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Biomedical subjects

R Grob

Publications and source records attributed to R Grob.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[A case of spinal extradural hematoma during the insertion of an epidural catheter].

An epidural haematoma was observed after epidural lumbar puncture in a 75-year old patient receiving 5,000 units calcium heparinate every 12 h as antithrombotic therapy. The diagnosis was suspected by the occurrence of sudden pain and bleeding through the epidural catheter, followed by a complete paraplegia. The diagnosis was confirmed by contrast myelography. Early surgery did not improve the neurological deficit. This case report emphasized that anticoagulant therapy must be discontinued before epidural anaesthesia.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Computed tomographic examination in orbitofacial injuries].

Eighty patients with craniofacial injuries were investigated using a CT scan apparatus of the second generation. The advantages of this examination over conventional methods of exploration are discussed and details provided of projections used. Conventional tomography imaging has now been completely abandoned.

Facial Injuries↗
PubMed1984

Cerebral edema associated with meningiomas: possible role of a secretory-excretory phenomenon.

A retrospective study of cerebral edema in 40 patients with intracranial meningiomas seems to demonstrate that the extent of edema is not related to anatomical factors such as location. Histological type is more significant; cerebral edema is usually observed with meningothelial forms. Furthermore, the study of tumor cells by electron microscopic methods indicates that secretory-excretory activity is closely associated with with the production of peritumoral edema. The ultrastructural aspects of this secreted material are described, but further biochemical studies are necessary to determine its exact nature. The possible role of tumoral steroid receptors in the secretory-excretory phenomenon is discussed.

Brain Edema↗
PubMed1983

[Epiduritis disclosing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Apropos of 11 cases].

We report eleven cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) revealed by epidural involvement treated at the Pitié Salpêtrière Tumor Center over ten years. This condition is uncommon. The tumor can be excised after laminectomy, thus establishing diagnosis. Rather than on histological type, prognosis is dependent on the presence or absence of associated vertebral involvement. Four patients presented with apparently primary, localized, epidural involvement without vertebral lesions; they are still alive 2, 3, 6 and 11 years after onset. Prognosis is guarded in the seven other patients as they have vertebral involvement; other localizations are frequently found and survival does not exceed 8 to 36 months. Only 3 patients are still alive, 8 months, 10 months and 3 years after onset. We advocate preoperative irradiation of the tumor delivering 45.00 Grays, followed by systematic combination chemotherapy. Chemotherapy can be given both before and after radiotherapy in patients with vertebral bone involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Cerebellar hemorrhage. Clinico-topographic correlations and therapeutic indications].

Spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhages are more easily recognized since the large use of CT scanner. In this series of 28 cases, they represent 9% of all spontaneous intra-cranial hemorrhages. Three main categories may be described. Small hematomas (less than 3 cm) are located in the postero-medial part of the cerebellum (9 cases): they are difficult to recognize, due to their limited clinical signs; their evolution is spontaneously favorable. Larger hematomas (more than 3 cm) represent two thirds of our clinical cases. When situated near the midline (7 cases) stupor or coma are quite constant, as neurovegetative signs; differentiating this type of case from brain-stem hemorrhages is difficult; prognosis is severe as even with surgery; there is a high mortality rate. When located more laterally (12 cases), their evolution is less acute: consciousness disturbances do not generally occur at the onset, whereas cerebellar disfunction is quite obvious; contrary to midline cases, these, when operated upon at an early stage, show a high success rate. If operation is delayed, the prognosis is much more serious due to the mass effect of this lesion in the posterior fossa. This is clearly demonstrated by CT scan which consistently shows displacement of the 4th ventricle with hydrocephalus of the lateral ventricles.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Computed tomography of the head in gunshot wounds. Thirty-three cases (author's transl)].

The authors report a series of 33 cases of craniocerebral lesions secondary to projectiles injuries studied by means of CT scan. Ct scans demonstrate the path of the missile, destructions of deep cerebral parenchyma, dissections of with matter (intra-cerebral bubble) and reactive oedema. Prognostic incidence of CT is discussed. CT scan helps to choose the best therapeutic approach as regards each particular case.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Research into the electrophysiological effects of nicotine and their interpretation as arousal or sedation mechanisms (author's transl)].

The effect of nicotine on the nervous system during rapid smoking of two calibrated cigarettes was measured in twenty subjects: light, medium, heavy and non-smokers, across the changes of a number of electrophysiological variables and in different situations. Although some systems are consistently activated: with rapid EEG rhythms and EDG, others depending upon sub-grouping are activated or, conversely, are depressed or sedated (alpha and theta rhythm enhancement), the passive situations selected being opposed to the active situations. Attempts to explain this phenomenon seem to be dependent on the hypothesis that combination of environmental constraints and certain personalities or constitutions leads smokers who implicitly seek a sedative effect in smoking to administer themselves with a relatively low dose of nicotine by virtue of the varied modulations in their manner of smoking: the effective volume of puffs and the interval between puffs, whilst those who wish to stimulate themselves or arouse their cerebral cortex automatically take a considerably higher dose.

Arousal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Human papillomavirus types and cervical neoplasia].

The pathological cells of the cervix uteri were examined for the presence of some types of human papilloma viruses (HPV) by DNA-hybridization and by the Southern blot method. Different degrees of neoplasia were found in the majority of these pathological changes of the uterus. The control group of patients included in the study had normal clinical, cytological and colposcopical results. Two parameters were identical both in the examined and the control patients. Types 6/11 were found in neither of the groups examined. The control patients had types 16/18 HPV in 8.3% of cases, while the frequency of these types was much higher in the examined group; it depended on the phase of the disease. These types were not detected in pathological lesions of CIN I; 40% of patients with CIN II had them, and 7.3% of patients with CIN III were positive to types 16/18 HPV. The majority (75%) of the examined samples of invasive neoplastic cervical lesions were positive to the presence of HPV 16/18.

DNA, Viral↗