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Biomedical subjects

R M Mackie

Publications and source records attributed to R M Mackie.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Allergic and irritant contact dermatitis compared in the treatment of alopecia totalis and universalis. A comparison of the value of topical diphencyprone and tretinoin gel.

Diphencyprone is a potent topical sensitizer, but is non-mutagenic in the Ames test (unlike dinitroclorobenzene) and remains relatively stable in solution (unlike squaric acid dibutyl ester). Seventeen patients with total loss of scalp hair (eight alopecia totalis, nine alopecia universalis) were treated by maintaining on one side of the scalp an allergic contact dermatitis induced by 2,3 diphenylcyclopropenone-I ('diphencyprone'), and on the other side an irritant contact dermatitis using tretinoin gel (Retin A). After 20 weeks, treatment with tretinoin was stopped and diphencyprone was applied bilaterally for a further 10 weeks. Satisfactory regrowth of terminal hair on the scalp was achieved in only one patient. Eyebrow, eyelash and beard regrowth was achieved in one individual whilst in another, moderate, but not cosmetically satisfactory, scalp regrowth took place. In no patient did regrowth take place at tretinoin treated sites until after diphencyprone was substituted.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

Novel variants of human papillomavirus type 2 in warts from immunocompromised individuals.

Twenty cutaneous warts from I8 renal transplant recipients (RTR) and a single wart sample from a patient suffering from Hodgkin's disease were screened for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) sequences by Southern blot analysis. Thirteen samples were shown to contain HPV DNA sequences, one was identified as HPV-3, two as HPV-4, six as HPV-2 and four were unidentifiable by restriction digest analysis. HPV-3 was identified in the wart sample from the patient suffering from Hodgkin's disease. In the six samples in which HPV-2 was found, the viral genome showed polymorphism for the PvuII and PstI sites. Two PvuII patterns and one PstI pattern are novel.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1989

The effect of topical steroid application on natural killer cell activity.

Peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cell activity of a group of 10 healthy non-atopic volunteers was reduced following the topical application of 15 g of 0.1% betamethasone valerate ointment to the skin nightly for 1 week. In contrast, no such effect was observed when the inactive base of the steroid ointment was used. NK cell activity dropped significantly by day 7 (P less than 0.05) and then recovered, although NK cell activity at day 22 was still lower than that observed at the start of the experiment. These findings suggest that topically applied steroid is absorbed in sufficient amounts to cause a systemic effect on NK cell function. This may have implications in a number of dermatological disorders, including atopic dermatitis, where topical steroids form the mainstay of treatment.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

The contribution of direct immunofluorescence to the diagnosis of lupus erythematosus.

The contributions of direct immunofluorescence, light microscopy and serology to the investigation of 52 patients with possible lupus erythematosus were studied. Direct immunofluorescence was found to be most valuable in the investigation of possible systemic lupus erythematosus whilst only of supportive value in the investigation of possible chronic discoid lupus erythematosus. The importance of performing light microscopy before direct immunofluorescence in cases of possible chronic discoid lupus erythematosus is shown.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

Type IV collagen and laminin staining patterns in benign and malignant cutaneous lesions.

The presence of both laminin and type IV collagen was sought at the dermo-epidermal junction and in the dermis adjacent to benign melanocytic naevi of the junctional, compound, and intradermal types; dysplastic naevi; and both primary and secondary melanoma. In all, 154 lesions were studied, using antibodies to laminin and type IV collagen and an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The staining patterns seen with the two antibodies were virtually identical, although that of laminin was generally fainter. Breaks in and thinning of the normally continuous line of type IV collagen and laminin at the dermo-epidermal junction were seen in association with the junctional activity of benign naevi, and in malignant melanomas in association with invasive tumour cells. Both benign and malignant cells of the melanocyte series showed relatively light pericellular staining around individual cells and clusters of cells in the papillary dermis. This staining pattern was much stronger in the deeper reticular dermis. It is concluded that the pattern of staining of these two antibodies and in particular the presence of breaks in type IV collagen and laminin at the dermo-epidermal junction are not specific for either benign or malignant melanocytic lesions and cannot be used as a diagnostic marker of invasive malignancy.

Collagen↗
PubMed1988

The suitability of sunglasses used by patients following ingestion of psoralen.

We have investigated the types of eyewear which patients on photochemotherapy have obtained, and determined their suitability for providing adequate protection. Fifty-eight pairs of sunglasses from 53 patients were assessed. Spectral transmission was measured between 200 nm and 800 nm at 10 nm intervals. Thirty-eight pairs of glasses (66%) were found to be satisfactory. Particularly high UV transmission was recorded in 11 cases (19%), highlighting the need for increased awareness of the problem of ensuring that suitable protective eyewear is used.

Eyeglasses↗
PubMed1988

Site-specific melanocytic naevus counts as predictors of whole body naevi.

Counts of melanocytic naevi of 2 mm or greater diameter on all body sites were conducted in 197 Caucasian adults in Scotland. Mean naevus numbers were greater in young than in older adults, and in females than in males. Naevus counts on the upper limbs, lower limbs, and trunk were strongly and significantly correlated with each other and with whole body counts. Thus, where whole body counts are impractical, counting naevi at any of these individual sites should provide a satisfactory method for studying naevus distribution in large populations.

Arm↗
PubMed1987

UVA-induced melanocytic lesions.

The occurrence of melanocytic lesions following PUVA therapy is well documented. We describe a patient who developed similar lesions after cosmetic use of a home sun-bed without psoralen administration. Histological examination showed increased numbers of large and sometimes atypical melanocytes, which may theoretically act as precursors for melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cutaneous and ocular side-effects of oral photochemotherapy: results of an 8-year follow-up study.

To determine the long-term cutaneous side-effects of oral photochemotherapy (PUVA), we examined 95 patients, 59 with psoriasis and 36 with mycosis fungoides (MF). These comprised 80% and 69% respectively of the patients with these disorders treated with PUVA in our department from 1977 to 1985. Two psoriatic patients had squamous carcinomas, both of whom had received high cumulative UVA doses and also methotrexate concurrently with PUVA. Six patients with MF had actinic keratoses. The mean age of these patients (69 years) was significantly greater than the mean age of the patients without actinic keratoses (54 years), but there was no significant difference in their cumulative UVA doses. No patients developed basal cell carcinomas or malignant melanoma. 'PUVA lentigines' were found in 46% of the patients. They were most frequent in patients currently being treated and in those who had received high cumulative UVA doses, but persisted for up to 7 years after discontinuing therapy. Seventy-one patients had yearly ophthalmological examinations, or a single examination at least 3 months after commencing PUVA. This examination included retinal function tests to detect any subclinical visual impairment. Five of these patients had cataract prior to PUVA therapy, and were significantly older (mean age 71 years) than those without cataract (mean age 53 years). Three patients (mean age 61 years) developed new lens opacities whilst receiving PUVA. However, none of these patients was considered to have cataract as none had impairment of visual acuity due to lens opacity. No patients without lens opacity developed evidence of subclinical visual impairment.

Actins↗
PubMed1986

An assessment of the diagnostic value of the monoclonal antibodies Leu 8, OKT9, OKT10 and Ki67 in cutaneous lymphocytic infiltrates.

Biopsies from 63 patients, 40 with mycosis fungoides (MF) and 23 with other lymphocytic infiltrates, were stained with a panel of monoclonal antibodies to differentiation antigens (OKT10, Leu 8), to activation antigens (OKT9), and to an antigen expressed by all dividing cells (Ki67) to establish whether this panel was of value in the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides. None of these antibodies used in isolation was found to give a staining pattern specific for mycosis fungoides, but the phenotype Leu 3a+, OKT9+, Leu 8- of the majority of lymphocytes in the cutaneous infiltrate was strongly suggestive. The presence of Leu 3a+ Leu 8- lymphocytes is of particular interest in that in the peripheral blood both of normal subjects and of MF patients Leu 3a+ lymphocytes also are predominantly Leu 8+, were the lymphocytes in the cutaneous infiltrates of the non-MF infiltrates included in this study.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Further evidence of the safety of tar in the management of psoriasis.

Current concern over the carcinogenic potential of cytotoxic drugs and photochemotherapy used in the management of psoriasis increases the need for an accurate assessment of the 'background' incidence of carcinoma in psoriatics not receiving these modalities. This study compares the observed incidence of carcinoma in 719 tar-treated psoriatics with that expected, based on data from the West of Scotland Cancer Registry. No increase in malignancy was found in psoriasis over that expected in the general population.

Adolescent↗