films. Cases with discrepant interpretations were analyzed. Inadequate DTR image quality was responsible for clinically significant discrepancies in 14 of 897 cases (1.6%) available for follow up. Problem areas such as the detection of pneumothorax and abdominal calcifications were identified. Retransmission of optically zoomed images of areas of concern and repeat radiographs of overpenetrated films are suggested to improve DTR performance.

Emergency Service, Hospital↗
PubMed1979

Complete and partial trisomy of different segments of chromosome 8: case reports and review.

This report describes some of the clinical, chromosomal and radiological findings in three unrelated patients with trisomy 8 mosaicism syndrome (T8ms), two first cousins with trisomy 8q and a patient with trisomy 8p. On the basis of the phenotypic and cytogenetic findings seen in our six patients and those noted in previous reports, we concur with Riccardi & Crandall (1978) that most physical malformations seen in T8ms are associated with trisomy for the long arm of chromosome 8.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

Amelioration of bronchopulmonary dysplasia after vitamin E administration. A preliminary report.

We studied the effect of vitamin E on the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasis in neonates with respiratory-distress syndrome. Twenty infants received vitamin E administered intramuscularly during the acute phase of the syndrome, and 20 infants served as controls. Administration of vitamin E significantly increased the serum vitamin E concentration. Nine vitamin-treated and 13 control patients required supplemental oxygen for longer than 250 hours; all were treated with positive-pressure ventilation and endotracheal continuous distending airway pressure. Six of those 13 controls had x-ray changes consistent with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and four died. None of the nine vitamin-treated patients had changes characteristic of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P = 0.046), and all survived. Administration of vitamin E during the acute phase of the respiratory-distress syndrome appears to modify the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasis.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Radiographic aspects of total parenteral nutrition during infancy.

In a retrospective radiographic study the authors reviewed the position of 82 central venous catheters in 57 consecutive infants receiving total parenteral nutrition between 1972 and 1976. Sixteen of the 82 catheters (19%) were initially not positioned within the superior vena cava and 11 (14%) migrated from a satisfactory position during therapy; peripheral edema, pleural effusion, and vascular thrombosis occurred more frequently in this group than in those infants with the catheter remaining in the superior vena cava. Unusual complications of intersititial pulmonary edema, hydrocephalus, and cardiac arrhythmia were noted in three different patients. An increased incidence of clinical complications is associated with catheter malposition or migration during total parenteral nutritional therapy. Radiographic monitoring with repositioning or removal of a malpositioned catheter may reduce the number of clinical complications.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1978

A case of short rib polydactyly.

A patient with neonatal dwarfism had many characteristics of the Majewski syndrome, except for a cleft lip and abnormalities of internal organs. Absence of these anomalies and presence of more severe pathological changes in bone suggest either a wider spectrum for this disorder or a separate entity.

Dwarfism↗
PubMed1977

The radiographic features of early onset Group B streptococcal neonatal sepsis.

The clinical and radiographic features of 27 newborn infants with early onset Group B streptococcal infection as documented by blood culture have been reviewed. Initial chest radiographs revealed a wide spectrum of patterns. These included changes usually associated with the respiratory distress syndrome, extensive pneumonia, and small infiltrates as well as a normal appearance. Premature birth and a fatal outcome were associated with extensive radiographic changes. At autopsy some of the infants with a radiographic appearance of respiratory distress syndrome had pathologic features of Group B streptococcal infection with no apparent evidence of coexisting respiratory distress syndrome.

Humans↗