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Biomedical subjects

R Singer

Publications and source records attributed to R Singer.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Hyperthermia induced by open-field stress is blocked by salicylate.

Psychological stress results in a rise in body temperature. Here we report that in rats, hyperthermia induced by open-field stress can be blocked by administration of the antipyretic drug sodium salicylate. These data suggest that this rise in body temperature is a true fever, perhaps mediated by prostaglandins.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and sperm abnormalities in ex-addict to heroin, morphine, and hashish.

A 40-year-old male had been addicted to heroin, morphine, hashish, and other narcotics for 12 years. At examination, 2 years after abstinence from drugs, his semen analysis revealed oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and morphologically abnormal spermatozoa such as "round-headed" and "kinked"--sperm with neck abnormalities and immature forms. There was no evidence of other morphological abnormalities or of the presence of morphologically normal sperm. A possible correlation is discussed between the long-lasting drug addiction and morphological sperm abnormality, endocrinological function, karyotype, and immunological status.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Polymyxin B use does not ensure endotoxin-free solution.

Polymyxin B is often added to in vitro samples to 'ensure' that endotoxin activity is removed. We present data, from the standard rabbit pyrogen test and the Limulus amebocyte lysate assay, that polymyxin B bound to a gel support will bind some, but not all, endotoxin. These data, in conjunction with previously published data by Morrison and Curry (1979), indicate that those studies that have relied on polymyxin B to inactivate endotoxin must be re-evaluated.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1985

Beta-endorphin in normozoospermic and pathologic human semen.

beta-Endorphin was estimated in normozoospermic, oligozoospermic and azoospermic human semen. The mean amount in normozoospermic specimens was 278.6 +/- 43.6 (SE) pg/ml while in the others only 191.1 +/- 25 pg/ml. Both values are significantly higher than those present in the blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Immediate free vascularized joint transfer from second toe to index finger proximal interphalangeal joint: a case report.

The results of treatment of severe injuries to the proximal interphalangeal joint are unsatisfactory. The methods of joint reconstruction are discussed, including fusion, implant arthroplasty, perichondrial grafting and vascularized joint transfer. A patient is presented with a severe crush injury to the dorsum of the index finger with loss of skin and extensor tendon and proximal interphalangeal joint disruption. Immediate reconstruction of the finger is described using a composite free flap of skin, extensor tendon and proximal interphalangeal joint from the second toe. Follow-up at two years is described, demonstrating proximal interphalangeal motion and finger function.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the forearm: a case report.

A 40-year-old man sustained a circumferential crush injury to his right forearm. Four months after injury, he experienced the onset of numbness and tingling in the distribution of the median nerve after exercise. Elevated compartment pressures of the palmar forearm and slowing of median nerve conduction after exercise suggested chronic exertional compartment syndrome. A flexor fasciotomy led to complete relief of symptoms, which allowed the patient unrestricted activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of age on the febrile response of rats to endogenous pyrogen.

Mechanisms underlying the decreased febrile response in the elderly have not been elucidated. One hypothesis is that elderly persons have a decreased response at the hypothalamic or peripheral effector level to endogenous pyrogen (EP). We studied the response to human monocyte-derived EP in young adult and aged Fischer 344 rats, a strain known to have an age-dependent decrease in the febrile response to endotoxin. EP was given intraperitoneally to aged and young adult rats kept at 26 degrees C (thermoneutral zone) or at 15 degrees C (a mild cold stress), in order to accentuate possible peripheral thermoeffector defects. At 26 degrees C, the febrile response in aged rats was similar to that in young adult rats. At 15 degrees C, the febrile response was lower in both groups, but the aged rats did not differ from the young adult rats. When EP was given by intracerebroventricular injection to aged and young adult rats, at 26 or at 15 degrees C, no differences in the febrile responses were noted. Thus, it appears that in aged Fischer rats the hypothalamic response and the peripheral effector response to EP are intact. Further studies on the production and release of EP by rat monocytes are needed to explain the diminished febrile response to endotoxin in the aged rat.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

Lack of correlation between human y-positive spermatozoa and acrosomal abnormalities and variations in intensity of fluorescence of sperm stained with quinacrine compounds.

Seminal fluid from 170 men was examined for acrosomal abnormalities of sperm (Papanicolaou procedure X 1000) and for y-positive cells (quinacrine-stained smears). No correlation was found between these parameters, suggesting that acrosomal abnormalities are similarly distributed among x- and y-bearing spermatozoa. The proportion of y-positive sperm was found to be low (23.6 + 10.7% (SD) for the oligozoospermic specimens and 23.7 +/- 9.8% for specimens with sperm counts above 40 million/ml). Three degrees of fluorescence intensity were observed--weak, moderate, and strong--the strong fluorescence being associated with the highest percentage of y-bodies (30.6 +/- 12.7%, 36.6 +/- 5.7%) and the weak fluorescence with the lowest (16.7 +/- 7.0%, 15.0 +/- 9.5%). It is suggested that structural abnormalities and/or metabolic alterations in either the DNA molecule or the chromosomal proteins may be responsible for variability in the ability to bind quinacrine compounds.

Acrosome↗
PubMed1985

Deoxyribonuclease activity in human sperm.

A previous failure to detect DNase activity in human sperm sonicates was ascribed to an inadequate amount of sperm used. In the present work aliquots contained more sperm (1.5-2.5/10(6)), permitting the detection of enzyme activity. The latter was significantly higher in spermatozoa of oligozoospermic origin compared with activity in normospermic specimens.

Deoxyribonucleases↗
PubMed1985

Better laboratory evaluations of instruments and kits are required.

There are many published protocols for evaluating instruments and reagent-kit sets, and a plethora of papers describe the results of evaluations performed. It might be assumed, therefore, that this facet of clinical chemistry has no problems, but examination of evaluations of instruments published in the first half of 1984 shows flaws in some aspects of experimental design and execution, statistical analysis, and interpretation of data. We believe that clinical chemists, manufacturers and suppliers, and journal editors and referees can all contribute to improvement of this situation, and we suggest some guidelines for each of these groups.

Chemistry Techniques, Analytical↗
PubMed1985

[Contact therapy in the pharynx and oral cavity areas: after-loading technic, irradiation planning and results].

The contact irradiation in the region of pharynx and mouth with an afterloading unit is presented. Twelve patients with recurrent carcinomas of the squamous cell epithelium have been treated. A stable and reproducible positioning of the source probes in the tumor region is made possible by special applicator prostheses which are adapted to the post-operative situation. The irradiation scheme is based on the transformation of the source co-ordinates from the stereoradiographic localization system into the co-ordinate system of the computed tomogram. At least three fixed metal points which are inserted in the applicator prostheses and visualized by stereoradiography as well as by computed tomography serve as mutual reference points for both co-ordinate systems. The source positioning in the tumor region is optimized by CT irradiation planning. Three cases are presented in order to describe the principles of the method. Preliminary results are discussed.

Brachytherapy↗