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Biomedical subjects

R S Filo

Publications and source records attributed to R S Filo.

88 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The transmission of Candida albicans by cadaveric allografts.

Two transplant patients suffered Candida infections after receiving homografts from a cadaveric donor whose urine culture yielded Candida albicans greater than 100,000 colonies per ml. In both patients the infections became apparent after large doses of methylprednisolone were administered for acute rejection. Flucytosine proved to be inadequate therapy but modified doses of amphotericin B served to eradicate the infection in each case. Donor urine cultures yielding Candida albicans should be interpreted as representing a transmissible infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The immunosuppressive mechanism of azathioprine. I. In vitro effect on lymphocyte function in the baboon.

The effect of azathioprine on in vitro baboon lymphocyte function tests was evaluated using the mitogen stimulation test, the mixed lymphocyte culture test, the migration inhibition factor test, the cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity test and the antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity test. It was found that azathioprine inhibited phytohemagglutinin and Concanavalin A stimulation at lower concentrations than those required to inhibit pokeweed mitogen stimulation. It inhibited the MLC reaction with as little as 0.2 mug/culture in the microculture system. Azathioprine had no effect on (a) the release of migration inhibition factor, (b) the cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity assay if presensitized cells were used, and (c) the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay. However, azathioprine inhibited CML if it was added during in vitro sensitization and induction of killer cells. These in vitro results suggest that azathioprine inhibits those reactions which require cellular division.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Abnormal tubular permeability in hypothermic perfused kidneys.

Isolated canine kidneys perfused with cryoprecipitated plasma at 15 degrees C exhibit unexpectedly low inulin clearance (CIn) and creatinine clearance (CCr) rates. CIn and CCr, as well as p-aminohoppurate (PAH) clearance, varied linearly with urine flow rate, whether the variations in urine flow were spontaneous or induced, either by elevating perfusion pressure or by adding mannitol to the perfusate. Retrograde intraureteral injection (RII) of an isotonic fluid containing dextran, inulin, and PAH, followed by a period of ureteral occlusion and subsequent serial recollection of the injected fluid, revealed that inulin and PAH, relative to dextran, were lost from distal tubular fluid. Similar experiments in anesthetized dogs indicated no loss of inulin or PAH from tubules of in situ kidneys. Renal venous perfusate, collected from isolated kidneys during the low pressure phase of the RII, contained the following percentages of the quantities injected intraluminally: dextran, 9.22%; inulin, 11.0%; and PAH, 22.0%. These data indicate that a low measured glomerular filtration rate in hypothermic perfused kidneys is partly due to diffusion of inulin or creatinine out of the tubular lumen.

Aminohippuric Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neurologic complications of pediatric liver transplantation.

The neurologic complications of 24 children, ages 5 months to 18 years, following orthotopic liver transplantation at the Indiana University hospitals are reported. Biliary atresia (14 patients) was the most common cause for orthotopic liver transplantation. Three children died. Seventeen children (70%) had no neurologic deficit on follow-up 6 months or longer after transplantation. Eleven children (46%), including 4 of 16 patients (25%) who had received OKT3, had neurologic complications. Seven children (29%) had new-onset seizures; 4 of these patients had status epilepticus. Two children had intracranial hemorrhage. Seizures occurred later in children than in adults following orthotopic liver transplantation and were not associated with poor prognosis. Longer term follow-up is indicated to assess subtle, cognitive deficits following liver transplantation in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preclinical in vivo testing of a rotational mechanical thrombolytic device.

PURPOSE: To establish the safety and efficacy of the Arrow Trerotola mechanical percutaneous thrombolytic device (PTD) for restoring patency of thrombosed hemodialysis grafts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The hindlimb model of dialysis grafts was created in six dogs. Animals had either unilateral (n = 4) or bilateral (n = 2) polytetrafluoroethylene grafts, totaling eight grafts. Grafts were deliberately clotted 48 hours before thrombolysis. Thrombolysis was performed with five different versions of the PTD constructed of stainless steel (n = 12) or nitinol (n = 26) and rotated with use of a hand-held motor drive. After thrombolysis, fistulography was performed. RESULTS: Thirty-eight procedures were performed with the PTD, with 100% success. Thirty-day patency, evaluated in a subset of 15 procedures, was 100%. Complications included a single arterial embolus (2.6%) and eight device breakages (21%, all but two with the stainless steel version); none had any clinical consequences. A final modification of the nitinol device yielded 11 consecutive procedures without further breakage. No residual thrombus occurred in any procedure. Pathologic examination showed no significant injury to the vessels or neointima. CONCLUSION: The PTD is highly effective for mechanical thrombolysis in an animal model of clotted dialysis grafts. Based on this animal model, the device appears safe in its final modified form.

Alloys↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence and management of arterial emboli from hemodialysis graft surgical thrombectomy.

PURPOSE: To determine the incidence and significance of arterial emboli resulting from surgical thrombectomy/revision of hemodialysis grafts. This information may help in determining the significance and management of similar emboli resulting from percutaneous hemodialysis graft thrombolysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients undergoing surgical thrombectomy/revision of clotted hemodialysis grafts are studied with postoperative fistulography per institutional protocol whenever possible. For this retrospective study, all postoperative fistulograms from a 1-year period were reviewed for the presence of arterial emboli. Patients with documented arterial emboli were examined for evidence of hand/digital ischemia; only those patients with signs or symptoms of ischemia were treated. At clinical follow-up, repeated evaluation for hand/digital ischemia was performed. RESULTS: Ninety-one thrombectomy/revision procedures were performed during the study period. Postoperative fistulograms were obtained after 67 of these procedures in 32 patients. One patient complained of hand pain during dialysis prior to acquisition of the postoperative fistulogram. Arterial emboli were documented in eight patients (12%; brachial, n = 3; radial, n = 2; ulnar, n = 2; radial/ulnar, n = 1). The single symptomatic brachial embolus was percutaneously removed; no intervention was undertaken in the remainder. At mean follow-up of 14 months, no patient had developed hand or digital ischemia. Subsequent fistulograms demonstrated partial (n = 2) or complete (n = 2) resolution of the untreated emboli. CONCLUSION: Arterial emboli are a relatively common occurrence with surgical thrombectomy/revision. Conservative management appears to be indicated in asymptomatic patients.

Angiography↗