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Biomedical subjects

R Choux

Publications and source records attributed to R Choux.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Diagnostic problems posed by inflammatory pseudotumors of the orbit: study of 3 cases].

Orbital inflammatory pseudo-tumor is a rare benign condition not always very well known by pathologists. Clinical characteristics and laboratory data were reviewed in 3 affected patients (one child, two adults). Changes in orbital tissues were described according to various histopathological classifications reported in literature. The authors stressed the difficulties to diagnose such a lesion and to eliminate the possibility of either eosinophilic granuloma or rhabdomyosarcoma in infants. As in most cases the disease responded favourably to steroids and its etiology was unknown. Relapses, bilateralization and bad effect of biopsy should be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Intra-epithelial carcinoma of the pancreas. Study of a case and review of the literature].

The authors report the case of a 74 year-old woman who was hospitalized for severe abdominal pain. The patient had epigastralgia for many years. Biology revealed hyperamylasemia and computerized tomodensitometry showed that the pancreas head was enlarged. At retrograde wirsungography a short stenosis was visible in the pancreatic duct, 2 cm from the papilla. This was considered to be a tumor and surgery was performed. Histological sections of the pancreatic head showed strictly intraductal carcinoma "de novo" or associated with ductal epithelial hyperplasia. Although very rare, in situ carcinoma should be considered when clinical features are unexplained in order to perform radical surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Primary lymphoma of the brain associated with AIDS. A study of one case.

A typical case of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been clinically and morphologically studied. This homosexual man whose past history was significant for i.v. drug abuse and sexually transmitted infection presented several opportunistic infections with a profound impairment of cell-mediated immunity. Autopsy showed an intense lymphoid depletion, CMV-generalized infection, and a primary large cell immunoblastic lymphoma of the brain. The present case is discussed in the light of recent literature.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Fibrinolytic activity in experimental vascular grafts.

The effects of grafting segments of femoral vein in the dog have been studied. The venous segments, either reversed or left in situ, were interposed in the course of the femoral artery; these 'arterialized grafts' were compared with a segment of vein grafted into the venous stream, with normal femoral artery and vein. Histological changes and alterations in fibrinolytic activity were studied after 15, 30 and 90 days. The two types of arterialized venous graft showed similar aspects: normal endothelium (scanning electron microscopy and F VIII immunofluorescence), marked thickening of the smooth muscle cell layer, disappearance of intimal fibrinolytic activity (Todd's technique, quantified by morphometric analysis), associated with a marked increase of antiplasmin activity (Noordhoek Hegt's technique), increase in the activity of vascular plasminogen activator (measured with chromogenic substrates). The venous grafts in the venous stream showed no changes compared to the normal femoral vein. The proliferation of smooth muscle cells following exposure of a segment of vein to arterial conditions appears to be associated with increased synthesis of both an inhibitor of fibrinolysis (antiplasmin), and of vascular plasminogen activator. The contribution of these two factors to the development of the morphological changes in the vessel requires further study.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Pseudomyxoma peritonei: a case with multiple metastases. Ultrastructural study and chemical analysis of the mucoid substance].

A patient with spreading pseudomyxoma peritonei probably caused by a tumor of the appendix showing suggestive clinical features is presented. The long evolution was marked by the discovery of gelatinous substance in the stools and in the lumen of the gut, and the appearance of distant metastasis in the lungs, adrenal glands and lymph nodes. Histochemical studies showed that periodic Shiff acid and Alcian blue were fixed by the mucoid substance. The use of toluidin blue (pH 1) revealed metachromosia. Electron microscopy ascertained the presence of enterocytes and mucous cells and revealed a more obvious nuclear disorganisation than by histological microscopy. Biochemical study showed that the mucoid substance extracted from the pseudomyxoma was rich in carbohydrates and could be identified as a mucin on the basis of the composition of its monosaccarides and of the alkali-lability of its glycanprotein linkages. The mucin was weakly hydrolysed by trypsin in vitro but was deeply attacked by the same enzyme after desialylation. These results: a) confirm the possibility of observing spreading distant metastasis in the pseudomyxoma peritonei; b) underline the potential interest of electron microscopic study in case of wavering diagnosis; c) show that the mucoid substance belongs to the group of neutral sulfomucins; d) legitimate, in the future, a trial of palliative treatment by neuraminidase in such cases.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Morphologic study of different types of venous grafts. Correlation trial with parietal fibrinolytic activity].

In this experimental work, morphological aspects of different vein grafts were studied using both light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The correlation was made with their fibrinolytic activity ; 21 dogs were operated on under general anaesthesia ; "venous grafts" (perfusion of the vascular segments with venous blood) were performed by excision of the femoral vein with reanastomosis at the same site (protocol P1). "Arterialised grafts" (perfusion of a segment of vein with arterial blood at arterial pressure) were performed according to two protocols : P2 in which a segment of femoral artery was replaced with a segment of reversed femoral vein ; P3 in which a segment of femoral artery was by passed with the femoral vein left in situ after destroying the valves using a Fogarty balloon without damage of the intima. The factors affected by surgery are, therefore, disconnection of the vasa vasorum by excision of the vessel in protocols P1 and P2 and increased oxygenation and luminal pressure in protocols P2 and P3. In all the cases, endothelial cells retained the morphological characteristics of venous endothelium. However, the vein grafts in the arterial circulation were thickened and the fibrinolytic activity was changed. Pathogenic mechanisms of these changes are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Liposarcoma of the pancreas. Study of a case including ultrastructure].

The authors report a case of polymorphous liposarcoma situated in the pancreas. Ultrastructural study of proliferation demonstrated two cell contingents which appeared to represent stages of varied differentiation in the elaboration of adipose cells. The marked preponderance in the case studied of clear and little organised cells would appear to justify the histological classification of the polymorphous liposarcoma as a relatively undifferentiated tumour. Furthermore, this study emphasised the value of electron microscopy in the diagnosis of neoplasms which are complex from a morphological standpoint.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Thoracoscopy in pleural mesothelioma. Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic interest (author's transl)].

Thoracoscopy with a single opening was carried out under general anesthesia with a cold light thoracoscope of 7 mm in diameter. Biopsies were taken under visual control for optical and electron microscopic examination. In a series of 40 mesotheliomas, 30 patients with pleural effusion underwent 36 thoracoscopies. In 29 patients the macroscopic lesions were compatible with the diagnosis of mesothelioma. The most specific aspects consisted in white-yellowish nodules, almost translucent, arising from the parietal pleura (9 patients). Another typical pattern, a dense pleural thickening, was found in 10 patients. In the remaining patients, the lesions observed were less specific. The biopsy was positive in 35/36 thoracoscopies (97%). A talc poudrage was carried out in 10 patients: their mean survival was 458 days. In ten matched mesothelioma patients who underwent pleurectomy the mean survival was only 395 days. In 12 patients at an early stage, the visceral pleura was not involved by the tumor: their mean survival was 636 days. In 11 patients both parietal and visceral pleura were involved by the tumor: their mean survival was 138 days: (p less than 0,001). It is concluded that in mesothelioma pleural effusions, thoracoscopy is a safe and efficient procedure in order to reach a precise diagnosis, prognosis and efficient palliative treatment of the effusion.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

[Ultrastructural study of meningiothelial meningioma with 'hyaline inclusions' (author's transl)].

One case of meningiothelial meningioma with "hyaline inclusions" (colloid-bodies or pseudopsammomas) as noted by Cushing and Eisenhardt (1938) and by Kepes (1961-1975) is reported by light and electron microscopy. Two types of these structures, either homogeneous or polymorphic, surrounded by microvilli are described and regarded as signs of secretory differentiation of tumor cells. In addition to Kepes' description, the authors show, at high magnification, the polymorphic material including homogeneous component, lamellar structures, microvesicles and dense bodies. The endocellular overproduction of the various types of "hyaline inclusions" and the nature of their material are discussed.

Female↗