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Biomedical subjects

R K Gautam

Publications and source records attributed to R K Gautam.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Body mass index and chronic energy deficiency of adult males of Central Indian populations.

Data on body weight, height, and sitting height from 11,496 adult males, age 18-62 years, belonging to 38 different populations of five major social groups (scheduled tribes, scheduled castes, "other backward castes," general castes, and Muslims) of Central India were taken for our analysis to assess the nutritional status of these groups. Cormic index and body mass index (BMI) were computed, and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out among different populations as well as among social groups separately on Cormic index and BMI. Shape, size, and generalized distances among the different social groups were computed and dendrograms were drawn. The level of malnutrition is the lowest among the general castes. The opposite is the case with the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. Comparison of the coefficient of variation shows that there is variation in weight and BMI but that there is no marked variation in the other anthropometric variables. The ANOVA on Cormic index and BMI suggests that the people within a population are more homogeneous than the people between populations. There is a positive but statistically insignificant correlation between Cormic index and BMI. The five social groups differ more in size distance than in shape distance. According to the dendrogram of generalized distance values, the Muslims and the general castes can be grouped into one cluster and the scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, and other backward castes can be grouped into another cluster.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Angiosarcoma of scalp: a case report.

Cutaneous angiosarcomas are rare and constitute less than 1% of all malignant mesenchymal tumours. Most angiosarcomas of skin arise in the following clinical settings: 1. face and scalp of elderly 2. following lymphoedema and 3. post radiation. We present a case of an elderly man presenting with scalp lesion of 18 months duration. Histological examination of the biopsy revealed features of an angiosarcoma, which showed imunohistochemical positivity for factor VIII related antigen.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide induced anagen effluvium and associated lichenoid eruption.

A 32 year-old woman developed generalised lichenoid eruptions on her body followed by diffuse loss of scalp hair of the anagen effluvium type. She was receiving several anti-tubercular drugs, including rifampicin, isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, for abdominal tuberculosis. INH, which is a leading cause of drug eruptions in the above group of drugs was withdrawn. However, the other antitubercular drugs were continued along with 40 mg of prednisolone in a single daily morning dose. The latter was discontinued slowly over a period of 10 weeks. There was complete recovery of hair loss and the regrowth started after 12 weeks of alopecia. Such anagen effluvium with lichenoid eruption following INH therapy has not been observed previously. The complete recovery from anagen effluvium is difficult to explain, but it could have been because of the early initiation of corticosteroid.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Erythromycin in pityriasis rosea: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: The study stemmed from an incidental observation of improvement in 2 patients with pityriasis rosea while receiving erythromycin. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of erythromycin in patients with pityriasis rosea. METHODS: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study was performed in an outpatient setting in a major hospital. Ninety patients over a period of 2 years were alternatively assigned to treatment group or placebo group. Patients in the treatment group received erythromycin in divided doses for 14 days. The response was categorized as complete response, partial response, or no response. All patients were followed up for 6 weeks. RESULTS: Both groups were comparable with regard to age at presentation, sex, and average duration of disease at the time of reporting to the clinic. Upper respiratory tract infection before the appearance of skin lesions was reported in 68.8% of all patients. Complete response was observed in 33 patients (73.33%) in the treatment group and none in the placebo group (P <.0001). CONCLUSION: Oral erythromycin was effective in treating patients with pityriasis rosea.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Metabolic responses during initial days of altitude acclimatization in the eastern Himalayas.

The study was carried out on 16 men (aged 20-30 years) to evaluate daily metabolic responses during the early phase of altitude acclimatization at moderate altitudes between 3100 and 4200 m in the Eastern Himalayas. Resting (R) and submaximal exercise (E) oxygen consumption (IVO2) at 100 W at sea level (SL) were 3.25 (SEM 0.15) and 20.31 (SEM 0.77) ml/kg per min respectively. On day 1 at 3110 m both R and E IVO2 decreased (P < 0.001) and subsequently remained constant. At 3445 m these values tended to increase over the 3110 m values but were lower than the SL values. At 4177 m the decline in IVO2 was significantly greater (P < 0.01) than at the preceding altitudes. Pulmonary ventilation (IVE) increased consistently (P < 0.001) with increase in altitude. The arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) at different altitudes was lower (P < 0.001) than SL values. The cardiac frequency (fC) at R and E was higher (P < 0.001) at altitude; the values at 3110 and 3445 m were significantly lower (P < 0.001) than at 4177 m. Blood pressure (BP) increased (P < 0.001) on the first day at each altitude. The systolic BP tended to decline towards SL values but the diastolic BP remained high (P < 0.001) throughout. The resting blood lactic acid concentration, [la-]bl, showed a decline (P < 0.001) only at 4177 m. The [la-]bl at E was similar at 3110 and 3445 m but was higher (P < 0.01) at 4177 m. These observations suggest that acclimatization to a mid-altitude of 3445 m can be safely avoided where rapid ascent to higher altitude is required.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1996

Isolated collagenoma: a case report with a review of connective tissue nevi of the collagen type.

A 22-year-old male had had five skin colored tumorous growths on the mid-palm, ring and little fingers of the right hand for the last 15 years. Histopathological examination with hematoxylin and eosin and special stains confirmed the diagnosis of connective tissue nevi of collagen type. There were no associated cutaneous or systemic findings; thus the case was designated as isolated collagenoma. A review of connective tissue nevi of the collagen type is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Respiratory changes during initial days of acclimatization to increasing altitudes.

METHOD: The daily changes in respiratory function were monitored in 16 healthy male road inductees at sea level (SL) and at high altitudes (HA) of 3110 m, 3445 m, and 4177 m. Identical studies were also carried out on acclimatized low landers (ALL) staying at 3110 m and at 4177 m for 2 years. RESULTS: Ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate showed significant increases on arrival at HA and remained high during the entire period of observation (p < 0.001). These parameters did not show any appreciable difference between 3110 m and 3445 m. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume (L) in 1.0-s (FEC1.0) also did not change on the first day of arrival at HA but decreased significantly (p < 0.001) on the second day at 3110 m. However, both FVC and FEV1.0(L) returned to SL values by day 3 but declined further at 3445 m and at 4177 m. Forced expiratory flow and maximum voluntary ventilation declined on arrival at HA. Peak expiratory flow rate, however, tended to decline during initial days but increased by day 3 and remained elevated during the subsequent residence. Respiratory adaptation to hypoxia in ALL appeared to be different at 3110 m as compared to that at 4177 m. At higher altitude the lung volumes and capacities were markedly decreased, whereas at lower altitudes these parameters were comparable to SL values. CONCLUSION: We conclude that initial respiratory adjustments in sojourners occur by day 3 at 3110 m and show further decrement at 4177 m with a cyclic variation on day 6, while ALL manifest variability in respiratory adaptation at different altitudes.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1996

Psychiatric profile of patients with neurodermatitis.

Fifty patients of neurodermatitis attending the dermatology clinic of a general hospital were screened for psychiatric morbidity. Fifty patients suffering from tinea from the same clinic were taken as a control group (age, sex and socio-economic class matched). A majority of neurodermatitis patients were between 21-30 years of age-group (52%), males (84%), married (90%), literate up to primary (42%) and belonged to socio-economic class V (44%). The common sites of neurodermatitis were legs (28%), arms (16%), scrotum (12%) or multiple sites (36%). The duration of symptoms ranged from 1 month to 2 years (average duration was 6 months). The study group also showed significantly higher occupational and psychosexual problems (p < 0.001). The neurodermatitis patients scored significantly higher on N-2 scale and Hamilton rating scale for depression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Odontotrichodysplasia: a case report with a review of conditions combining ectodermal dysplasia (subgroup 1-2) with skin manifestations.

We report a 5-year-old girl with partial anodontia, hypotrichosis, hyperpigmentation of the skin, absence of pilosebaceous structures, and long thin fingers. There has as yet been, to the best of our knowledge, no report of such a combination of features. A review of conditions combining ectodermal dysplasia (subgroup 1-2) with skin manifestations is presented.

Anodontia↗