PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Günther

Publications and source records attributed to R Günther.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Technic of real-time ultrasonic examination of the adrenal glands and adrenal gland tumors].

A prospective examination was carried out to determine the optimum technique for demonstrating the adrenal glands; there were 60 normal persons, 16 with small adrenal tumours (average size 13 mm.) and 10 with large adrenal tumours (average size 38 mm.). A normal adrenal gland was identified only once amongst the 60 patients as a hypoechoic structure. Fifteen of the 16 small, and eight of nine large tumours could be demonstrated sonographically. An intercostal approach was particularly suitable for showing the suprarenal region and for small tumours. Large tumours could be shown by a ventral, lateral or dorsal approach.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

[Transabdominal CT-guided sympathectomy].

A new technique for lumbar sympathectomy is described. It consists of CT-guided trans-abdominal fine needle puncture and injection of alcohol. The technique is simple and well tolerated by the patient, and it permits accurate application of the alcohol. Complications have so far not been observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Myelolipoma of the adrenal gland].

Myelolipoma is a benign, rare and hormone-inactive tumour of the adrenal gland. Only symptomatic or large myelolipomas have to be removed. CT enables diagnosis with a high degree of safety and accuracy.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnosis of thoracic aortic aneurysms with 2-dimensional echography].

Eight patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms were investigated by angiography, computed tomography and two-dimensional echography. According to results of computed tomography or angiography six patients had a dissecting aortic aneurysm (five patients type 1 and one patient type 3 according to DeBakey) and two patients had a thoracic aortic aneurysm without dissection. In addition, thrombi in the descending aorta were shown in three patients by computed tomography or by angiography. Type and extent of the aneurysms could be evaluated by two-dimensional echography in all patients. Only in one patient could the origin of dissection in the ascending aorta not be localised precisely by echography. In three patients thrombi in the descending aorta could be demonstrated. For assessment of type and extent of the aneurysm the suprasternal approach was superior to precordial, subcostal and apical imaging. Parasternal investigation resulted in echographic demonstration of dissection in only two cases. Two-dimensional echography is a technically less demanding and useful method in the diagnosis of thoracic aortic aneurysms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Current perspectives in the pharmacopsychiatry of depression and mania.

The observation that opiates and endorphins exert euphorogenic effects in normal probands points to a possible involvement of endorphins in different types of affective disorders. There are several powerful arguments that the activation of particular central opiate receptors (e.g. by "opium cure", beta-endorphin, partial agonists, release of endorphins via electroconvulsion) exerts curative effects in endogenous depression. Results from a double-blind investigation of the possible antidepressant action of the opiate partial agonist buprenorphine in patients with endogenous depression revealed a strong antidepressant effect of this substance. A series of anticonvulsants, possibly acting via a GABA-ergic-like mechanism (valproate, dipropylacetamide, carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine), have recently been shown by different groups to possess antimanic and also, partially, antidepressant properties. Furthermore, a synergistic mode of action in the prophylaxis of manic episodes has been observed as concerns valproate and lithium. On the other hand, there is some evidence from both in vitro and in vivo animal experiments that chronic application of lithium results in a modification of the GABA-turnover. The present paper reviews the present state of knowledge concerning the concept of a GABA-dependent regulation of affective states.

Affective Disorders, Psychotic↗
PubMed1983

[Self-retaining loop catheter for percutaneous bile duct drainage].

A percutaneous catheter which can be looped by means of a nylon thread was used in 32 patients for percutaneous biliary drainage. The catheter can be fixed in this way and is thereby prevented from migrating from the biliary system. The catheter is not suitable for proximal obstructions. Problems may arise during the removal of the nylon thread and loss of looping of the point of catheter.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

[CT-guided celiac plexus block with ventral approach].

A modified procedure for infiltrating the coeliac plexus for the treatment of chronic pain syndromes is described. The injection of the analgesic is made through a fine needle introduced via a transabdominal approach under CT guidance. The advantages of this technique, compared with the dorsal approach, are a more accurate placement of the solution and the ability to carry out this procedure in very sick patients. No complications have been observed.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

[Percutaneous transhepatic disintegration of gallstones and fragment extraction].

Attempts at percutaneous removal have been made in 13 patients with solitary and multiple intra- and extra-hepatic biliary duct stones measuring 5 to 30 mm. The stones were fragmented with a Dormia basket and the fragments removed transhepatically. In ten patients the procedure was successful, including one patient with multiple intra-hepatic stones. The procedure can be recommended for cases of calculous obstruction of biliary anastomoses or of stones which could not be removed by endoscopy, or where there is already biliary drainage being carried out, or in patients with a high operative risk. In two patients, dilatation of the papilla was also carried out, in four patients a stenosis was dilated and in a further two patients, dilated and in a further two patients, electro-incision of a stenosis was performed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Sonography in blunt abdominal trauma].

Ultrasonic examination was performed in 79 patients with blunt abdominal trauma, using 3.5 mHz real-time sonography. The examination aimed at clarifying intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal haemorrhage and injury to organs. Sonographic detection of haemorrhage succeeded in 13/13 of spleen ruptures and in one case of a liver rupture. 6 renal traumas were recognised by means of indirect signs and only twice by the direct identification of a band-shaped interruption of the parenchyma. Non-invasive sonography can be employed primarily in place of diagnostic peritoneal lavage for the detection of life-threatening intraperitoneal haemorrhages with an accuracy of more than 90%. Primary diagnosis of the source of haemorrhage is limited to individual cases because of the unfavourable conditions under which examination is performed. In unclear cases essential additional information is supplied by sonographic examination of the course of the disease.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1983

[Results of percutaneous abscess drainage].

Between 1978 and 1983 fifty-two abdominal abscesses in 44 patients were drained percutaneously. 79% of the abscesses occurred as postoperative complications. The overall success rate was 60%, whereas only 42% of left subphrenic abscesses were cured. Complications were encountered in 4.5%. Reasons for drainage failures were: liver sequestration, loculation, fistulae and recurrences. Percutaneous abscess drainage is an alternative, and valuable addition, to surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Intraoperative sonographic localization of insulinomas].

Intraoperative Real-time scanning of the pancreas is described as a method of localizing insulinomas. In 3 cases small but palpable insulinomas are demonstrated as well-defined, incapsulated, hypoechoeic structures in surrounding normal pancreatic tissue. The pancreatic duct and the splenic vessels can be differentiated in the neighbourhood of the tumour. Real-time, high resolution, intraoperative sonography of the pancreas is suggested as a simple adjunct to the methods of intraoperative localization of occult insulinomas.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗