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Biomedical subjects

R Jakesz

Publications and source records attributed to R Jakesz.

158 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Effect of calcitonin, somatostatin and cimetidine on stress ulcer in rats].

The prophylactic effect of calcitonin, somatostatin and cimetidine on stress ulcer formation in rats was investigated in two stress models: restraint + ketamin (4 h) and hypovolemia (4 h). The basis of the comparative study was a 70% inhibition of acid secretion for 4 h in pyloric ligated animals. This was achieved with 1000 microgram/kg somatostatin s.c., 10 microgram/kg calcitonin s.c., and 2 X 100 mumol/kg cimetidine s.c. In restraint stress and ketamin with calcitonin and cimetidine a significantly lower frequency of gastric lesions was found than with somatostatin. The most potent substance in hypovolemia was calcitonin, with a significant difference in the frequency of mucosal lesions to the groups with cimetidine and somatostatin.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of calcitonin on various stress ulcer models in the rat].

The preventive effect of calcitonin (10 microgram/kg subcutaneously) on stress ulcer was examined in 135 rats. Three stress models were used: (1) immobilization, (2) immobilization and ketamine, (3) hypovolemia. Significantly lowered lesion rates under calcitonin were found in immobilization stress and hypovolemia models (14%, resp. 16%), compared with controls (78%, resp. 56%). Reduction of the severe lesions of the mucous membrane was the only significantly different result in the combination of immobilization and ketamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Punctate cytology of benign and malignant changes in the thyroid gland (author's transl)].

80 thyroid gland aspirates obtained post-operatively were compared with 69 clinically punctured cases. The results suggest that the vast majority of cytological misdiagnoses are caused by a faulty withdrawal technique. As a contribution to the differential diagnosis of "follicular neoplasia" an attempt was made to introduce the diameter of the nucelus obtained morphometrically as a parameter of malignancy. In aspirates of highly differentiated follicular carcinomas a significantly higher percentage of thyrocytes with larger nuclear diameters are found than in benign nodular changes in the thyroid gland.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

[Esophagopleural fistula associated with postprandial syncopes. A late complication after pneumonectomy (author's transl)].

A case of esophagopleural fistula in a 54-year-old man who underwent pneumonectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma is described. As uncommon and hitherto unknown complications postprandial syncopes and a letal arrosion of the right cardiac atrium occurred. The pathogenesis of the esophagopleural fistula, the clinical features, and the pathophysiological mechanism of the swallow syncope are discussed.

Autopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Male breast cancer: Austrian experience.

Data were collected on 169 men treated for breast cancer at 36 surgical departments in Austria between 1970 and 1991. We report here several of their clinical features and assess the importance of established prognostic factors. After a median observation period of 51 months 60 patients (35%) suffered a recurrence. The estimated 5-year recurrence-free survival for the entire group was 55%, and the estimated 5-year overall survival was 62%. Although stage-adjusted data are comparable to those for female breast cancer, the outcome in this series may be attributed to a relatively high frequency of advanced tumor stages. Tumor size (recurrence-free survival p = 0.00001; overall survival p = 0.03) and axillary lymph node status (recurrence-free survival p = 0.0001; overall survival p = 0.0001) proved to have a prognostic impact. Using a multivariate analysis, axillary lymph node status (recurrence-free survival p = 0.001; overall survival p = 0.01) still had prognostic influence. The various procedures used had no effect on local recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New mucin-like cancer-associated antigens (CA M 26, CA M 29 and CA 549) and a new proliferation marker (TPS) in patients with primary or advanced breast cancer.

In patients with breast cancer no tumor markers giving satisfactory results have been found yet. The aim of our investigation was to compare the usefulness of newly developed tumor markers with the most common used carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen (CA) 15-3. We evaluated the concentrations of carcinoma-associated antigen (CA) 549, carcinoma-associated mucin antigen (CA M) 26 and CA M 29, and the proliferation markers tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and tissue polypeptide-specific antigen (TPS) in 84 breast cancer patients with disease progression and in 69 patients with no evidence of disease after surgery for breast cancer. Using receiver-operating characteristic curves (ROC curves) we were able to demonstrate increased sensitivity and specificity of all tested tumor markers in patients with metastatic disease compared with local disease. In our investigation TPA is superior to TPS in all disease states. In local disease, none of the tested markers shows satisfying results. In metastatic disease, the new mucin markers CA M 26 and CA M 29 show slightly better results than CA 15-3 although their ROC curves are nearly congruent. CA 549 is exceeded by the other mucin markers. The best results in this investigation were obtained with CA M 29. The overall results concerning the detection of small tumor masses (i.e. local disease) were unsatisfactory.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Different transendothelial migration behaviour pattern of blood monocytes derived from patients with benign and malignant diseases of the breast.

BACKGROUND: In this study we compared the expression of selected monocyte surface antigens with the potential to transmigrate through an endothelial layer before and after surgery from breast cancer patients (CA) and patients with benign disease of the breast (BE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Transmigration capacity of mononuclear cells was determined after isolation by Ficoll density gradient, layered over human umbilical vein endothelial cells and cultured in a two chamber plate added with fMLP as a chemotactic stimulus. We determined monocyte phenotye (HLA-DR, FcgRI/CD64, CR1/CD11b and LFA-1/CD11a) and the phagocytosis of E. coli by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Before surgery blood monocytes had an equal expression of the measured surface antigens, but were different in regard to their interaction with endothelial cells. Monocytes derived from CA had a higher transmigration potency than those of BE. Moreover, the migration through the endothelial cell layer created different populations of monocytes. Surgical stress modified transmigrated monocytes of BE into the direction of monocytes from CA. Phagocytic capacity of peripheral blood monocytes from CA was significantly diminished and was further reduced after surgery when measured in transmigrated cells. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that monocytes from CA and BE can be discriminated in regard to their interaction with endothelial cells.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heat treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma cells: increased levels of heat shock proteins 70 and 90 correlate with cellular necrosis.

Immunotherapy, i.e. stimulation of the body's immune response against tumor cells, is a promising approach in cancer treatment. In this context, heat shock proteins (HSP) have been shown to function in tumor antigen chaperoning. HSP are evolutionarily conserved and show increased expression in response to chemical and physical stress. Two members of the HSP family, HSP 70 and 90, seem to further act as immunostimulating agents because of their possible involvement in tumor antigen presentation. We cultured the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 and investigated its HSP content under normal and hyperthermic conditions. Flow cytometry showed increased levels of HSP 70 and 90 after heat shock at 41.8 degrees C for 60 minutes, measured after a subsequent incubation time of five hours, as compared to untreated cells in vitro. We further observed a clear correlation between the HSP 70 and 90 levels and the necrotic cell subpopulation in heat shocked tumor cells. We conclude that HSP expression in HepG2 cells can be enhanced by heat shock treatment in vitro. We suggest that this mechanism can be exploited in increasing tumor immunogenicity.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

p53 analysis in gallbladder cancer: comparison of gene analysis versus immunohistochemistry.

BACKGROUND: The survival of gallbladder cancer (GC) patients is generally poor. Both after resection and palliative procedures, additive therapy is often administered to increase outcome. The effect of cytotoxic therapies depends on a functioning p53 gene. The aim of this study was to investigate whether p53 immunohistochemistry (IHC) or p53 gene sequencing are of any survival influence in GC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 61 GC patients, 19 were resected and in 42 operative explorations were performed. Seven resected and 14 palliated patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. IHC p53 staining and DNA sequencing was investigated. RESULTS: p53 sequencing detected 20 mutations and no relationship was found between IHC and sequencing results. After resection chemotherapy increased survival in those having a normal p53 gene compared to those having a mutation (p=0.008). p53 status did not show an influence in resected patients without chemotherapy or in palliative-treated patients regardless of their therapy. CONCLUSION: p53 protein overexpression does not correlate with p53 gene mutation. Response to chemotherapy in resected GC patients may depend on a functioning p53 gene.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

pS2 protein status fails to be an independent prognostic factor in an average breast cancer population.

In this study we analysed the cytosolic concentrations of the estrogen-regulated protein pS2 in tumors of 462 breast cancer patients, 16 benign breast tumors and 58 metastases. The median pS2 values were highest in breast cancer, followed by benign tumors and metastases (Kruskal-Wallis Test: p < 0.05). Information on other prognostic factors and clinical outcome was available for 354 patients (median follow-up, 35 months). We found a pS2 value of 2 ng/mg protein to be the best cut-off level to discriminate between pS2+ (63%) and pS2- (37%) tumors with respect to relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). The pS2 status was significantly correlated with age, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status. pS2 was negatively correlated with grading and was more often positive in invasive lobular than in invasive ductal carcinomas. ER, pS2 and grading were highly significantly correlated with each other. In univariate analysis pS2- patients showed a significantly shorter RFS (p = 0.0001) and OS (p = 0.0005). However, multiple regression analysis revealed that in our series of patients the pS2 status provides no independent prognostic information.

Adult↗