PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Ludwick

Publications and source records attributed to R Ludwick.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Ethical issues and critical thinking: students' stories.

Through the stories told by these students it is evident that beginning students do think critically and act ethically during their first clinical nursing course. Ethical dilemmas involving students and staff, patients, faculty, and peers depict beginning students' development of values as they evolve into professionals. The conscientiousness and caring displayed by beginning students is apparent from students' shared perspectives. It is particularly encouraging that they seemed to focus more on values and cognitive aspects of patient care than on primarily technical psychomotor skills such as taking blood pressures and giving injections. Teaching beginning students is a challenge because the educator's role is twofold: Help students build a foundation for developing ongoing critical thinking abilities and help students develop an ethical view of patient care. Further exploration of critical thinking and ethical decision making should emphasize the mutual student-educator roles in facilitating self-awareness, through conscious awareness of their beliefs, values, feelings, and multiple perspectives. Because nursing emphasizes the human element and student nurses deal with human lives, educators play a vital role in facilitating the development of beginning students as critical thinkers and as ethical nurses. The most knowledgeable and most psychologically mature faculty are needed to teach beginning nursing students. Through ongoing reflection and critical thinking, nurse educators can help beginning students to identify and develop multiple perspectives on the ethics of nursing practice.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1996

The confused patient: nurses' knowledge and interventions.

The purpose of this study was to identify nurses' knowledge and experience about confusion and its treatment. A random sample of hospital-based, medical-surgical registered nurses (N = 100) was surveyed about their contact with confused patients and their knowledge about confusion. The findings suggest that nurses have regular and frequent contact with confused patients, caring for approximately three such patients in a week. They believe they are knowledgeable about confusion, rating their own knowledge on average as 2.96 on a scale ranging from 0 to 4. Restraint is the major treatment used for confusion, with 84% of the nurses reporting that the last confused patient they cared for was restrained. The high incidence data for use of restraints raise questions about what is a necessary restraint and whether restraints are overused in hospital settings. More attention needs to be directed toward finding alternatives to the use of restraints in the acute care hospital.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Factors influencing success or failure in the AH-64 course.

A greater percentage of qualified student pilots fail the AH-64 (Apache) transition than any other advanced aircraft transition in the Army. We studied 140 consecutive students presenting for training in an effort to identify factors which might predict success or failure in the AH-64 course. Questionnaires were used to elicit demographic, anxiety level, and motion sickness history information prior to beginning Apache flight training. Motion sickness symptoms (MSS) during the enclosed cockpit, or "bag," phase of training were quantified using pre- and postbag flight symptom questionnaires. Performance measures included grades and flight hours required to pass the course. Only one piece of information obtained prior to flight training was related to performance in the AH-64 course; i.e., students who requested the transition performed measurably better than students who did not. While 7% of pilots described significant MSS on the first day of enclosed cockpit flight, this decreased to 2% by day 5. Severity of symptoms during bag phase was not related to any measure of subsequent performance.

Achievement↗
PubMed1992

Registered nurses' knowledge and practices of teaching and performing breast exams among elderly women.

This study was designed to identify registered nurses' knowledge and beliefs regarding breast cancer in elderly women, and to identify the practices of registered nurses in performing breast exams and teaching breast self-examination (BSE) to this client group. Correlational analysis using Pearson moment correlation showed a weak inverse relationship between nurses' attitudes toward the elderly and performing and teaching breast exams. As the nurse's negativism about aging increased, the incidence of teaching and performing exams decreased. A strong relationship was found between thorough and regular examination of the nurse's own breasts and performance of the exam on elderly women. As predicted, nurses were more likely to perform than teach exams. Using logistic regression, it was found that nurses who were employed full-time, married nurses, nurses who reported encouragement for themselves to do the exam, and nurses who were confident in examining themselves were more likely to examine the breasts of the elderly women. Nurses were more likely to teach BSE when they had a family history of breast cancer, spent greater than 50% of their time on direct care, reported belonging to a nursing association, were confident in detecting a lump in their own self-exams, and had a baccalaureate degree or higher.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Alzheimer disease: lack of effect of lecithin treatment for 3 months.

Eleven outpatients with Alzheimer disease of moderate severity completed a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial of lecithin. Each patient received 10 gm three times daily of a placebo for 3 months. Plasma choline levels rose threefold and remained at that level throughout the lecithin administration period. A significant difference between mean baseline scores and treatment scores was found on tests of new learning ability, indicating a practice effect in these tests. However, there were no differences between mean placebo and lecithin scores on any of the psychological test measures.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breast cancer and the older woman: information and images.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in elderly women. Information on breast cancer explicitly relevant to elderly women was examined in 113 articles in the professional nursing literature and popular magazines. Content analysis on the nature or extent of information about breast cancer indicated that authors in the professional nursing literature and the popular media have inadequately addressed the degree of risk and the special needs of the elderly woman. Few authors in either the lay or professional literature have explicitly discussed the needs of elderly women, nursing research on breast cancer typically did not include elderly women, and popular articles and accompanying photographs tended to feature younger women.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dressing up nursing diagnoses: a critical-thinking strategy.

Teaching nursing diagnoses to beginning students who have no clinical experiences challenges educators to use their creative energies in developing strategies that facilitate students' critical-thinking skills. Dressing Up Nursing Diagnoses is a fun and creative classroom teaching strategy you can use during the Halloween season to help beginning students formulate nursing diagnoses. Two nurse educators describe their successful experiences with this unique teaching strategy.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Documenting the scholarship of clinical teaching through peer review.

The essence of teaching is to make a positive difference in the lives of students. To this end, the nursing department at Kent State University developed and implemented a faculty-driven, voluntary program for peer review of clinical teaching. The authors describe the clinical peer review program and its positive outcomes.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of the geriatric orthopaedic trauma patient.

Elderly clients may suffer orthopaedic trauma from falls, motor vehicle accidents, abuse, or crimes. Falls are the most common reason for orthopaedic injury. While these same traumas occur in the young, older adults may not have the physiologic reserves necessary to promote healing or to prevent or recover from complications. Injuries sustained from trauma in combination with physiologic changes and comorbidity in the aged make orthopaedic trauma a significant health problem in older adults and a major treatment challenge. This article discusses diversity issues, physiologic changes, and assessment of the elderly that will help guide the orthopaedic nurse in providing care to elderly patients who experience orthopaedic trauma.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical decision making: recognition of confusion and application of restraints.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test the effects of patients' social, behavioral and medical characteristics on nurses' clinical decision for patient confusion. DESIGN: Factorial survey. METHODS: A random sample of 100 registered nurses scored 30 unique situation based vignettes on the likelihood the patient described was confused and whether restraints should be used. Every vignette contained a combination of eight independent patient variables: age; gender; race; patient affect; type, seriousness and time of patient act and medical diagnosis. FINDINGS: Examination of the recognition model and the intervention (applying restraints) models showed that patient variables explained approximately 40% and 43% of the variance respectively. Type of act, seriousness of act, time of act, and patient age all significantly increased nurses identifying patients as confused. The variables that were strong predictors for recognizing confusion were strong predictors for restraint use except that patients who exhibited a negative affect were more likely to be restrained than patients' who were portrayed as pleasant. CONCLUSION: Confusion is a complex clinical phenomenon with many dimensions. Confusion tools should be standardized and routinely used.

Adult↗