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Biomedical subjects

R S Filo

Publications and source records attributed to R S Filo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Specificity of the suppressor cell activity of intestinal lymphocytes.

Experiments were designed to examine the functional characteristics of lymphocytes harvested from the human intestine. Lymphocytes were harvested from the intestines of patients undergoing intestinal resection for a variety of gut disorders. The mitogenic and allogeneic responses of gut lymphocytes were found to be comparable with the response of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Intestinal suppressor cell activity was found to be more specific against other intestinal lymphocytes than peripheral mononuclear cells. The regulation of the intestinal immune response in various bowel disorders may be determined at a local level to a greater degree than had been previously appreciated.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1983

Glomerular endothelial injury related to renal perfusion. A scanning electron microscopic study.

To elucidate abnormalities in renal morphology related to perfusion preservation, we examined kidneys perfused for 60 hr with a scanning electron microscope. In addition to tubular necrosis and fused glomerular visceral epithelial foot processes, we identified changes in the glomerular endothelial and arterial endothelial surfaces. The glomerular endothelium revealed fenestrae that were smaller and more irregular than normal, as well as abnormal bulbous projections. The arterial endothelium displayed striking degenerative changes. These abnormalities may account for the altered glomerular function and intravascular coagulation that occur in some kidneys preserved by lengthy perfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Histoplasmosis in renal allograft recipients. Two large urban outbreaks.

During two large outbreaks, ten episodes of histoplasmosis were documented in eight renal allograft recipients. Another episode occurred before the outbreaks. Associated infections with cytomegalovirus occurred in five patients and may have further impaired cellular immunity. Prolonged fever was the predominant clinical finding; and dissemination was observed in seven of our nine patients, including three with meningitis. Special stains of tissues and the histoplasmal complement fixation test provided useful diagnostic information rapidly, while cultures were eventually positive in seven patients. Treatment with amphotericin B resulted in prompt clinical improvement in all patients, but relapse occurred in two patients one year following therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of In-111 labeled lymphocytes in an acute rejection model.

Four days after surgery, canine renal allografts were studied with 290-500 microCi of In-111/10(8) lymphocytes. All transplants were visualized, implying that it may not be necessary to harvest large numbers of lymphocytes from immunosuppressed patients. On the day of renal transplant, a second set of dogs were injected with 80-150 microCi of In-111/10(8) lymphocytes. No delayed visualization could be seen 2-4 days later when rejection commenced. Cellular damage, even at this lower level of labeling, may require injection of labeled lymphocytes after the onset of the rejection process in order to visualize the rejection organ.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Cadaver donor renal transplantation by centers of the Southeastern Organ Procurement Foundation.

This report summarizes the results after two years of a continuing prospective study of cadaver donor renal transplantation being conducted by the Southeastern Organ Procurement Foundation (SEOPF). Data are presented on 942 first grafts. Blood transfusions were found to be a major (if not the major) determinant of allograft survival. HLA-A and -B matching was of significant value and the effect of compatibility became more significant as time passed. ALS provided for better long-term survival of more compatible grafts, but it was not a "safer" immunosuppressant. Autogenous nephrectomy appeared to aid in the survival of more incompatible allografts, but not more compatible allografts. Kidneys obtained and implanted locally and kidneys obtained at one center and implanted at another had the same incidence of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) as well as the same patient and graft survival. Preservation time did not relate to ATN, patient survival, or graft survival (within the limits of the study); however, ATN did adversely affect graft survival. The final systolic pressure of the perfusion pump was the only perfusion characteristic which predicted ATN. Race, sex, pregnancy, and duration of dialysis did not correlate with graft survival if the effects of transfusions and compatibility were controlled.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1981

Salmonella mycotic aneurysm after renal transplantation.

A 50-year-old renal transplant recipient had Salmonella sepsis. When antibiotic therapy failed to eradicate the infection, abdominal aortography revealed an unsuspected mycotic aneurysm. After ligation and aneurysmectomy the patient's blood stream became sterile. Mycotic aneurysm should be considered when Salmonella sepsis is unresponsive to antibiotic therapy.

Aneurysm, Infected↗
PubMed1981

Reversal of acute renal allograft rejection with adjunctive AG therapy.

A randomized and controlled study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive antithymocyte globulin (ATG) therapy for the treatment of the initial rejection episode in first transplants of Haplo-LRD and cadaveric kidneys. When compared to the control group, which received only standard antirejection treatment (SAT) of steroid pulsing and local irradiation, the adjunctive ATG treatment group demonstrated significantly faster recovery rates from rejection as well as better graft survival rates (67% versus 91%, respectively, p = .01) after the first rejection. ATG treatment did not result in fewer subsequent rejection episodes than SAT but long-term allograft survival rates remained significantly superior to controls for the entire 3-year study period. By avoiding ATG treatment in those patients who never experienced clinical rejection on maintenance immunosuppressive therapy, i.e. nonresponders (32/130--25%), complications associated with excessive immunosuppression were minimized, i.e., graft and patient survival were 100%. The combined results in a 1-year patient survival of 97% and graft survival of 84%. These results suggest that use of ATG therapeutically for the treatment of rejection is efficacious and may be superior to the prophylactic method of ATG treatment in renal transplant patients.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1980

Strongyloides stercoralis in chronic renal failure: safe therapy with thiabendazole.

The pharmacodynamics of thiabendazole (TBZ) and its metabolite, 5OH-thiabendazole (5OH-TBZ), were studied in an anephric patient with Strongyloides stercoralis pneumonitis. No toxic manifestations were noted in the patient, and serum TBZ and 5OH-TBZ levels were comparable to those in eunephric patients. We conclude that thiabendazole, in the usual recommended dose of 25 mg/kg twice daily, given to patients with compromised renal function is reasonable and safe.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

In vitro effects of cyclosporin A on lymphocyte subpopulations. 1. Suppressor cell sparing by cyclosporin A.

The fungal metabolite, cyclosporin A, is a potent immunosuppressive compound. Experiments were performed in vitro with both human and nonhuman primate peripheral blood lymphocytes to study the effect of this agent on suppressor cell activity. Cyclosporin A did not affect the generation or function of concanavalin A-induced suppressor lymphocytes as measured by their ability to suppress thymidine uptake of lymphocytes in secondary cultures. No evidence of suppressor cell induction was noted by incubation of lymphocytes with only cyclosporin A. We conclude that, although cyclosporin A does not generate or induce suppressor cell lymphocytes, it does spare them, while inhibiting other subpopulations. This effect may create an imbalance in the immune system which results in profound suppression.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Therapy of acute cadaveric renal allograft rejection with adjunctive antithymocyte globulin.

A randomized and controlled study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive antithymocyte globulin (ATG) therapy for the treatment of the initial rejection episode in first cadaveric transplants. When compared to the control group (29), which received only standard antirejection treatment (SAT) of steroid pulsing and local irradiation, the adjunctive ATG treatment group (23) demonstrated significantly faster recovery rates (8.9 +/- 4.1 versus 6.9 +/- 3.7 days, P = 0.05, respectively) and better graft survival rates (62 +/- 9% versus 91 +/- 7%, respectively) after the first rejection. ATG treatment did not result in fewer subsequent rejection episodes than SAT but long-term allograft survival rates remained superior to controls for the entire 3-year study period. By avoiding ATG treatment in those patients who never experienced clinical rejection on maintenance immunosuppressive therapy, i.e., nonresponders (23 of 90), complications associated with excessive immunosuppression were minimized. The combined results of the non-responder group of patients and ATG-treated patients resulted in a 1-year patient survival of 97% and graft survival of 86%. These results suggest that the most efficacious use of ATG is therapeutic and not prophylactic in renal transplant patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Joint effusions after kidney transplantation.

Thirty-seven consecutive renal transplant recipients were studied prospectively for joint disease. Six developed arthralgias while corticosteroid doses were being lowered. Eleven patients (30%) developed knee effusions at a mean interval of 10 days following transplantation. Synovial fluids were colorless or very pale yellow, with few leukocytes (mean, 28/mm3). These benign transudative effusions did not correlate with immunologic abnormalities, transplant rejection, crystal deposition, or avascular necrosis and may have been due to high dose oral corticosteroid therapy.

Adolescent↗