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Biomedical subjects

R Saura

Publications and source records attributed to R Saura.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Interactions of immunoglobulins and chondrocytes.

Our study relates to damage of articular cartilage by deposition of immune complexes. Addition of IgG to cultured chondrocytes affected their metabolism--boosting metalloprotease synthesis, generating superoxide anion (O2-), and reducing the synthesis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (S-GAG). Heat aggregation of the IgG enhanced its effect on O2- and S-GAG. Some interleukin 1 beta (38 pg/ml) was detected by ELISA after exposure to heat aggregated IgG. There was no cytotoxic effect due to IgG alone, but addition of complement (5% bovine serum) caused significant loss of intracellular 51Cr, which was further increased by addition of heat aggregated IgG. Similar responses of chondrocytes in vivo might account for immune complex mediated damage of cartilage.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of the risks of transabdominal chorionic villus sampling. 600 cases].

The authors report their experience with fine needle chorionic villus sampling carried out transabdominally. Six hundred antenatal karyotype diagnoses were made using this method. The indications were: maternal age: 509 (85%), previous chromosomal abnormalities: 57 (9.5%), parental chromosomal abnormalities: 19 (3%), X chromosome linked diseases: 9 (1.5%), others: 6 (1%). The patients were divided into two groups according as to whether the test was carried out before or after 12 weeks of amenorrhea (Group 1 and Group 2). Each group was divided into two sub-groups according to whether the amniotic membranes were broken or not. The test was carried out using a 20 gauge needle under ultrasound control with a to-and-fro movement using continuous aspiration. The success rate was 98.4%. Minor complications were rare. Contractions 9 (1.5%), spotting 4 (0.6%), small haematomas 13 (2.1%), loss of amniotic fluid 4 (0.6%). The level of unintentional abortions depended on the duration of the pregnancy and whether the amniotic cavity or not was entered. In group 1 (before or at 12 weak amenorrhea) there were 2 abortions out of 124 cases (1.6%) and if the needle entered the amniotic cavity 10 out of 57 cases (17.5%). In group 2 (after 12 weeks of amenorrhea) there was no ill effect from going into the amniotic cavity to the rest of the pregnancy. The abortion rates was 6 out of 419 (1.43%). There were no false positive or negative results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abdomen↗
PubMed1991

Long-term results of posterior release surgery for severe flexion contracture of the knee in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Twelve knees in nine rheumatoid patients with severe flexion contractures were evaluated clinically and roentgenographically for an average of 17.2 years (range, six to 25 years) after posterior release surgery. Preoperatively, the average extension in the 12 knees was 42.5 degrees, and postoperatively it was 10.8 degrees. Even though patients were able to walk postoperatively, the majority had knee pain when they extended their knees soon after surgery. Seven knees required further surgery after correction of the flexion deformity. The average time before reconstructive surgery after posterior release was 11.1 months. In the treatment of severe flexion deformities of the knee in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, posterior release surgery was effective only in correcting the deformity. Posterior subluxation of the tibia, knee pain, and instability occurred soon after surgery. Therefore, patients may require additional reconstructive surgery soon after the posterior release.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Chromosomal analysis of colonic adenomatous polyps.

Chromosomal analysis of 25 colonic adenomatous polyps was performed by a direct method similar to that used in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal aberration on chorionic villi. Fourteen lesions showed an abnormal karyotype. Two changes were recurrent: trisomy 7 (observed in eight cases) and trisomy 13 (observed in seven cases). No monosomy of the short arm of chromosome 17 was observed even at the level of two polyps with in situ carcinoma lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Risks of transabdominal chorionic villus sampling before the 12th week of amenorrhea.

The authors report on a series of 210 chorion villus sampling diagnoses made with a needle by the transabdominal route. The rate of fetal loss was 4.2 per cent. Placental localization was important: fetal losses were 8 per cent when the placenta was strictly posterior (transamniotic route), whereas it was only 1.6 per cent when it was not posterior. Moreover, all fetal losses occurred (apart from one at 12.5 weeks of amenorrhea) before the 12th week of amenorrhea. The authors suggest that choriocentesis by the transabdominal route should not be performed before the 12th week of amenorrhea, and that the amniotic membrane should not be disturbed before the 13th week of amenorrhea.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1989

Inhibition of in vitro vascular endothelial cell proliferation and in vivo neovascularization by low-dose methotrexate.

Neovascularization in the rheumatoid synovium plays an important role in the propagation of rheumatoid synovitis because the emigration of mononuclear cells and the growth of pannus are critically dependent on the development of small blood vessels. Inhibition of local vascular endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, which is essential for growth of these vessels, therefore, would have the potential to suppress rheumatoid inflammation. We investigated the effects of methotrexate (MTX), low doses of which are commonly administered to rheumatoid arthritis patients, on DNA synthesis by human umbilical vein EC in vitro and on rabbit corneal neovascularization in vivo. MTX inhibited both basal and EC growth factor-stimulated tritiated deoxyuridine (3H-UdR) incorporation into EC in a dose-dependent manner. Significant inhibition was observed at a concentration of 5 x 10(-9) M, which is that attained in the serum of treated patients. Neovascularization in vivo was also suppressed by low-dose intramuscular injections. These results suggest that MTX has an antiangiogenic effect, and may suppress rheumatoid inflammation through the reduction of synovial small blood vessels responsible for mononuclear cell infiltration and proliferation of synovial tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Direct chromosome analysis in the second and third trimesters by placental biopsy in 30 pregnancies.

Direct chromosome analysis was performed on placental villi obtained by ultrasound-guided transabdominal needle aspiration in 30 women at between 23 and 37 weeks gestation. Placental biopsy is simple in the presence of severe oligohydramnios where fetal blood sampling is usually more difficult. Direct karyotyping of placental villi is more rapid than chromosomal analysis from fetal blood and from amniotic fluid. Two chromosomal anomalies were discovered: one trisomy 18 and one 6p+. Villus sampling failed in one woman and two samples obtained at 36 and 37 weeks gestation could not be karyotyped. The procedure did not affect the outcome of the pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Inhibition of human endothelial cell proliferation in vitro and neovascularization in vivo by D-penicillamine.

To investigate the effects of D-penicillamine (D-Pen) on angiogenesis, we have studied the effects of this drug on in vitro proliferation of human endothelial cells (EC) and in vivo corneal neovascularization. D-Pen, in the presence of copper sulfate, suppressed tritiated thymidine ([3H]TdR) incorporation into EC in a dose-dependent manner. Significant inhibition was observed with D-Pen concentrations attainable in the serum and tissues of treated patients. Neither D-Pen nor copper ion alone significantly affected [3H]TdR incorporation into EC. The inhibition by D-Pen and copper was blocked by catalase (CAT) or horseradish peroxidase but not by boiled CAT or SOD. When rabbits were daily injected intravenously with D-Pen at the per kilogram dosage administered to rheumatoid patients, neovascularization as quantitated by the proliferation of corneal new blood vessels was significantly inhibited. These results suggest that hydrogen peroxide generated by D-Pen and copper exerts a pronounced antiangiogenic effect through inhibition of EC proliferation. It is, therefore, considered that D-Pen may suppress rheumatoid synovitis by reducing the number of small blood vessels available for the emigration of chronic inflammatory cells, and the proliferation of the synovial tissue.

Catalase↗
PubMed1988

[Basal decidual hematoma persisting after biopsy of the trophoblast].

A late complication of CVS by forceps biopsy is reported. It is the immediate formation of a retroplacental hematoma on the location of the sampling which is revealed by a bleeding across the cervix. During all the pregnancy retroplacental hematoma and bleeding will persist until the delivery by cesarean section at 31 weeks of amenorrhea. Such a late complication has not been reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Placentocentesis, a new technic in the prenatal diagnosis of chromosome aberrations in the 3d trimester. A preliminary study apropos of 5 cases].

The authors report 5 cases in which placentocentesis was used for late antenatal diagnosis between the 25th and 34th week of amenorrhoea. As the placenta was anteriorly placed, samples were obtained by aspiration through the abdominal route under ultrasound control. The fetal karyotype could be determined in 2 days using a direct method. It showed normal chromosome pictures in all 5 cases. There was no complication in any of these cases following the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Improvement of a chromosomal technic for trophoblast biopsy. Apropos of 200 cases].

The authors report their experience of 200 cases of prenatal diagnosis by biopsy of chorionic villi. Because they could not consistently obtain good quality chromosome banding, they propose a modification of the conventional direct method. The addition of methanol in sufficient proportions to the nuclear suspension makes it possible to obtain spontaneous spreading on slides heated to 65 degrees C and eliminates the problems of mechanical spreading.

Adult↗