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Biomedical subjects

R Giacchi

Publications and source records attributed to R Giacchi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Mechanical trans-sutural colorectal anastomoses in the treatment of rectal cancer].

The Authors report on 52 rectal cancers treated with anterior resection and mechanical anastomosis according to the Knight and Griffen technique. Such technique is quite practical, allows for easier sphincter-saving operations and is followed by a very low percentage of fistulas and anastomotic stenoses. In this series, a good anorectal function was restored in 6-12 months even in very low anastomoses; sexual complications were registered in 8% of cases; urinary troubles were not significant. The Authors conclude that the Knight & Griffen procedure is useful and advantageous.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Carcinoma of the rectum: factors influencing the prognosis.

Three hundred and thirty one patients with cancer of the rectum and rectosigmoid junction, operated on during the period 1968-1985 are here examined. The study shows the prognostic value and the impact that stage, histopathological grade, number and location of nodal metastases, morphology of the primary tumour, occurrence of obstruction, perforation, and haemorrhage have on the natural history of the tumour. Stage and histopathologic grading resulted as the most outstanding prognostic parameters also because they are correlated to the presence, number, and location of nodal metastases as well as occurrence of obstruction, perforation and haemorrhage. The study concludes that: a) stage according to the Dukes-Gabriel classification still has a reliable prognostic predictivity, since it faithfully reflects major anatomic situations observed in rectal cancer; b) Dukes' stage C cases should be considered as a non-homogeneous group with a distinct biological behaviour depending on the number and site of the lymph nodes involved; c) intraoperative staging of the tumour, if possible, should guide the excision extent on a curative aim, where the term means a prospective evaluation based on statistical data correlating stage and survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Adenine and pyridine nucleotides in the red blood cells of subjects with solid tumors.

The concentration of adenine (ATP, ADP, AMP) and pyridine (NADP+, NADPH, NAD+, NADH) nucleotides in the erythrocytes of subjects affected by solid tumors was evaluated using a method which allows their simultaneous extraction and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis. The results showed a lower level of ATP in the erythrocytes of subjects affected by solid tumors, whereas no significant modifications were observed in the other compounds. In fact, the mean value of ATP in these subjects was 27% lower than that of normal adults. This fact is discussed in relation to other enzymatic and metabolic modifications previously observed in red blood cells.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1987

Solid tumors and enzyme activity in human lymphocytes.

A study on the enzyme activity of glucose metabolism in the lymphocytes of patients with solid malignant tumors is reported. The results have shown a 30% mean increase of the hexokinase (HK) activity in patients with solid malignant tumors as compared to the mean value observed in a group of healthy subjects. A relationship between level of HK increase and stage of tumor was also observed. The other examined enzyme activities, phosphofructokinase (PFK), pyruvate-kinase (PK), phosphoglycerate-kinase (PGK), phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI), glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPD) glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD) and enolase did not show significant changes. It is concluded that even though the use of HK as tumor marker cannot be hypothesized at the present time, a significant relation between an increased activity of this enzyme and presence of the tumor is unquestionable. Therefore, this biochemical effect induced away from the neoplastic tissue deserves further study.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Conservative treatment in the clinical stage T1N0 of breast cancer.

A 18-year experience with 643 cases operated for breast cancer is reported. 161 cases belonged to the clinical stage T1N0: 78 underwent modified radical mastectomy (group 1) and 83 underwent conservative surgery (group 2). Conservative treatment consisted in quadrantectomy and axillary dissection of 1st, 2nd and 3rd level with postoperative radiotherapy (5000 rad). Within the two groups the patient's characteristics were homogeneous with juxtaposable curves of overall and disease-free survival after modified radical mastectomy and after conservative surgery. In 15.38% of cases undergoing modified radical mastectomy and in 13.25% of cases undergoing quadrantectomy, histologic examination showed the presence of lymph node metastases (pT1N1) not identified at the clinical examination. The analysis of results showed that early neoplastic recurrence is almost exclusively limited to cases pN1, but the fall in the survival curve it similar in group 1 as well as in group 2. Therefore it should be understood that the prognostic risk is related to positive lymph nodes and not to the chosen treatment. Postoperative complications, irrelevant in group 1, tend to disappear in group 2. The cosmetic result after conservative surgery was excellent in 37.3%, satisfactory in 54.2% and poor in 8.4% of cases, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Doppler velocimetry: first choice diagnostic procedure in angiology.

The experience with 1916 Doppler ultrasound examinations carried out on peripheral vascular districts and supra-aortic trunks is reported. It is underlined that Doppler velocimetry is a reliable, specific and non-invasive technique and therefore it should be considered a first choice examination particularly useful in the study of the development of vascular diseases in the different districts and in the postoperative follow-up.

Angiography↗
PubMed1986

The so-called "carcinoid" tumors of the breast.

The so-called "carcinoid" tumors of the breast are at present a difficult entity to define. Two histopathological features are used to recognize such tumors: argyrophilia and ultrastructural dense-core granules. Eight cases of "carcinoid" tumor of the breast, observed over a 5-year period, with 3.6% incidence over the total of breast cancers recorded during the same period, are reported. All patients were females with a mean age of 55.2 years. Argyrophilia was found in all tumors and dense-core granules were observed in five studied ultrastructurally. No patient had nodal or distant metastases and no carcinoid syndrome was observed. A modified radical mastectomy was performed for tumors over 2.5 cm; in case of smaller tumors the surgical treatment was quadrantectomy with axillary dissection. All patients are alive and disease-free but follow-up is short. As the so-called "carcinoid" tumors of the breast have been only recently identified, additional morphological, immunohistochemical and clinical data are required for a full understanding of their significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Value of total parenteral nutrition after total pancreatectomy].

The authors report 5 cases of Total Pancreatectomy (T.P.) treated with Total Parenteral Nutrition (T.P.N.) in which the non-protein calorie supply consisted of lipids and carbohydrates ("dual energy system"). This form of nutrition, which provided a high energy supply with a reduced glucose intake, prevented the problems associated with hypertonic glucose solutions in the unstable diabetes which follows total pancreatectomy. The authors compared these cases with an earlier series of 11 cases of Total pancreatectomy who were not treated with Total Parenteral Nutrition and observed that the patients treated with TPN had a better recovery, a better glucose homeostasis, a reduction in the complications and mortality and a decreased length of stay in hospital.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1985

Carotid body tumors. A report of two cases and review of the literature.

Two recently observed cases of carotid body tumor (chemodectoma) are presented. The treatment was subadventitial resection of the tumor with good long-term results. The clinic, diagnostic and therapeutic problems of such tumors are re-examined on the basis of the most recent informations obtained from a wide review of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Primary retroperitoneal tumors: report of 21 cases.

A personal series of 21 cases of primary retroperitoneal tumors (PRT) are reported and the clinical features, diagnostic assessment, surgical treatment and results are examined. The problem of the complementary radio-chemotherapy, which is mandatory following surgical resection, is also dealt with. It is underlined that long-term results are improved only by early diagnosis and therefore the use of the most recent technical procedures, such as echotomography, computed tomography, and angiography, is stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Relationship between erythrocyte hexokinase in cancer patients and red cell age.

A study of hexokinase isozymic pattern and age dependence of the enzyme was carried out on erythrocytes of 4 patients with adenocarcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. On the basis of our results, we think that the increase in hexokinase activity previously reported and the increase in both subtypes (Ia and Ib) of the enzyme herein described are not due to a mean younger red cell population caused by secondary anemia, which is frequently present in cancer patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

[Hexokinase activity of erythrocytes in cancer patients].

In the present work we have considered the following erythrocyte enzymatic activities; hexokinase (HK), pyruvate kinase (PK), glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate-dehydrogenase (6PGD), glicero phosphate-isomerase (PHI) and glutathione-reductase (GR) in the red blood cells of 130 subjects of which 55 were healthy or with non cancerous pathology and 75 with malignant tumors. Evident modification has been shown only for the HK which together with fructose-6-phosphate-kinase (PFK) and PK are limiting steps of glycolysis. The increased HK activity value resulted particularly significant in red blood cells of patients affected by well differentiated adenocarcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Modification of the hexokinase activity in the red blood cells of subjects with differentiated adenocarcinoma.

In the present work we found a significant increase of erythrocyte HK activity in subjects suffering from differentiated adenocarcinoma. Some erythrocyte enzymatic activities (such as HK, PK, G-6-PD, 6-PGD, PHI and GR) in the red blood cells of 96 subjects, of which 55 were healthy or with noncancerous pathology and 41 had malignant tumors, are considered. Evident modification was shown only for the HK, which together with PFK and PK are limiting steps of glycolysis.

Adenocarcinoma↗