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R K Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to R K Gupta.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of in vivo effectiveness of tumoricidal chemotherapy and radiation therapy by serial analysis of tumor-associated urinary antigen titers in patients with sarcoma.

Serial measurements of tumor-associated antigens in the urine of patients with sarcoma who received preoperative intra-arterial doxorubicin and radiation therapy were assayed by microcomplement fixation. Changes in urinary antigen titer as a result of therapy were compared to pretreatment samples and were correlated with clinicopathologic evidence of in situ tumor cell destruction. Of the 53 patients with sarcoma studied, 44 had clinicopathologic evidence of tumor destruction induced by the preoperative therapy, and all 44 had a fourfold or greater rise in the level of urinary antigens during the treatment period. The other nine patients had no evidence of tumor destruction and antigen titers remained unchanged. Results suggested that tumoricidal therapy released tumor-associated antigens which could be detected in urine by microcomplement fixation. This phenomenon may be useful for measuring the in vivo effectiveness of tumoricidal therapy on nonaccessible tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aspiration cytodiagnosis of clear cell hepatocellular carcinoma in an elderly woman. A case report.

The cytohistologic features of a clear cell hepatocellular carcinoma are described. The case occurred in an elderly woman. An aspirate was obtained from a solitary mass in the right lobe of the liver. The liver carcinoma was found to be the clear cell type, with infrequent bile and hyaline (Mallory body-like) bodies in the cytoplasm. The fact that clear cell type hepatocellular carcinoma possesses specific cellular characteristics and immunocytochemical features renders this case report useful in establishing a correct cytohistologic diagnosis, especially since this tumor variant shows a striking resemblance to "clear cell" tumors that originate in other organs and that may cause a diagnostic dilemma.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytodiagnosis of subcutaneous fat necrosis of newborn. A case report.

We recently diagnosed subcutaneous fat necrosis in a newborn female infant using fine needle aspiration cytology. The neonate had perinatal asphyxia and her mother a difficult labor, but otherwise the neonate was well developed and healthy and within a few days developed well-defined areas of subcutaneous induration all over. On cytologic examination of the aspirated material, many necrotizing fat cells were found with refractile, needle-shaped crystals arranged in a sheaflike or starburst pattern. Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is uncommon today, and although the histologic findings from excised tissue are known, this appears to be the first case in which the diagnosis was possible from a sample of fine needle aspirate.

Biopsy, Needle↗
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Undiagnosed retroperitoneal mass. Report of a case in which needle aspiration cytodiagnosis led to investigation and timely management.

Needle aspiration cytology of an undiagnosed retroperitoneal mass was performed on a 37-year-old male. The cytologic findings were highly consistent with a seminoma. In the differential diagnosis the possibility of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, melanocarcinoma and metastatic adenocarcinoma was considered. The cytologic features in the aspirate included uniform, single to loose groups of malignant cells with round nuclei and prominent nucleoli and pale cytoplasm with occasional vacuoles. A variable number of lymphocytes were intermingled with the neoplastic cells. On immunostaining, the markers for lymphoma, melanoma and epithelial malignancy were negative, while alpha-1-antitrypsin was positive in malignant cells, and alkaline phosphatase activity was weakly positive in the cytoplasm. In view of the cytologic diagnosis, a clinical examination of the testes was undertaken and followed by an ultrasound examination, which demonstrated a well-demarcated tumor in the left testis. It was removed and diagnosed as a typical seminoma. This case is of interest since needle aspiration cytodiagnosis not only suggested the correct diagnosis in an otherwise-undiagnosed retroperitoneal mass but also led to a timely investigation and correct management.

Adult↗
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Epidemiology of coronary heart disease in a rural Punjab population--prevalence and correlation with various risk factors.

An epidemiological study to find out the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and the influence of risk factors on the prevalence of CHD in a total rural community of Punjab was conducted in Pohir, situated near Ludhiana. A total of 1100 individuals (623 males and 477 females) out of a possible 1617 individuals (> 30 yrs) living in 3 villages were studied. In each case a detailed history, physical examination and a 12 lead electrocardiogram (ECG) were recorded. Samples for blood sugar and serum cholesterol were taken. By Epstein's criteria of ECG (using the Minnesota coding), the prevalence of CHD was 30.8/1000, being higher in women (37.7/1000) than in men (25.6/1000). By a clinical judgement method considering history, ECG and treadmill testing (TMT) collectively, prevalence was 31.8/1000, being still higher in women (33.5/1000) than in men (30.5/1000). The prevalence of various risk factors like hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes was found to be 14.5%, 8.9%, 7.0% and 4.6% respectively. Of the various risk factors tested, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and a positive family history showed an association with CHD. Only 38% of patients with CHD, 37% of the hypertensives and 52% of the diabetics were aware of its presence. The knowledge in the general population about risk factors causing CHD is poor.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytodiagnosis of Coats' disease from an ocular aspirate. A case report.

This paper describes the cytologic findings in a rare condition, Coats' disease, which was diagnosed from a sample of ocular aspirate in a 19-month-old boy. The cytologic findings were characterized by the presence of numerous cholesterol crystals, rare foamy macrophages, several pigment-laden macrophages, pigment-bearing epithelial cells and free pigment, which stained positive for melanin by Schmorl's stain. The case was unusual in that the clinical diagnosis was persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, and other diagnoses, such as Coats' disease, were unsuspected. The cytologic findings suggested Coats' disease and seemed to exclude retinoblastoma or another malignancy, although the negative findings with the presence of cholesterol crystals and macrophages were regarded as somewhat nonspecific for unequivocally excluding any of the above.

Chronic Disease↗
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Ultrasound guided percutaneous fine needle aspiration cytology of pancreas: a review of 61 cases.

The study includes 61 cases which were subjected to ultrasound (US) guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) to find out the utility of this technique in the diagnosis of pancreatic lesions. Age of the patients ranged from 23 to 85 years with a median of 50 years. Male to female ratio was 36:25. One or more clinical diagnoses were offered in 16 and in 9 of these, the disease was related to pancreas. Subsequent to US, the lesions were localized to pancreas in 57 and the nature of pathology in the pancreatic lesion could be diagnosed in 31. By FNAC, 31 cases (50.8%) were diagnosed to have pancreatic malignancy which included adenocarcinoma (23 cases), papillary cystic tumour (1), muco-epidermoid carcinoma (1), acinic cell carcinoma (1), islet cell tumor (1), and non Hodgkin lymphoma (4). FNAC of liver in 2 cases and retroperitoneal lymph node in a case of pancreatic adenocarcinoma revealed metastasis. During follow up, 1 case of non Hodgkin's lymphoma showed CSF involvement. Three cases (4.9%) were suspected to have epithelial malignancy of which one was confirmed as an adenocarcinoma following surgery and histology. Four (6.6%) were benign lesions which included nonspecific inflammation (2 cases), tuberculous pancreatitis (1) and pseudopancreatic cyst (1). The remaining 23 cases (37.7%) had normal or inadequate cytology. Of these, FNAC of liver showed metastasis in 2 cases and one case each were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma and pseudopancreatic cyst respectively following surgery. None of the patients had any complication following FNAC. We recommend US guided FNAC to be routinely used for diagnosis of pancreatic lesion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

5-fluorouracil induced cardiotoxicity in albino rats.

Since 1975, many cases of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) associated cardiotoxicity have been described in the literature. A histopathological study of 5-FU induced cardiotoxicity was performed on 50 Swiss albino rats. Multiple interstitial myocardial hemorrhages, multifocal myofibre necroses, inflammatory reaction, vascular changes, valvulitis and pericarditis have been noted especially in the left heart ventricles of rats under study. The mechanism of 5-FU associated cardiotoxicity is controversial. A probable mechanism has been proposed; it explains the endothelial damage leading to extravasation of the drug containing blood into myocardium resulting in myofibre necroses and inflammatory reaction.

Animals↗
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Multiple neoplasms of the salivary gland and the lung.

We describe a patient who presented with Warthin's tumour of the salivary gland which was followed by a bronchial carcinoid and subsequently by a squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Such a presentation of three neoplasms in an individual is an uncommon occurrence.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

TA90 immune complex predicts survival following surgery and adjuvant vaccine immunotherapy for stage IV melanoma.

PURPOSE: Although prognosis remains poor for patients with distant metastatic melanoma, we have observed significantly prolonged survival in patients receiving our polyvalent melanoma cell vaccine (PMCV) following complete metastasectomy for American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage IV melanoma. Clinical prognostic factors specific to this stage IV subgroup have not been well characterized. We previously reported that the serum immune complex (IC) level of a 90-kD glycoprotein antigen (TA90) was an objective predictor of survival and recurrence in patients with early-stage melanoma. In the present study we correlated the postoperative TA90-IC level of AJCC stage IV patients prior to adjuvant PMCV therapy with their duration of subsequent survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From October 1, 1984, to December 31, 1995, 125 stage IV patients began PMCV after complete resection of distant melanoma metastases. One blood sample was obtained immediately prior to vaccine therapy, and the serum TA90-IC level was assessed as positive or negative using our double-determinant ELISA. Disease-free and overall survival were recorded prospectively from the start of vaccine therapy. The correlation between prevaccine TA90-IC level and survival was assessed by the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: Median follow-up after PMCV therapy was 36.5 months, with a minimum of 12 months. Univariate analysis demonstrated that TA90-IC level is significant for both overall survival and disease-free survival. Median overall survival, median disease-free survival, and rate of 5-year survival were higher for patients with negative TA90-IC levels than for those with positive TA90-IC level (58 vs 19 months, 7 vs 4 months, and 49% vs 27%, respectively). Multivariate analysis established TA90-IC as an independent prognostic indicator for both overall and disease-free survival following adjuvant PMCV therapy for AJCC stage IV melanoma. CONCLUSION: Prevaccine TA90-IC level correlated strongly with overall and disease-free survival in our stage IV melanoma patients receiving postoperative PMCV immunotherapy. This is the first serum marker shown to have importance in predicting the survival of melanoma patients receiving adjuvant immunotherapy after complete resection of distant metastases.

Adult↗