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Biomedical subjects

R Kumashiro

Publications and source records attributed to R Kumashiro.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency in male adolescence and adulthood.

A discrete deficiency of hepatic ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) was found in male patients who were 58, 46 and 17 years old. Each had developed hyperammonemic coma. The mother and a sister of the 17-year-old patient exhibited orotic aciduria either spontaneously or after protein loading, thus demonstrating heterozygosity. A sister of one other patient and a daughter of the third patient showed a smaller orotic aciduria after protein loading. These observations indicate that inherited deficiency of OTC should be included in the differential diagnosis of hyperammonemic states in adult male patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Dilation of the stump of the esophagus and intestine with Doyen's intestinal clamp followed by application of lidocaine facilitates the stapling anastomoses.

To avoid bowel tears on the esophagojejunal or colorectal mechanical anastomoses during insertion of the EEA stapler, we applied a local anesthetic to the stump of the bowel, then gently dilated the bowel with Doyen's intestinal clamp. This approach makes way for use of a larger cartridge and a more satisfactory anastomoses.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1989

[Ultrasonic evaluation of two cases of primary lymphoma of the intestine].

Two cases of primary malignant lymphoma of the intestine were examined by ultrasonography. In the first case, the lymphoma originated from the terminal ileum and caused intussusception. The tumor was significantly hypoechoic. In the second case, the tumor showed pseudokidney sign. The echo level of the tumor was low and the size of the tumor was over 10 cm.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Serum testosterone level in the peripheral vein and the perigastric draining vein of patients with gastric carcinoma.

The serum testosterone level (STL) was determined in 181 patients with gastric carcinoma, 128 male and 53 female, and in 98 patients with benign diseases, 67 male and 31 female. As in our previous report, the preoperative STL of the cancer group was significantly lower than that of the control group, in both male and female patients (P less than 0.001). In the present study, the STL of the perigastric vein draining the stomach was determined and compared with the STL of the blood obtained at the same time from the peripheral vein during the operation. It was found that, in the male patients, the STL of the blood obtained from the perigastric vein draining a stomach with carcinoma was significantly lower than that of the peripheral vein in the same patient (P less than 0.001); however, there was no difference between these STL in the control group. On the contrary, in the female patients during operation, no such phenomenon was confirmed. Analysis classifying the patients by histological type revealed almost the same results for all patients as those shown for the cancer group, i.e. there was a proven significant difference in male patients and no significant difference in female patients. It was therefore considered that the mechanism of decrease in preoperative peripheral STL was not always the same in male patients as in female patients, although the STL decrease was observed to be similar in both sexes before surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[A minute, solitary carcinoid of the stomach with a lymph node metastasis--a case report].

The patient, a 25-year-old woman, complained of epigastralgia. Her physical examination and routine laboratory data were unremarkable, though an upper G-I series and a gastro-endoscopy demonstrated a small sessile polypoid lesion at the posterior wall of the gastric body. An endoscopic biopsy specimen taken from the polyp revealed a typical carcinoid tumor. The patient underwent a wedge resection of the stomach and a sampling was taken of the regional lymph node around the left gastric vessels. Histologically, although the carcinoid tumor was 5 mm in diameter and limited to within the submucosal layer, it showed lymphatic and venous invasion into the submucosal layer and had metastasized to one of the regional lymph nodes around the left gastric vessels. Therefore, a total gastrectomy with an extended lymph node dissection was performed and no other metastatic lesion was uncovered. Of the reported cases with a gastric carcinoid thus far, none with a tumor size of less than 5 mm has evidenced metastasis. This case suggests that even cases of a minute gastric carcinoid should be treated by radical gastrectomy and extended lymph node dissection.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of splenectomy in gastric carcinoma surgery on cell-mediated immunity; evaluation with alteration of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets].

Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were studied in 70 patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. Lymphocyte subsets were analysed before and after gastrectomy by use of monoclonal antibody for cell membrane markers. There were significant differences in the gastrectomized patients with splenectomy compared to the patients without splenectomy in postoperative changes of lymphocyte subsets as follows. Decrease of OKT4 and increase of OKT8. Temporary decrease of B-1. Continuous increase of Leu-7. These results suggest that gastrectomized patients with splenectomy show a decrease in helper activity, an increase of suppressor activity of T lymphocytes and a compensatory increase of population of natural killer cells in association with suppression of natural killer activity.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Serum testosterone level of patients with gastric carcinoma before and after gastrectomy.

The serum testosterone level (STL) was determined in 84 male and 32 female patients with gastric carcinoma and in 58 male and 20 female patients with benign diseases as a control group. The STL of the male patients with carcinoma was lower (446 +/- 149 ng/dl) than that of the male control group (532 +/- 132 ng/dl) (P less than 0.001). Even 17 male patients of the early carcinoma showed lower STL (440 +/- 117 ng/dl) than the normal group (P less than 0.001). In the female patients, it was also lower (31.6 +/- 16.0 ng/dl) than in the control group (46.3 +/- 15.3 ng/dl) (P less than 0.005). The postoperative STL of the cases surviving the gastrectomy was higher than the preoperative data in 32 male patients (P less than 0.005) as well as in 12 female patients (0.025 greater than P greater than 0.01), whereas it obviously decreased in the patients who died of recurrence. Therefore, it appears that gastric carcinoma decreases the STL by some mechanism.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Antiplatelet aggregators inhibit development of stress ulcers in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Antiplatelet aggregators such as sulfinpyrazone (10 mg/kg), ticlopidine (200 mg/kg), and pyridine (0.1 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the degree of gastric ulceration in Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to cold restraint stress. The inhibition of platelet aggregation and that of microthrombus formation were evident in rats given antiplatelet aggregating drugs and exposed to cold stress. Therefore, platelet aggregation does play an important role in stress ulcer formation, and drugs which inhibit this aggregation should be given greater attention as to possible clinical application for treatment of stress ulcers.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Hormone conditioned cancer chemotherapy for recurrent breast cancer prolongs survival.

Left suprarenal-inferior mesenteric venous shunt (Inokuchi) was prescribed for 80 patients with recurrent breast cancer and the efficacy of hormone conditioned cancer chemotherapy was assessed. The patients were separated into 3 groups according to the historical regimen of combined chemotherapy: Group I; surgical hormone therapy alone, Group II; surgery plus short term chemotherapy, and Group III; surgery plus long term chemotherapy. The 5 year survival rate of the responsive patients to the surgical hormone therapy was as high as 84.6 per cent in Group III, as compared to that of Groups I and II, 41.7 per cent and 16.7, respectively. Survival was not prolonged in non-responsive patients, regardless of the group. These findings indicate that surgical hormone therapy combined with postoperative long term cancer chemotherapy is a valid and effective method for treating recurrence of breast cancer.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1984

Combination of hepatic arterial infusion and systemic chemotherapy for gastric cancer with synchronous hepatic metastases.

Between 1964 and 1981, seventy-two Japanese patients with gastric cancer associated with hepatic metastases, in whom the primary tumor had been resected, were treated in a nonrandomized manner at the Second Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital. Fourteen received hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of 5-FU and Mitomycin C (MMC) combined with systemic chemotherapy, 26 combination systemic chemotherapy of MMC, Futraful and PSK, 18 single drug (MMC) therapy, and 14 no chemotherapy. The average survival was 264 days in HAI combined with systemic chemotherapy, 208 in the combination systemic chemotherapy, 156 in the single drug therapy and 135 in those given no chemotherapy. One year survival and nine month survival rates were 21.4 per cent and 42.9 per cent in HAI combined with systemic chemotherapy, 11.5 per cent and 19.2 per cent in the combination systemic chemotherapy, 5.6 per cent and 11.1 per cent in the single drug therapy and 7.1 per cent and 14.3 per cent in the no chemotherapy group, respectively (HAI vs single drug therapy and no chemotherapy, p less than 0.01). Five of 14 patients treated with HAI combined with systemic chemotherapy showed a partial response (greater than 50 per cent reduction in tumor size), and the average survival time was 335 days, while that of nonresponders was 224 days. Six of 14 patients treated with combination infusion therapy with MMC and 5-FU survived 314 days, as compared to 201 days for patients with infusion of 5-FU alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Bidirectional effects of splenectomy on the growth of syngeneic tumor in mice.

The effects of splenectomy on tumor growth following inoculation with a relatively large number of cells (1 X 10(7) ) and a smaller number of cells (5 X 10(5) ) of Meth I tumor were studied. When 1 X 10(7) tumor cells were inoculated, tumor growth in splenectomized mice was depressed, while tumor in sham-operated mice grew progressively. On the contrary, when 5 X 10(5) tumor cells were inoculated, the tumor take was lower in sham-operated than in splenectomized mice. The spleen cells from mice inoculated with either a large or small number of tumor cells, showed an equally potent cytotoxic activity, but no detectable suppressor cell activity. On the other hand, the activity of immunosuppressive factor was detected in sera from mice inoculated with 1 X 10(7) tumor cells, but not in those given 5 X 10(5) cells. The effect of splenectomy on tumor growth is, thus, bidirectional, depending on the dose of tumor cells inoculated.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Deficient superoxide-generating activity and its activation of blood monocytes in cancer patients.

Superoxide (O2-)-generating activity of blood monocytes, the precursors of macrophages, from patients with advanced cancer and/or infection was studied. Monocytes from normal subjects generated 0.288 +/- 0.022 nmol O2-/min/10(5) cells (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 36) after sequential stimulation with cytochalasin E and wheat germ agglutinin. Monocytes from 69 non-infected adult patients with advanced malignancy of the stomach, esophagus and liver, and 7 pediatric patients with neoplastic disease released significantly less O2- than those from normal subjects (0.176 +/- 0.015, P less than 0.005). Infection increased the activity about 4-fold in patients with malignancy compared to non-infected cancer patients. These results suggest that monocytes of cancer patients are defective in secreting O2-, though the activity may be stimulated by infection.

Adolescent↗