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Biomedical subjects

R Sandri

Publications and source records attributed to R Sandri.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Long-term evaluation of a new single lead VDD pacemaker].

Since June 1988 we have implanted 36 VDD pacemakers with single lead catheter which has floating differential sensing (Phymos). The patients were affected by 2nd and 3rd degree AV block with normal sinus node function. The reliability of the pacing system was assessed acutely and after 1 and 3 months and then every six months with ECG, Holter 24 hours monitoring, exercise stress test and nifedipine test. Two patients died during the follow-up period and two had atrial fibrillation. In the remaining patients an AV synchronization between 95 and 100% was demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Bacterial endocarditis in pregnancy. Description of 2 cases and review of the literature].

Bacterial endocarditis in pregnancy is uncommon. We described two cases: the first case of endocarditis, caused by staphylococcus epidermidis (at the 35th week of pregnancy) was complicated by severe aortic valvular insufficiency; the second case, endocarditis caused by streptococcus alpha hemolytic (at the 32nd week of pregnancy) was complicated by severe mitral valvular insufficiency associated with multiple systemic emboli. Therapy consisted, in the first case of partum-induction followed by antibiotic therapy; in the second case it consisted of specific antibiotic therapy followed by gestation. There was no maternal or fetal mortality in the two cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ocular biodistribution of clonidine after topical application with ophthalmic rods or solution.

We compared the ocular tissue and systemic blood distribution patterns of clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist with ocular hypotensive activity, after topical application with ophthalmic rods or ophthalmic solution (eyedrops) in rabbits. We measured tissue concentrations at 0-240 minutes after administration with rods containing 5 micrograms, 10 micrograms, or 20 micrograms clonidine, or a 0.125% (62.5 micrograms) solution. The delivery efficiency of the rods was 65 - 71%. The rods and eyedrops had similar absorption and distribution patterns intraocularly and in systemic blood. Tissue concentrations of clonidine achieved were proportional to the dose delivered; peak ocular tissue concentrations were reached within 20 minutes (except for the lens). Clonidine concentrations were: tears greater than cornea greater than iris/ciliary body greater than or equal to aqueous humor greater than lens. We concluded that the ophthalmic rod offers a viable alternative to ophthalmic solution for the topical delivery of clonidine.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

[Efficacy of diltiazem in blood pressure increase caused by exertion].

After examining the properties of the 3 most widely used calcium antagonists, the paper assesses the efficacy of Diltiazem in reducing blood pressure rises after exercise in a group of 7 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. The blood pressure response to a standard load (50 W x 3 m2) on the exercise cycle was monitored in a group of patients under chronic digitalis treatment (phase I) after which the same patients' response to varying doses of Diltiazem (180-240 mg/day) was assessed (phase II) and finally (phase III) their response to treatment with Diltiazem alone but no digitalis. A significantly greater reduction in the systolic pressure and heart rate after exercise was noted in patients given Diltiazem with or without Digoxin than in those given digitalis alone. It is therefore concluded that Diltiazem may be useful in controlled blood pressure and heart rate increases after exercise, especially in patients with ischaemic heart disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Percutaneous and systemic disposition of hexamethylene lauramide and its penetration enhancement effect on hydrocortisone in a rat sandwich skin-flap model.

The percutaneous absorption and distribution profile of hexamethylene lauramide (hexahydro-1-lauroyl-1H-azepine) were examined using a rat skin-flap model. After a topical dose to the skin flap, the drug concentrations in the vasculature at the site of drug application and in the systemic blood were monitored simultaneously. Hexamethylene lauramide penetrated the skin and reached a steady state in stratum corneum, viable epidermis, dermis, and cutaneous blood in 3 hr. Its concentration in the skin was much higher than that in the blood. Its apparent concentration in the epidermis was 19 times that in the dermis and about 3000 times that in the cutaneous blood. The percutaneous absorption of 14C-hexamethylene lauramide resulted in ascending systemic blood concentrations throughout the experimental period, whereas the cutaneous blood levels remained steady. The topically absorbed hexamethylene lauramide was quantitatively recovered in urine (85%) and feces (13%). The half-lives of urinary and fecal excretion of 14C-hexamethylene lauramide were 17 and 30 hr, respectively. Hexamethylene lauramide, when topically coadministered in an experimental formulation, enhanced the skin penetration of hydrocortisone with increased drug contents in the stratum corneum (2-fold) and with increased hydrocortisone concentrations in the cutaneous blood (3.4-fold) and the systemic blood (3.5-fold). The results indicated that the high concentration and retention of hexamethylene lauramide in stratum corneum and viable epidermis may contribute to its penetration enhancement effect in the skin. A steady state in percutaneous tissues was observed before the drug reached distribution equilibrium systemically. The systemic blood concentration of a topically applied agent therefore may not reflect its percutaneous kinetic processes before a systemic distribution equilibrium is reached.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1987

Disposition of levobunolol after an ophthalmic dose to rabbits.

The ocular and systemic disposition of levobunolol (LBUN), an antiglaucoma agent, was studied in albino rabbits. After topical administration to eyes, LBUN was rapidly adsorbed, with 2.5% of the dose bioavailable to the intraocular tissues as intact drug and 46% to the systemic circulation. On passage across the cornea, approximately 4.7% of a topically applied LBUN dose was biotransformed to dihydrolevobunolol (DHB), and subsequently became bioavailable to intraocular tissues. The major sites of ocular metabolism were the cornea epithelium and the iris-ciliary body. Another 12% of the topical LBUN dose entered the systemic circulation as DHB after presystemic biotransformation. Our study indicated a rapid absorption of LBUN into the aqueous humor after topical dosing. The tpeak was 15 min after dosing and the Cmax was 4 micrograms/mL. Dihydrolevobunolol (DHB) was formed steadily and reached a maximum in the aqueous humor 45 min after dosing. After distribution equilibrium had been reached, the aqueous humor concentrations of both LBUN and DHB declined. Six hours after dosing, the concentration of DHB in the aqueous humor was approximately 10 times higher than that of its parent compound. Because DHB is equivalent to its parent compound in beta-blocking activity, its formation in the rabbit eye may contribute to the pharmacodynamic effects observed after topical doses of LBUN.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Anomalous chordae tendineae of the left ventricle. Echocardiographic study].

Left ventricular false tendons (or anomalous bands) have been described in several anatomic studies. Recently the echocardiographic features of such false tendons have been reported also. We have found a prevalence of 36 cases in 1,600 consecutive patients examined (2.2%). False tendons represent a rather common and benign phenomenon. Echocardiography is the most useful tool in the detection of false tendons.

Adolescent↗