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Biomedical subjects

R Neumann

Publications and source records attributed to R Neumann.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Determination of the nucleotide sequence for the penton-base gene of human adenovirus type 5.

The major structural proteins of adenovirus (Ad), which form the external capsid, are hexon, penton base and fiber. The primary structure of the Ad5 penton base has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the corresponding gene. It has 98.6% homology with the sequence of the analogous protein from Ad2. This result is in contrast with the significantly lower homology found for the two other major structural proteins, the hexon and the fiber.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1988

[1 percent clindamycin phosphate solution versus 5 percent benzoyl peroxide gel in papulopustular acne].

In a multicenter study, 60 patients suffering from mainly moderate papulopustular acne were treated to pically either with 1% clindamycin phosphate in alcoholic solution or with 5% benzoyl peroxide gel, 30 patients each. During the treatment period of 9 weeks, clinical controls with lesion counts were performed every 3 weeks and after a 3 weeks follow-up. The therapeutic efficacy according to the reduction of papules and pustules was 72% in the benzoyl peroxide group and 73% in the clindamycin group, the latter showing significantly less side effects. On account of its good therapeutic results, we consider topical treatment with clindamycin phosphate an important alternative to systemic antibiotic or topical benzoyl peroxide therapy in acne.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1988

Comparative evaluation of non-radioactive in situ hybridization techniques for pathologic diagnosis of viral infection.

We have compared the efficiency of biotinylated DNA probes and various visualization techniques with 35S-labeled DNA probes in routine paraffin sections from the pathology service; both autopsy and biopsy tissue were investigated. Probes included DNA genomic fragments from cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods of detection by Pathogene II kit (ENZO) and Blue Gene kit (BRL) with visualization by AEC, NBT/BCIP, Immunogold (Janssen) and autoradiography were used. The study shows most satisfactory results by applying the Blue Gene-NBT/BCIP combination followed by the Immunogold technique. Data obtained by these techniques compare well to those of using radioactive DNA probes and autoradiography.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Effect of intraocular lens implantation on combined extracapsular cataract extraction with trabeculectomy: a comparative study.

In an attempt to assess the effect of posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation on the outcome of combined extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and trabeculectomy we compared 23 eyes subjected to ECCE and trabeculectomy with 23 eyes subjected to a triple procedure-that is, with the addition of IOL implantation. The results showed that IOL implantation did not have a detrimental effect on postoperative IOP reduction, gain in visual acuity, or needs for antiglaucoma medication. The incidence of anterior chamber reactions consisting of the development of posterior synechiae and fibrin formation was significantly higher when IOL had been implanted. However, the fibrin was generally absorbed within 14 days and the posterior synechiae did not occlude the visual axis. We conclude that IOL implantation should be included in these combined operations with the object of rehabilitating visual function.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Detection of DNA-protein binding in western blots by phosphorus-labeled and biotinylated DNA probes.

Eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins can be detected by a filter binding assay combining protein blotting on nitrocellulose, incubation with DNA by filtration, and the application of radioactively or nonradioactively labeled DNA probes. Basic nuclear and non-nuclear standard proteins are assayed in dot blots as well as in Western blots from sodium dodecyl sulfate gels. The DNA-binding ability of fractionated proteins is compared employing two different blotting techniques, conventional electro-transfer and protein-renaturating capillary transfer. Biotinylated DNA probes exhibit high sensitivity and a distinct discrimination of detection signals corresponding only to defined DNA-binding proteins. In contrast, phosphorus-labeled DNA probes show higher sensitivity, but less effective resolving power, especially for bands localized close to each other. Using the DNA-incubation procedure described, biotinylated DNA probes are preferable to radioactively-labeled probes for screening DNA-binding proteins in complex protein fractions.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Preparation and characterization of long chain amino acid and peptide vesicle membranes.

Four amino acid dicarboxylic amphiphiles which contain cysteine or homocysteine were synthesized. Each forms synthetic bilayer membranes upon hydration. Extensive sonication above the lipid phase transition temperature, 61 to 82 degrees C, produced 1000 A diameter vesicles. Treatment of the vesicles with water-soluble carbodiimides during and after sonication induced oligopeptide formation at the vesicle surface with retention of vesicle size and shape. Size exclusion chromatography indicates the products are predominantly di- to decapeptides. The permeability characteristics of the amino acid and peptide vesicles to [3H]glucose and 6-carboxyfluorescein are reported. The amino acid vesicles are among the least permeable nonpolymerized bilayer vesicles described in the literature to date. Formation of the peptide vesicles increases the membrane permeability, whereas in other polymerizable lipid vesicles the permeability decreases upon polymerization. The amino acid vesicles can be immobilized on Sephadex beads by reaction with carbodiimide. The impermeability, biodegradability, and ease of immobilization make this class of vesicles attractive materials for the encapsulation of reagents.

Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic↗
PubMed1987

Responses to GABA by isolated insect neuronal somata: pharmacology and modulation by a benzodiazepine and a barbiturate.

Mechanically dissociated neuronal somata from the thoracic ganglia of Locusta migratoria and Schistocerca gregaria were viable in vitro for hours and were current- and voltage-clamped to record the responses evoked by brief pressure applications of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the presence of various modulators. The application of GABA and muscimol, but not baclofen, produced a hyperpolarization and concurrent increase in the membrane conductance. The current underlying this response reversed at -65 mV, was evoked in all cells tested and showed outward rectification. In 6 of 74 Locusta neurones but not in the neurones of Schistocerca, GABA and muscimol evoked a biphasic response. The initial, fast phase was indistinguishable from the GABA-evoked current seen in all neurones. The remaining predominant, slow and long-duration component of the response was an inward current over the membrane potential range 0 to -80 mV, increasing with hyperpolarization. The GABAA antagonists bicuculline and pitrazepin were without effect on the fast GABA response while picrotoxin was a potent blocker of both the fast and the slow GABA responses. Flunitrazepam enhanced the amplitude of the fast response by up to 70% without increasing its duration. Sodium pentobarbital enhanced both the amplitude and the duration of the fast GABA response. We conclude that the locust thoracic neuronal GABA receptor/channel complex resembles the vertebrate GABAA receptor in having associated modulatory receptor sites for benzodiazepines and barbiturates, but differs from it in terms of the pharmacology of the GABA receptor itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The study of a French family with two duplicated C4A haplotypes.

The finding of two duplicated C4A haplotypes in a normal French family led to a detailed study of their C4 polymorphism. The father had an extremely rare A*6A*11, B*QO haplotype inherited by all of his children and the mother had the more common A*3A*2, B*QO haplotype. Two HLA identical daughters only have four C4A alleles. The father's A11 allotype expresses Ch:1 (Chido) rather than Rg:1 (Rodgers) and represents a new Ch phenotype Ch:1,-2,-3,-4,-5,-6. In order to clarify the genetic background in this unusual family, DNA studies of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were undertaken. The father's rare haplotype, which expresses two C4A allotypes, results from a long and a short C4 gene normally associated with the A*6, B*1 that also exhibits the Bg/II RFLP. As it travels in an extended MHC haplotype HLA A2, B57(17), C2*C, BF*S, DR7 that is most frequently associated with A*6, B*1, we postulate that the short C4B has been converted in the alpha chain region to a C4A gene which produces a C4A protein. This report of a short C4A gene is the first example in the complex polymorphism of C4.

Alleles↗
PubMed1987

[Technic of nucleic acid hybridization and its significance for diagnostic problems].

Nucleic acid hybridization techniques (e.g., Southern blotting and in situ hybridization) gain increasing importance in laboratory medicine, as demonstrated by examples in this paper. The molecular basis of this approach to detect nucleic acids homologous to known DNA probes is explained. It is concluded that this technique has advantages in the detection of pathogens compared to other methods used in laboratory medicine.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMed1987

Detection of adenovirus nucleic acid sequences in human tonsils in the absence of infectious virus.

Human tonsillar and adenoid tissues from surgical specimens and cell cultures established therefrom were screened for adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) sequences by in situ hybridization. For labeling we have utilized biotinylated DNA probes. We report detection of adenoviral sequences after hybridization with adenovirus type 2 DNA probes in tissues as well as in cell cultures from specimens without any signs of infectious virus even after long-term cultivation. In the infected tonsils only some of the cells appear to carry viral sequences. In conclusion, truly latent adenovirus infections in man seem to occur.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1987

Treatment and course of erythema chronicum migrans.

72 patients with Erythema chronicum migrans were treated with phenoxymethyl penicillin, 1,5 mill. IU p.o. three times a day for 14 days. Two children got the same therapy, but in a dosage of 400,000 IU three times a day for 10 days. In three of 15 skin samples, taken from the periphery of ECM lesions, spirochetal organisms were isolated. Of the 72 patients 16 had raised IgG (greater than or equal to 128) and 9 had raised IgM (greater than or equal to 64) titers to Borrelia burgdorferi. Under treatment with phenoxymethyl penicillin (penicillin V) all ECM lesions resolved within 6 to 10 days. After an observation period of 9 to 14 months no major or minor late manifestations of Lyme disease have developed in any of the 72 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Epidemiology of borrelia infections in Austria.

From April 1984 to July 1985 873 cases of Borrelia infections were registered at the Hygiene Institute of the University of Vienna. 2609 serum samples of these patients were investigated for antibodies against B. burgdorferi by means of IFA- and ELISA-tests. Erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) was recognized in 60.9% of patients, neurological abnormalities were recorded in 23.4% of which the majority manifested themselves as polyradiculitis and meningopolyneuritis (MPN). Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA) was recognized in 11.5%. A small number of patients suffered from Lymphadenosis cutis benigna (LCB), arthritis and cardiac abnormalities. Sixty percent of patients were females and 40% males. Infections were found in all age groups ranging from 2-83 years in females and 1-85 years in males. Tick- or insect-bites prior to the onset of illness were reported by 47.2% and 15.6% of patients, respectively. The main vector is the hard tick Ixodes ricinus. Flying insects from the family tabanidae, i.e. Chrysops caecutiens and Haematopota species, must also be considered as transmitters. Antibodies to B. burgdorferi were found in 22.3%, 93.6% and 100% of sera from patients with ECM, MPN and ACA, respectively. Six of 11 patients with LCB and all with arthritis and cardiac abnormalities showed serologic reactivity. Geographically, Borrelia infections are distributed in all states of Austria. The seasonal distribution of cases show a peak in July and August, but the onset of clinical manifestation could be observed throughout the year. These results present Austria as an area where tick- or insect-borne Borrelia infections are very frequent and endemic in all Austrian states.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1987

Parenteral interferon-alpha treatment of psoriasis.

12 patients suffering from psoriasis were given recombinant interferon (IFN)-alpha-2c at a daily dosage of 2.5 X 10(6) or 5 X 10(6) IU for up to 4 weeks by the intramuscular route. One patient showed complete regression and remained free of lesions after 12 months of follow-up. Three patients were judged as partial remission with stop of scale formation and flattening of skin lesions. No beneficial effect was seen in 8 patients. Side effects due to IFN-alpha application, such as fever, headache, malaise, and chills disappeared with subsequent treatments. Our findings suggest a possible positive effect of IFN-alpha in psoriasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans in association with lichen sclerosus et atrophicans: tubulo-interstitial nephritis and urinary excretion of spirochete-like organisms.

We report about a 38-year-old male patient with coexisting acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans, lichen sclerosus et atrophicans and recurrent diabetic metabolic disorders since 9 years. Serologically IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi could be detected. Moveless winded structures, morphologically resembling borreliae could be demonstrated in the urine sediment by dark field microscopy. Additionally a tubulo-interstitial nephritis was diagnosed by the presence of a dysmorphic hematuria, a pathological polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and raised alpha 1- and beta 2-microglobulin in the urine. We suggest that the excreted spirochete-like structures are borreliae. They may be the putative infectious agent for the development of lichen sclerosus et atrophicans in the genital area.

Acrodermatitis↗