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Biomedical subjects

R Ulbrich

Publications and source records attributed to R Ulbrich.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Abnormal pregnancy sonogram and chromosomal anomalies: four years' experience with rapid karyotyping.

Over a four-year period, 140 pregnancies with different malformations detected by ultrasound were examined cytogenetically. Gestational age ranged from 13 to 36 weeks. Twenty-six fetuses (18.6 per cent) had abnormal karyotypes, including trisomies, triploidy, monosomy X, and structural anomalies. Similar malformations were found in fetuses with different chromosomal anomalies, indicating that the types of malformations are not specific for particular chromosomal anomalies. Chromosomal analysis was performed on amniotic fluid culture and by direct karyotyping of placental biopsies. Direct karyotyping is suggested to be the most rapid approach, especially if sonographic anomalies are detected close to the 24th week of gestation, shortly before delivery, and in cases of significant oligohydramnios.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1989

Protein stabilization by blocking the native unfolding nucleus.

Studies on the thermal inactivation of immobilized enzymes result in a novel conception of protein stabilization. The native protein molecule is suggested to be characterized by a specific structural region where the unfolding process starts. Accordingly, enzyme stabilization by immobilization is the result of blocking this unfolding nucleus.

Amylases↗
PubMed1988

Sonographic detection of an asymptomatic rupture of the uterus due to necrosis during the third trimester.

This is a report on the first sonographic detection of a silent rupture of the uterus in the 33rd week of pregnancy of a 35-year-old patient. On the basis of the clear sonographic picture immediate cesarean section was (considered) indicated in spite of lack of clinical symptoms. The intraoperative situs confirmed the sonographic diagnosis of a ruptured uterus related to an old cesarean section, combined with partial necrosis of the lower uterine segment.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Partial deletion of 4p in fetal cells not present in chorionic villi.

A case of a prenatal diagnosis at the second trimester is presented showing a normal karyotype in 12 metaphases from chorionic villi. In all cultured amniotic cells, however, and also in all fetal fibroblasts analyzed after abortion a structural anomaly (46,XY;del 4(pter----p15.2) was detected. Prenatal diagnosis was performed because of intrauterine growth retardation, cleft lip and esophagus atresia by ultrasound. The fetal stigmata are compatible with the Wolf Hirschhorn syndrome. We conclude that amniocentesis may be indicated notwithstanding a normal CV-diagnosis in those rare pregnancies with a characteristically abnormal ultrasound.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

[Comparison of chemical and thermal stability of soluble and immobilized alpha-amylases from B. licheniformis and A. oryzae].

alpha-Amylases from B. licheniformis and A. oryzae, which differ in their thermal stability, were studied with respect to their resistance to chemical denaturants as guanidine hydrochloride, urea, aliphatic alcohols, and formaldehyde. Moreover, the thermal and chemical stabilities of both enzymes were compared after their covalent binding to gamma-aminopropyl silica. The thermolabile alpha-amylase (A. oryzae) as well as the thermostable alpha-amylase (B. licheniformis) are remarkably stabilized by immobilization. Therefore, the high thermal resistance of the thermophilic enzyme may be further increased. Soluble and immobilized alpha-amylases from B. licheniformis are more resistant to guanidine hydrochloride, urea, methanol, ethanol, propranol, and t-butanol than the alpha-amylases from A. oryzae. Obviously, the high intrinsic stability of the thermophilic enzyme is also valid for chemical denaturation. An exception is given by the effect of formaldehyde, which may result in chemical modifications of the protein molecule. Enzymes from B. licheniformis are more sensitive against formaldehyde than those from A. oryzae. As in thermal inactivation, immobilization protects alpha-amylase from A. oryzae against denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride and urea, but fails in the denaturation by alcohols. Therefore, stabilizing effects in immobilized enzymes are dependent on the kind of denaturant.

Aspergillus↗
PubMed1986

Phagocytic activities in neonatal monocytes.

Monocytes play an essential role in cellular host defense as circulating phagocytes, as well as precursors of macrophages. We investigated the principal phagocytic activities in monocytes from cord blood of term infants by analysing adherence, random migration, chemotaxis, bactericidal activity, phagocytosis-associated chemiluminescence, production of superoxide anion (O-2) and generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). All phagocytic functions of monocytes from neonates were shown quantitatively to be comparable to those of cells from healthy adult volunteers. The increased susceptibility of the human neonate to serious systemic infections cannot be related to an abnormality in monocyte function.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1985

[Cervix ripening and labor induction in therapeutic abortion in the middle and late 2d trimester using intracervical and extra-amniotic prostaglandin gel administration].

In 64 patients for therapeutic abortion between the 17th to 26th week of pregnancy abortion was induced with a standardized two-step procedure. After priming of the cervix with intracervical application of prostaglandin gel, labour was induced with extraamniotic PG-administration under epidural anaesthesia. The priming effect was demonstrated objectively in 10 patients with a mechanical tonometer. Prostaglandin F2 alpha, PGE2 and sulprostone were used in the study. There were no significant differences in the total length of therapy (cervix priming time plus induction of labour to abortion interval) between the three groups of patients. Except for 4 patients who required an instrumental extraction of the fetus, abortion occurred in all the patients within a total time of 30 hours (93.8%). The mean induction of labour to abortion interval was 8.3 hours (range: 1.0 to 17.3 hours) in all patients and there was, again, no significant difference between the three groups. Epidural anaesthesia gave a painless induction of abortion in 60 out of 62 patients, while 2 patients required additional analgesics. In 2 patients epidural anaesthesia was contraindicated. In contrast to the systemic administration of PG the incidence of gastrointestinal side effects was low (10.9%). In one case a cervical lesion was observed due to a tenaculum laceration. Although there was no general antibiotic prophylaxis endometritis occurred in only 3 cases (4.7%). The combination of intracervical PG gel for cervical priming, extraamniotic PG gel for labour induction and epidural anaesthesia presents a gentle and efficient method for the termination of pregnancy in the middle to late second trimester.

Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal↗
PubMed1984

Congenital ventricular diverticulum in the brainstem. Report of four cases.

This report concerns rare ventricular malformations observed in four fetal brains. Multiple aqueductal diverticula were the only malformation of the central nervous system (CNS) in one case, unilateral diverticula of the 4th ventricle in a holoprosencephaly and a hydrocephaly, and a ventral accessory aqueduct in a fetus with trisomy 18. These findings are the pathologic progression of embryonal ventricular recesses which may be seen in normal brains.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Exencephaly in Cantrell-Haller-Ravitsch Syndrome.

A case of exencephaly associated with spinal dysraphism and Cantrell-Haller-Ravitsch syndrome is described. Significant findings included exencephaly, multiple subcortical neuroepithelial islets with active proliferation, cerebellar aplasia, and abnormal flexion of the neuraxis with spinal dysraphism of the cervicothoracic region. The various features of exencephaly, anencephaly, and iniencephaly are discussed. The significance of subcortical growth zones is evaluated in the light of experimental observation.s

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Changes of the clinical presentation of abruptio placentae.

There is an increase of the diagnosis "a.p." during the last years, especially stage 0 + 1. Qualified US monitoring seems to be responsible for this fact. Abruptio placentae is reversible in some cases. Conservative management can be done under intensive care conditions if antenatal treatment is indicated.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1984

[Diagnosis of fetal sex from trophoblast DNA].

By using recombinant DNA technology fetal sex determination was performed with 13 different trophoblast samples. In all cases trophoblast and fetal sex were identical. The importance of first trimester trophoblast biopsy for the prenatal diagnosis of inherited disease is being discussed.

DNA↗
PubMed1984

Urinary excretion, osmolarity and electrolytes after bolus-injection of fenoterol in female rabbits.

The effects of bolus injections of 1.0-80.0 micrograms/kg body weight fenoterol on urinary excretion, osmolarity and electrolytes were studied in unanesthetized, water-loaded rabbits. In animals infused initially with isotonic solution over 2 h with 60 ml/h and thereafter over 10 h with 45 ml/h, urine excretion was 538 ml/12 h, sodium excretion was 65.4 mmol/12 h, and potassium excretion was 4.8 mmol/12 h. In animals injected with 5.0-80.0 micrograms/kg body weight fenoterol, a strong antidiuresis occurred, lasting for 2 (10.0 micrograms/kg) to 4 h (80.0 micrograms/kg). Due to the strong antidiuresis, urinary osmolarity was significantly elevated for 2 (10.0 micrograms/kg) to 3 h (80.0 micrograms/kg). The changes of sodium excretion after fenoterol injection were very similar to those of urine excretion. Maximum reduction of sodium excretion was found after injection of 10.0-80.0 micrograms/kg body weight fenoterol, the effect lasting for 1 h (10.0 micrograms/kg) to 4 h (80.0 micrograms/kg). Potassium excretion was significantly reduced after injection of 5.0-80.0 micrograms/kg body weight fenoterol. In contrast to all the other parameters measured, potassium excretion remained significantly reduced until the end of the infusion period in animals treated with 10.0-80.0 micrograms/kg body weight fenoterol and was not dose dependent. Our data presented in this work extend earlier findings in the rabbit in that bolus injection of fenoterol also results in a drastic decrease of urine and electrolyte excretion. The results are discussed with special reference for the management of acute fetal distress with betamimetics and to the development of pulmonary edema that has been shown to occur under therapy with betamimetics on both female rabbits and humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Plasma hormone concentrations in induced abortion with local prostaglandin administration in the 1st trimester].

Abortion was performed by curettage on 71 women with pregnancies between the 7th and the 13th week of gestation seven to eight hours after intracervical application of a tylose gel containing 3mg prostaglandin F2 alpha. Prior to the application of the prostaglandin and immediately before the surgical intervention a sonographic examination for determining the vitality of the pregnancy was carried out.--Plasma progesteron, estradiol and HPL levels were determined radioimmunologically prior to the application of prostaglandin, at four-hour intervals on the day of intervention, and 24, 48 and 72 hours after the intervention. In 22 women a complete or an incomplete abortion occurred; in two cases a blighted ovum was observed; 47 pregnancies, according to sonographic examination, remained intact until curettage. After seven to eight hours duration of the effect of the prostaglandin gel, progesterone levels were found to be reduced to 60.5 per cent and 17-beta-estradiol to 31.4 per cent of the initial values, whereas the HPL values fell below the specificity of the testing procedure (12.5 ng/ml). Comparative investigations of the pregnancies which, according to sonographic findings, remained intact until curettage and those which were aborted after the application of prostaglandin did not, in spite of low plasma progesterone and estradiol levels in the abortive group, reveal any statistically significant differences. The abortive effect--even with local application--of the prostaglandins was confirmed. Conclusions regarding the effective mechanism of the prostaglandins upon the fetoplacental unit and the function of the corpus luteum remain subject to speculation.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1982

[Degradation of inactivated alpha-amylase by associated proteases].

Alpha-Amylase preparations often contain small quantities of proteolytic activity which are difficult to remove. On the example of fungal alpha-amylase, such associated proteases have been shown to possess a specific activity to the denatured amylase molecules. The amylase is not attacked under native conditions, whereas in the thermal denaturation a rapid degradation of only the inactivated molecules occurs. A specific metabolic function of these associated proteases in the return of denatured amylase molecules to the amino acid pool is suggested.

Amylases↗
PubMed1982

[Early stage of a cloverleaf skull malformation].

Cloverleaf skull anomaly was diagnosed sonographically and in the fetogram, together with concomitant chondrodystrophy. This resulted in an indication for intentional abortion in the 29th week. Consequently, this rare form of skull monstrosity could be examined pathologico-anatomically for the first time in a very early stage of foetal development. Contrary to the widely held opinion that the reason for such hideous malformation is a hydrocephalus internus due to a deformation of the skull base, we found a practically negligible hydrocephalus, although the cloverleaf skull had already developed in a very marked manner. Hence, this case contradicts the generally adopted formal pathogenetic interpretation of cloverleaf skull monstrosity.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1980

Transient congenital hypothyroidism after amniofetography.

A newborn infant who presented with giotrous congenital hypothyroidism is described. Thyroid dysfunction was due to amniofetography performed 4 days before delivery, during which a total of 5.22 g of iodine as water- and lipid-soluble contrast medium was injected. After oral L-thyroxine treatment hypothyroidism disappeared rapidly. Thyroid function remained normal when treatment was withdrawn after 28 days, underlining the transient character of hypothyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Necessity of training and safety in gynecological laparoscopy--a contradiction?].

At the Gynaecological University Hospital Göttingen 1659 laparoscopies were performed 1961-1978 by 67 gynaecologists with an average of 24,8 laparoscopies per gynaecologist. Most of the doctors were still in their training period, assistance was always given by a specialist gynaecologist. Only in 5 cases (0,3 per cent) laparotomy was necessary due to complications following laparoscopy or laparoscopicsterilization. Injuries of the transverse colon, the greater omentum and a mesenteric artery-caused by the trocar-were seen, also diffuse bleeding from the parietal peritoneum and from the ramus of the Fallopian tube. No deaths due to laparoscopic complications occurred. The incidence of severe complications can be kept within tolerable limits in a training hospital where the majority of the operations are performed by doctors in training, when the following conditions are strictly adhered to: Careful consideration of the risks involved in laparoscopy/laparoscopic sterilization and other less invasive diagnostic and contraceptive methods, strict attention to the contraindications of laparoscopy and performance of a standardized laparoscopic technique under the supervision of an experienced operateur.

Burns↗