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Biomedical subjects

R Derache

Publications and source records attributed to R Derache.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Influence of the amount of lipid calories in the diet on the nutritional effects of oxythioquinox in the rat].

The effects of oxythioquinox (200 mg/kg fresh food for 30 days) on the growth, feeding, body composition and weight of various organs were studied in rats receiving isocaloric diets containing varying amounts of alimentary lipid (3, 18, 35 and 49%). With the exception of the liver, the kidneys and the ratio of ingested protein/gain in body proteins, which increased, all the investigated parameters showed a significant decrease under the effect of oxythioquinox. Since the various diets were isocaloric and the ratio total calories/proteins (g) was constant, no effects directly due to the level of lipid were seen on the parameters studied except the weight of the caecum which decreased. The interactions observed mirror an antagonism between the effects of the lipids and those of oxythioquinox.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Liver enlargement induced by oxythioquinox: effect of the fat content of the diet (author's transl)].

The relationship between the level of lipid calories in the diet and the effects of oxythioquinox, administered at 200 mg/kg fresh food, for 35 days, was studied on the liver enlargment of rat. The results show that the level lipid calories itself have no effect since, in the treated animals, the liver enlargement is due part to an increase of the water content and part to an increase of the size of the cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of nitrites and nitrates on irrigation and secretion of gastric mucosa in rat.

An aspect of the vasomotor effect of nitrites and nitrates was studied by investigating the influence of these substances on the mucosal blood flow and hence on gastric secretion in the rat. Firstly, point measurements were obtained using an aminopyrine clearance technique after intravenous nitrite and nitrate treatment. Then with an appreciably different technique (14C-aniline clearance on perfused stomach) the kinetics of the phenomenon were followed after, firstly, intravenous administration of the two agents and secondly their intragastric administration. It is interesting to note that nitrites and nitrates are active to differing degrees and present opposing effects: nitrites decrease whereas nitrates globally enhance the factors under consideration (gastric mucosal blood flow, gastric juice volume, acory effect and cuase no modification on intragastric administration. The flow rate-gastric parameter correlations are significant in all cases and show modifications of the aqueous compartments of the body.

Aminopyrine↗
PubMed1979

Toxicity of oxythioquinox in relation to the fat content of the diet: study of the metabolic activity of rat intestinal epithelium.

The relationship between the level of lipid calories in the diet and the effects of oxythioquinox, administered for 30 days at 200 mg/kg fresh food, was studied on the metabolism of enterocytes. The results show that the QO2, the QG and the QL of the enterocytes drop both, with the level of lipid intake and with the presence of oxythioquinox. The (Na+ + K+) ATPase, Mg+ +ATPase and arylamidase activities of a homogenate of enterocytes all increase both with the level of alimentary lipids and with the presence of oxythioquinox, the effect of oxythioquinox being potentialized by the lipids. Alkaline phosphatase was found to be the only enzyme to be inhibited in the treated animals and the lipid-oxythioquinox interaction moves in the direction of a decrease in this inhibition. For most of the investigated parameters, because of the interaction, as the level of lipid calories increases, the toxicity of oxythioquinox becomes noticeably modified.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1979

[Absorption kinetics of nitrate and nitrite in the intestine of rats (author's transl)].

In situ perfusions into the small intestine of rats showed the absorption kinetics of nitrate and nitrite. This absorption is important since the rate rises to 50% for nitrates and 80% for nitrites in our experimental conditions. These compounds are excreted in the biliary secretion and, with the nitrate perfusions, nitrite appearance in the perfusion medium indicates some reduction potentiality either in the liver or in the entero-cells. These results are all the more interesting as men daily ingest nitrates and nitrites with many foods.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of blockade or stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system on the blood clearance kinetics of the anticholinesterase insecticide carbaryl in the rat].

The blood clearances of 14C-carbaryl and colloïdal carbon were studied in Rats with reticuloendothelial system (RES) inhibited or activated, and in control Rats. A correlation was established between the blood clearance kinetics of carbon particles and carbaryl; such data support the concept of the contribution of the RES in the disappearance of carbaryl from the circulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Experimental inflammation after subchronic treatment with Nabam in the rat].

Inflammatory response to turpentine-induced granuloma components was studied in rats receiving 100 ppm Nabam (N,N'--ethylene--bis)dithiocarbamate) disodium) with food for one month. Results of nutritional, clinical and histopathological studies showed no modification. However, administration of Nabam modified the amounts of various mucopolysaccharides, which are important components of the inflammatory response; the amounts of total mucopolysaccharides, glucuronic acid mucopolysaccharides and sialic acid mucopolysaccharides were obviously lowered in treated animals, a symptom of impairment of the inflammatory response. When most classical means of investigation provide only little information, this test could allow toxicologists and nutritionists to evaluate the organisms reactivity to insidious toxic aggression.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[A placental transfer study of a pesticidal carbamate (sevin) in the rat (author's transl)].

After a single administration per os of a widely active carbamate pesticide : 1-naphthyl-N-methyl14C-carbamate (carbaryl) to the female rat on 19th day of pregnancy, 14C can be found into each foetus, as in placenta and amniotic fluid. This 14C activity, of important value compared to the one encountered into maternal organs, increases with time and reaches for each foetus 0,4% of the total activity given to the mother three days before. This activity's augmentation seems to be related to body-weight increment of great magnitude during the last period of pregnancy.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1978

[Dietary protein levels, and experimental inflammation in the rat].

The inflammatory response was studied using the contents (mucopolysaccharides and collagen of granuloma induced by turpentine in rats fed for 28 days after weaning), with semi-synthetic, isocaloric diets containing 0, 3.5, 9, 26 or 81% protein in the form of casein or with a laboratory chow. When the wet and dry weights and the water content of the granuloma are expressed in absolute values they show a substantial drop when the protein intake is low or excessive. If however the wet weight of the granuloma is expressed per 100 g of body weight, the differences become no longer significant, hence the importance of the nutritional state of the animal at the time of investigation. Using this test of the anti-inflammatory action of substances, it is necessary to differenciate between actual anti-inflammatory action and direct or secondary effects of the substance on the growth and behaviour of the animal. The levels of mucopolysaccharide drop in rats fed on hypo or hyper-proteinic diets, this would seem to be a sign of the decrease in the intensity of the anti-inflammatory response. What is more, the collagen itself undergoes modifications; there is a shift towards greater solubility of the fractions which would seem to indicate that a drop or a increase in the protein intake brings about a change in the processes of reticulation and maturation of the collagen; several hypothesis can be put forward to explain this phenomenon.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Toxicity of the pesticide nabam as a function of dietary protein content in the rat].

With the object of studying a possible toxical potentialization between a food pollutent and the diet compoundings, rats fed on a diet with variable protein amounts, were administered a pesticide belonging to the Dithiocarbamate family : Nabam. Animals have been fed for 28 days after they have been weaned with diets containing 0-3.5 - 9 - 26 and 81% proteins in casein form. DL50 is significantly lowered in rats fed 0 - 3,5 and 81% protein diets compared with DL50 estimations in rats normally fed. Toxical clinical signs are fundamentally the same ones in all rats of the six groups : stimulation followed by a depression of the central nervous system, severe inflammation of the gastro-intestinal tractus, significant renal necroses. The intertime between poisoning and death seems not to be influenced by the diet protein amounts and is only due to the Nabam dose.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Nutritional and toxicological impacts of administered inorganic tin for six months in rats (author's transl)].

An experimentation of intoxication by stannous chloride has been realized in the rat. Two groups of animals have been fed ad libitum, during six months, with a diet containing respectively 0,4 and 0,8 g of tin (SnCl2) for 100 g of dry food. By gamma radioactivity measurements (with 113Sn used as a tracer), it results that this metal does not practically clear the digestive barrier. All the treated animals are characterized by a ponderal evolution obviously lower than temoins. At the end of treatment, tin entails a significative diminution of hematocrit, hemoglobin and serous iron, particularly at the highest dose studied. The essential impact remains that tin induces a total irritation of gastro-intestinal tract, proved by histological investigations.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of morestan and other substituted quinoxalines on the activities of various rat hepatic mixed-function oxidases.

Morestan (6-methyl-2,3-quinoxalinedithiol cyclic-S,S carbonate) and two of its metabolites: methyl-2,3-quinoxalinedithiol and 6-methyl-2,3-quinoxalinedihydroxy were administered to male and female rats by intraperitoneal route for 4 consecutive days (50 mg/kg/daily). Morestan was also administered by esophageal intubation for 4 days at the dose of 75 mg/kg/daily. After evaluating the pentobarbital sleeping time in the animals on the 5th day, aminopyrine N-demethylase, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase and aromatic aniline hyroxylase activities and levels of cytochrome P450, proteins and RNA were measured in the microsomal hepatic fraction. Protein and nucleic acid levels were also measured in whole liver. The 3 substances studied caused considerable decreases in activity of certain microsomal enzymes: morestan inhibits some hepatic mixed-function oxidase systems; in females it is more active by peroral administration, and in males by intraperitoneal route. However, 6-methyl-2,3-quinoxalinedithiol is an even more powerful inhibitor of monooxygenase activities both in males and females. 6-methyl-2,3-quinoxalinedihydroxy also decreases activity by microsomal enzymes, but its action is inferior to that of the other two products investigated.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

[Nutritional and toxicological study of rats fed a diet containing tin (author's transl)].

A toxicological, nutritional and histological study of rats on a diet containing 0.5 g of tin (Sn Cl2) per 100 g of dry food for one month has been made. By gamma radioactivity measurements (with 113Sn used as a tracer) it is shown that this metal does not practically clear the digestive barrier. Otherwise the classical coefficients of nitrogen nutrition and the urinary parameters (volume, glucose, pH) are not influenced; but the growth of treated animals is obviously slower than control animals because of their reduced ingestion of food. Moreover after one month of treatment a marked anaemia results since the hematocrit and hemoglobin levels are perceptibly reduced. Lastly the histological investigations give evidence of notable irritation of the total gastrointestinal tract. This study, as that of many authors, raises the question of present permissible levels of tin (up to 250 ppm) in foods.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1977

Dietary effects on inhibition of rat hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes by a pesticide (Morestan).

Female rats were fed for 21 days on 5 semi-synthetic diets containing 8 or 30% proteins, 1 or 25% lipids respectively, the control animals being given a diet containing 20% proteins and 5% lipids. The animals on each diet were then subdivided into two subgroups and on the 22nd, 23rd, 24th and 25th days were given an oral dose of 75 mg/kg of Morestan in solution in peanut oil (PO) or a dose of oil only. The microsomes were prepared 24 h after the last administration and aniline aromatic hydroxylase, aminopyrine and N-methylaniline N-demethylase activities and cytochrome P-450, protein and RNA levels were measured. Whatever the diet, Morestan inhibited N-demethylase activities and decreased the cytochrome P-450 level; liver protein and RNA levels and microsomal RNA level increased. The 25% lipid diet alone increased activity of the three enzymes studied, without modifying the cytochrome P-450 level; Morestan produced antagonism of this effect in the rats on this diet. The decreased cytochrome P-450 level caused by Morestan was higher in animals on the 8% protein diet.

Animals↗