Biomedical subjects

R Hamazoe

Publications and source records attributed to R Hamazoe.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

[Cancer chemotherapy of high-age patients with gastrointestinal malignancies].

Recently, high aged patients with malignancies have increased in number. When cancer chemotherapy is applied for the high aged patients, kinds or doses of anti-cancer drugs must be more carefully selected or decided than for younger patients, because it is said that the side effects of anti-cancer drugs would easily induce irreversible organ disorders and death in high aged patients. The effects of cancer chemotherapy were compared between high aged patients (over 75 years) and younger patients (5 decade years) with special reference to side effects. The patients underwent cancer chemotherapy were 79.7% of high aged patients and 93.6% of younger. The reasons why cancer chemotherapy was not carried out were high age (5.6% of high aged patients), poor general conditions (7.0% in high aged, 2.3% in younger) and post operative complications (7.0% in high aged, 3.2% in younger). The proportion of patients suffered side effects was almost same in both groups. Dead cases caused by side effects of anti-cancer drugs were 5 in high aged patients (4.4%) and 7 in younger (3.4%). The reason why the proportion of side effects in both groups was not different was that the doses of anti-cancer drugs given for high aged patients were reduced to 80-90% of those for younger patients.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

The influence of hyperthermia in vitro on the functions of peritoneal macrophages in mice.

Total-body hyperthermia (TBHT) as a treatment for cancer may lead to a reduction in the host's immunocompetence as a result of the direct effects of heat on the immune system. Thus, we studied the influences of hyperthermia in vitro on the function of peritoneal macrophages from mice. Peritoneal macrophages from C3H/HeN mice were heated in vitro for 3 hr at 37, 39, 40, 41 or 42 degrees C. After exposure to heat, the phagocytic ability of the macrophages, as well as results of the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test and the cytotoxicity test were examined. The changes in all these parameters showed almost the same pattern: a tendency for macrophage functions to be potentiated up to 40 degrees C, and a tendency towards inhibited functioning at temperatures above 41 degrees C. Although augmented functions of macrophages were observed after exposure to mild hyperthermia (less than 40 degrees C), the possibility of TBHT (42 degrees C)-induced inhibition of macrophage function must be further investigated in clinical trials of TBHT therapy for cancer.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in tissues and sera from patients with gastric cancer.

Detection of carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 in tissues and sera was performed by an immunoperoxidase assay and by radioimmunoassay of samples from patients with gastric cancer. Twenty-eight of 102 (27.5%) gastrectomized patients and 13 of 21 (44.8%) patients with recurrent cancer showed abnormal and elevated levels of CA 19-9 in sera of more than 37 U/ml. Sixty-five of 102 (63.7%) patients gave positive localizations of CA 19-9 in cancerous tissues and 20 of 102 (19.6%) gave positive localizations of CA 19-9 in noncancerous gastric mucosa. Twenty-five of 28 (89.3%) patients with elevated serum CA 19-9 showed positive evidence of CA 19-9 in cancerous tissues, and 37 of 74 (50.0%) patients with normal serum levels of CA 19-9 also showed positive evidence of CA 19-9 in cancerous tissues. However, there were no clear relationships between CA 19-9 in cancerous tissues or in sera and the stage or histological type of the gastric cancer. These data indicate that CA 19-9 may be not released easily into blood circulation or that the concentration of CA 19-9 in tissues may be low, even though a large proportion of gastric cancer cells produces CA 19-9. It appears, therefore, that CA 19-9 will be restricted clinical use as a detector, monitor or tumor-associated antigen of gastric cancer.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗

PubMed1990

[Therapeutic results and pharmacokinetics of combined used anticancer drug in intraperitoneal hyperthermo-chemotherapy (CHPP)].

Continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) was performed after curative gastrectomy for the patients with serosally invading gastric cancer to control their peritoneal recurrence. In the randomized control study of this prophylactic CHPP, using 10 l of physiological saline with 100 mg of mitomycin C or 150 mg of cisplatin (CDDP) at 42 degrees C, better post-operative survival was obtained in the CHPP group than the control group, two-year survivals were 83% in the CHPP and 70% in the control. Through the evaluation of time-concentration curve of free-Pt in serum, the side effects of CDDP in the CHPP treatment were considered to be almost equal to that of 25 mg of CDDP in the intravenous injection. In the experiments using rats, the concentration of Pt in the peritoneal tissue after CHPP was three times higher than that after intravenous injection of 2 mg of CDDP. These three results, better survival, less side effects and higher drug concentration of the peritoneal tissue, support the reasonableness of CHPP.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Levels of tissue polypeptide antigen in serum and the progression of gastric cancer.

Correlations between levels of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in serum and histologic stage or progression of cancer were studied in 94 patients with gastric cancer. Levels of TPA in serum from patients with cancerous invasion into the vein of the stomach wall (v-invasion) were elevated in parallel to the progression of cancer by stage, and were significantly higher in each positive case than in each negative case of lymph node metastasis or of cancerous invasion into lymph vessels of the stomach wall (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01, respectively). There were no differences in levels of TPA in serum from patients without v-invasion when these cancers were classified by stage, progression, or histologic type. It appears that elevation of levels of TPA in serum is associated with v-invasion, and that a determination of the level of TPA in serum is useful for the prediction of hematogenic metastasis in cases of gastric cancer.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗

PubMed1989

Hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion combined with anticancer chemotherapy as prophylactic treatment of peritoneal recurrence of gastric cancer.

We have conducted a clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion with mitomycin C (CHPP-M) as prophylactic treatment of peritoneal recurrence of gastric cancer. Between January 1983 and October 1985, 82 patients with macroscopic serosal invasion but no macroscopic peritoneal metastasis undergoing potentially curative resection of gastric cancer, were divided into two groups by random sampling: 42 patients were scheduled to receive CHPP-M, while 40 would not receive such treatment. The CHPP-M was administered immediately after closure of the abdomen following gastric resection, while the patient was still on the operating table under general anesthesia. The 5-year survival rate (71.5% of the patients in the CHPP-M group was higher than that (59.7%) of those in the control group. Although postoperative follow-up periods are not long enough, the longer survival obtained in the patients treated with CHPP-M should be emphasized, since no effective means of preventing peritoneal recurrence of gastric cancer is so far available.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Effects of prophylactic intraportal chemotherapy on liver function, blood profile and survival in patients with colo-rectal cancer].

Postoperative intraportal anti-cancer chemotherapy was used for 51 patients with curatively resected colorectal cancer who were selected in the randomized controlled study to evaluate its inhibitory effect on liver metastasis from colo-rectal cancer. In cases of intraportal chemotherapy, 30 mg of Mitomycin-C (in 3 doses) and 5 mg/kg (B.W.)/day (1985-1986) or 3 mg/kg/day (1987-1988) of 5-FU was injected through the catheter inserted into the portal vein during postoperative 14 days. In cases of the control group (58 patients), the same doses of the drugs were injected into the peripheral vein during the same term. Six patients with recurrences were observed in the intraportal chemotherapy group, and 3 of them had liver metastases. In the control group, more liver metastases were observed (5 of 7 recurrences were liver metastases). Intraportally injected 5 mg/kg/day of 5-FU slightly disturbed the liver function. The averages of the serum GOT, GPT and gamma-GTP level of these cases were higher than those of the control cases. Three mg/kg/day of intraportally injected 5-FU had no influence on the liver function. There were no differences in the incidence of leukocytopenia or thrombocytopenia between the two groups.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

[Intra-hepato-arterial chemotherapy combined with hyperthermic treatment: clinical results of metastatic cancer of the liver and effects on correct (but not at all necessary) hepatic blood flow].

In treating cancerous metastases to the liver, we combined hyperthermic treatment with chemotherapy via the intra-hepato-arterial injection (IHAI) of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) plus 5-fluorouracil. The subjects were 14 patients having metastases to the liver: 3 from gastric cancer and 11 from colorectal cancer. In metastases of colorectal origin, the response rate (partial response) was 55%; the 1-year survival rate was 80%; the 50%-survival period was 23 months. The response rate and the 50%-survival period in metastases of gastric origin were 67% and 11 months, respectively. When IHAI chemotherapy was combined with hyperthermic treatment, antitumor effects were generated in 3 of 6 metastatic patients from colorectal cancer, who had received no benefit from the IHAI chemotherapy alone. Better results were produced by thermochemotherapy than by IHAI chemotherapy alone. Hepatic blood flow, which influences the antitumor effect of hyperthermic treatment or chemotherapy, was measured using the 133Xe clearance method. Over the long term, the hepatic blood flow, especially that of the portal-venous route, showed a decreasing tendency after repeated sessions of the present regimen. This fact suggests the increased retainability of arterial-injected carcinostatics in cancerous tissues.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1988

Prophylactic therapy for peritoneal recurrence of gastric cancer by continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion with mitomycin C.

Continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) with a solution that contains mitomycin C (CHPP-M) has been clinically introduced as a prophylactic treatment for peritoneal recurrence of gastric cancer with serosal invasion. Two studies, each with a treated and a control group, were performed. In the historical control study the postoperative 3-year survival rate of patients (73.7%) in the treated group (n = 38) was significantly higher than the survival rate (52.7%) of those in the control group (n = 55) (P less than 0.04). In the random control study the survival rate (83%) of patients in the treated group (n = 26) was also higher than that (67.3%) of those in the control group (n = 21) in the 30 months that followed gastric surgery. However, there was no significant difference. In the historical control study with respect to the postoperative complications, anastomotic leak was observed in 8.5% of patients who were given CHPP-M and 12.8% patients who did not have CHPP-M. In the random control study anastomotic leak was observed in 3.1% of patients who had CHPP-M and 7.1% of patients who did not have CHPP-M. The incidence of adhesive ileus in patients having CHPP-M did not increase in historical or random control groups. Postoperative prolonged intestinal paresis or chemical peritonitis were not induced by CHPP-M. These results indicate that CHPP-M is a simple, safe, and readily available prophylactic therapy for peritoneal recurrence that may follow gastric cancer surgery.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Clinicopathologic study of esophageal cancer associated with simultaneous metastatic lesions in the stomach.

Between 1965 and 1985, 89 Japanese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma underwent esophagectomy. In five of them (5.6%), a simultaneous metastatic lesion from the esophageal cancer was detected within the stomach in the resected specimens. Preoperative diagnosis of the gastric lesions had been made in none of the five patients because of an obstruction that was due to esophageal cancer. All gastric lesions were located at the gastric cardia, close to the esophagocardial junction, with a mean distance of 6.9 +/- 2.0 cm from the primary esophageal lesions. Provision of a gastric tube that contains metastatic lesions, for reconstruction of a new alimentary tract after esophagectomy, must be avoided. In cases of inadequate preoperative gastric examination, gastric lesions should be searched for intraoperatively, not only by serosal inspection and palpation, but also by mucosal inspection and palpation after partial proximal gastrectomy.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed1988

Intra-hepato-arterial chemotherapy with CDDP and 5-FU for metastases to the liver from colorectal and gastric cancers.

Thirty-five patients with metastases to the liver from colorectal (26 patients) and gastric (nine patients) cancers were treated with intra-hepato-arterial (IHA) injections of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Therapeutic schedules consisted of manual bolus injections of CDDP. (25-35 mg/m2/week) and 5-FU (150-180 mg/m2/day) Regimen I, and CDDP (25-35 mg/m2/10-14 days) and 5-FU (60-70 mg/m2/day Regimen II. In patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver, partial response (PR) rates in Regimens I and II were 38% and 62%, respectively. By contrast, in patients with metastases to the liver from gastric cancer, a PR was obtained in only one of nine patients (11%). IHA chemotherapy CDDP plus 5-FU, especially following Regimen II, appears to be a strongly recommendable strategy for treatment of metastatic liver tumors derived from colorectal cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

[Hyperthermia adjunct to surgery in the treatment of scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach].

In approximately 80% of patients with scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach, recurrence of cancers occurs even after potentially curative resection, and recurrence most frequently occurs in the form of peritoneal metastasis. Such recurrence may be attributable to possible intraperitoneal dissemination of malignant cells already present at the time of surgery. We performed intraoperative peritoneal cytology on patients with scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach. Free cancer cells were demonstrated in the Douglas cavity in 16 of 32 (50%) patients who underwent potentially curative gastrectomy. The postoperative 5-year survival rate was 23% in patients without detectable free cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity, compared with only 9% in patients with microscopic evidence of intraperitoneal free cancer cells. Therefore, we have applied hyperthermic continuous peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) on patients with scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach in order to develop a surgical adjuvant therapy effective for the prevention of recurrence of peritoneal involvement. The results obtained so far from our study have shown an increased 3-year survival rate of patients undergoing potentially curative gastrectomy, but no improvement of therapeutic outcome in terms of postoperative 5-year survival.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗

PubMed1988

[Hepatic arterial chemotherapy combined with hyperthermia or arterial embolization in unresectable liver tumor].

Fifty-four patients with unresectable malignant liver tumors (14 of hepatocellular carcinoma, 40 of metastasis to the liver from gastric or colo-rectal cancer) were treated with intra-hepato-arterial (IHA) injections of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In 32 of the patients, the liver tumors were detected synchronously with the diagnosis of the primary cancers, which were resected palliatively. Therapeutic schedules consisted of bolus injections of CDDP (50 mg/body/week) and 5-FU (250 mg/body/day) [Regimen I], and CDDP (50 mg/body/10-14 days) and 5-FU (100 mg/body/day) [Regimen II]. In 48 patients treated with IHA chemotherapy only, a partial response (PR) was obtained in 6 of 14 (43%) evaluable patients for Regimen I and in 11 of 30 (37%) patients for Regimen II. The dose-limiting factor for treatment with CDDP was bone marrow toxicity, but this toxicity was remarkably alleviated in Regimen II without any decrease in antitumor effectiveness. In 13 patients, other modalities, such as total-body hyperthermia (4 patients), radiofrequency capacitive local hyperthermia (5), and temporary arterial embolization (4), were combined with IHA chemotherapy. PR was obtained in 7 of 13 (54%) patients with the combined therapy. This combined therapy was efficacious in 7 patients in whom no desired results were obtained by IHA chemotherapy only. The survival rate was 50% at 12 months. IHA chemotherapy with CDDP plus 5-FU, especially when according to Regimen II, appears to be a strongly recommended strategy for treatment of unresected primary or metastatic liver tumor. Further, addition of the hyperthermia or the arterial embolization might enhance the antitumor effect of IHA chemotherapy.

Aged↗

PubMed1988

[Clinical results and problems of total-body thermochemotherapy].

The clinical results and problems of extracorporeally-induced total-body thermochemotherapy (TBHT) for recurrent cancer are presented. A total of 127 hyperthermic treatments were performed in 45 patients who had undergone unsuccessful conventional systemic anticancer chemotherapy. Partial response was observed in 11 of 34 evaluable patients (32%). In analysing the anticancer effects of TBHT according to cancer site, a high efficacy was observed in patients with their main tumor in the lung, liver and lymph nodes. The anticancer effects were most enhanced when TBHT was performed in combination with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. In order to augment the anticancer effects of TBHT, the choice of combined agents and administration timing are important. A useful method for determining the thermochemosensitivity of individual cancer cells to agents selected for drug treatment is the human tumor clonogenic assay. Furthermore, the usefulness of angiotensin II-induced hypertensive chemotherapy during TBHT for augmenting selective drug delivery to cancer tissue is stressed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1987

Alpha-fetoprotein-producing pancreatic carcinoma: case report and review of the Japanese literature.

An autopsy was performed of a patient who succumbed to pancreatic carcinoma and in whom an unusually high level of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) (84,000 ng/ml) was obtained. An immunohistochemical approach, utilizing the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, proved that AFP was confined within pancreatic carcinomatous cells of the primary lesion and liver metastases. No AFP-positive cells were ever observed in the hepatocytes adjacent to the metastatic lesions in the liver. It may be inferred that, in this particular case, the carcinomatous cells themselves synthesize AFP. The sites of production of AFP in AFP-positive pancreatic carcinoma were discussed in a review of the literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1987

Experimental study of antitumor effect of methyl-B12.

We examined the antitumor effect of vitamin B12 (methyl-B12) using C3H/He, C57BL/6 and BALB/C mice for animals and MH134 hepatoma ascites cells, Lewis lung cancer cells and Ehrlich ascites tumor cells for tumor cells. At 1.0-10 micrograms/ml, methyl-B12 enhanced PHA- and Con-A-induced lymphocyte blastoformation of C3H/He mice. The growth of MH134 tumors on the backs of C3H/He mice were suppressed by the 7-day administration of 50 or 100 micrograms/day i.p. and their survival was longer than that of untreated mice. However, methyl-B12 administration did not positively affect the survival of C3H/He mice that had been irradiated with 60Co 300 R on the day before tumor cell inoculation. The growth of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells inoculated into BALB/C mice was also reduced at 17 and 19 days after tumor inoculation by administration of methyl-B12 50 micrograms/day i.p. and the mice survived longer than the untreated mice.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

Carcinoembryonic antigen in gastric cancer patients.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were determined in 252 gastric cancer patients. In patients with resectable cancer, the preoperative CEA values and CEA positivity rates were 2.4 +/- 1.5 ng/ml and 7.7% for stage I, 24.9 +/- 72.0 ng/ml and 10.0% for stage II, 21.6 +/- 84.1 ng/ml and 17.9% for stage III, and 6.3 +/- 8.4 ng/ml and 27.1% for stage IV cancers, respectively. In patients with nonresectable cancers, the CEA value was 83.0 +/- 235.5 ng/ml, the CEA positivity rate was 47.8%. Overall, of 252 patients with primary gastric cancer, 47(18.7%) were positive for CEA. In patients with cancer recurrence, the CEA value averaged 41.8 +/- 101.8 ng/ml, the positivity rate was 63%. This rate increased as the cancer stage increased; it was highest in gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis. In 4 of 13 patients with recurrence, an elevation in CEA was observed about 4.8 months before the clinical detection of cancer recurrence. Our results suggest that in gastric cancer patients, the preoperative and periodic postoperative assay of CEA levels has predictive value in determining cancer stage, progression and recurrence.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗

PubMed1986

[Clinical results and problems of total-body hyperthermia].

The clinical results and problems of extracorporeally-induced total-body hyperthermia (TBHT) for recurrent cancer were presented. A total of 105 hyperthermic treatments were performed in 38 patients who had had unsuccessful conventional systemic anticancer chemotherapy. Partial response was observed in 10 of 29 evaluable patients (37%). In analysing the anticancer effects of TBHT according to cancer site, a high efficacy was observed in patients with their main tumor in the lung, liver and lymph nodes. The anticancer effects were most enhanced when TBHT was performed in combination with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and 5-fluorouracil. In order to augment the anticancer effects of TBHT, the choice of combined agent(s) and administration timing are important. A useful method for determining the thermochemosensitivity of individual cancer cells to agents selected for drug treatment is the human tumor stem cell assay. Further, the usefulness of angiotensin II-induced hypertensive chemotherapy during TBHT for augmenting selective drug delivery to cancer tissues is stressed.

Humans↗