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Biomedical subjects

R Gates

Publications and source records attributed to R Gates.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Memory impairment in multiple sclerosis.

The memory performance of 22 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) subjects and their matched controls was compared on three tasks: a perceptual memory test, a picture recognition test and a verbal recognition test. Results showed that perceptual memory does not suffer as a consequence of MS. Moreover, MS subjects are as sensitive as controls to deep semantic encoding of individual items in a picture recognition task. However, for a verbal recognition task, where a semantic encoding strategy was optional, MS subjects were less likely to report use of a strategy. Those MS subjects who did use a strategy, did more poorly on memory for verbal information than controls. The results suggest a specific inter-item semantic encoding problem in MS.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Preliminary observations on amines and nitrosamines in non-normal human gastric contents.

Gastric contents from fasting humans were pooled and analysed for amines. Volatile amines present were dimethylamine, trimethylamine and histamine; non-volatile amines found were cadaverine, putrescine, ethanolamine and tryptamine. Gastric contents from 35 patients, some before and/or after gastric stimulation with histamine or pentagastrin, were analysed for nitrosamines. N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) (5-30 microgram/kg) was present in four samples, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) (2 microgram/kg) in two samples and N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) (6 microgram/kg) in one sample. pH, nitrite and nitrate determinations were made on some samples. Medical diagnosis of patients could not be correlated with the presence of nitrosamines in the gastric contents.

Amines↗
PubMed1968

Magnesium sulfate interactions in seawater from solubility measurements.

The extent of association between magnesium and sulfate ions was determined in artificial seawater by a solubility technique. About 10 percent of the magnesium ions were found to be associated. This result supersedes the earlier value found in this laboratory and agrees with the results of Garrels and Thompson, Thompson, and Fisher.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outpatient and short-stay thyroid surgery.

With the realization that simple thyroid procedures had a very low rate of complication and that patients often seemed well enough to go home from the recovery room, we began performing them in an ambulatory surgery setting. We review here 134 consecutive thyroid procedures performed at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center between July 1987 and July 1989. Patients undergoing reoperation, neck dissection, sternal splits, or other concomitant procedures were excluded. There were 105 women and 29 men with an average age of 47 years. Fifty percent of the operations were performed for benign disease, although the most common diagnosis was papillary cancer (44%). Twenty-one operations (16%) were performed under local anesthesia. Most patients underwent surgery in our ambulatory surgery unit and 76 were discharged the day of surgery. Of these patients, 21 underwent total thyroidectomy, 13 subtotal thyroidectomy, and 42 simple thyroid lobectomy. Of the 58 patients who were admitted, 53 were discharged on the day following surgery. The average length of stay was 0.49 days. Extensive pre- and postoperative teaching was given regarding the signs and symptoms associated with the complications of thyroid surgery. All patients were felt to be reliable and capable of understanding the procedure and of complying with the postoperative plans. Postoperative complications included 8 patients (6%) with transient hypocalcemia and 1 patient (0.75%) with permanent unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. All complications occurred in patients who underwent total thyroidectomies. No patient had a postoperative complication requiring reoperation or readmission. We conclude that by using specific selection criteria, thyroid lobectomies and subtotal thyroidectomies can be performed safely in an ambulatory surgery setting without increase in morbidity or mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hair-cell numbers continue to increase in the utricular macula of the early posthatch chick.

It is generally assumed that hair-cell numbers do not increase in the vestibular epithelia of postembryonic birds after hatching. However, for the domestic chicken, it is not known when or if hair-cell numbers ever reach a steady state level during life. The numbers of hair cells in the utricular maculae of chickens from embryonic day (E) 7 to posthatch day (PH) 112 were therefore counted directly. Hair-cell numbers increase approximately 15 fold between E7 and PH2, from an average of 1,858/macula at E7 to 27,017 at PH2. Between PH2 and PH112 hair-cell numbers increase by a further 36%, to 36,650/macula. A mathematical description of the increase in hair-cell numbers observed with time predicts a half life of 29.88 days for a utricular hair cell and a steady-state turnover value of 850 hair cells/day by approximately PH60. The patterns of hair and supporting cells in the postembryonic utricular macula were also assessed. The ratios of supporting cells and hair cells, the average number of supporting cells around each hair cell, and the average number of hair cells each supporting cell contacts at PH2, PH16 and approximately 2.5 years of age are not significantly different. In contrast to the mitotically quiescent basilar papilla where all supporting cells contact at least one hair cell, 7.6% of supporting cells in the extrastriolar region of the postembryonic utricular macula do not make apical contact with a hair cell. These results indicate that hair-cell numbers in the utricular macula increase significantly after hatching, and support the concept that contact-mediated inhibition influences the proliferative potential of inner-ear supporting cells.

Acoustic Maculae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

No conferring.

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Ceremonial Behavior↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of residual ascorbate on determination of nitrite in commercial cured meat products.

Residual ascorbate in cured meat slurries results in different amounts of pigment being produced from different Griess reagent combinations. The phenomenon was used to study residual ascorbate in commercial cured meat products which had a variety of textures, acidities, moisture and meat content, fat, homogeneity, initial nitrite, and processing conditions. Diluting and heating the samples according to the AOAC procedure did not completely eliminate the ascorbate interference, but making the sample alkaline did. Determining nitrite separately in supernate and precipitate from the first dilution showed the effect of heating to be the elimination of interferences and solubilization or extraction of nitrite from the precipitate.

Animals↗