PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Baba

Publications and source records attributed to S Baba.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Influence of dietary fiber (konjac mannan) on absorption of vitamin B12 and vitamin E.

The subjects of this study were six normal and five maturity onset diabetics. On the first day of the study, subjects were given a control test meal, prepared by adding vitamin B12 3000r (mecobalamin) and vitamin E 500 mg (tocopherol acetate), after a 12-hr overnight fast. Then, on the second day in the case of the normal subjects, and on the seventh day in the case of the diabetic subjects, the subjects received a second test meal with 3.9 g konjac mannan (glucomannan). Venous blood samples were taken immediately before the test meal and again after 1, 3, 5, 8, 12 and 24 hr for analysis of vitamins. The absorption rate of vitamin E into the intestine was reduced when konjac mannan was added to the test meals, but that of vitamin B12 was not reduced in normal or diabetic subjects. It is suggested that konjac mannan reduces fat-soluble vitamin absorption removing bile acids, but does not reduce fat-insoluble vitamin absorption in the intestine.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of gliclazide and glibenclamide treatment in non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

Gliclazide has been reported to decrease platelet function and to inhibit the progression of diabetic retinopathy in addition to having a hypoglycemic effect. To confirm these effects we performed a double-blind randomized study using glibenclamide as a reference drug. Thirty-eight hospitals from eight university groups in Japan performed the study on type II diabetic subjects. Evaluation of blood glucose control, platelet adhesiveness, platelet aggregation and blood lipids over 24 weeks were assessed by the central committee. Two hundred and eighty-nine patients were enrolled in the study. Twelve were excluded and 277 were statistically analysed. Homogeneity between the two diabetic groups was demonstrated for background factors. Forty mg of gliclazide was comparable to 2.5 mg of glibenclamide in the potency of hypoglycemic efficacy. Funduscopic aggravations were observed in a statistically smaller number of cases in the gliclazide group than in the glibenclamide group and in evaluation of serum lipids, the gliclazide group was also superior to the glibenclamide group. No significant difference between the two groups was found in platelet adhesiveness and aggregation. Gliclazide is a useful drug in the therapy of diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Syntheses of deuterated phenylpropionic acid derivatives.

2-(4-(2-Thienylhydroxymethyl)phenyl) propionic acid (I), 2-(4-carboxyphenyl) propionic acid (II), 2-(4-(5-hydroxy-2-thienylcarbonyl)phenyl)propionic acid (III) were labeled with multiple-deuterium for the purpose of using as internal standards in studies on the metabolism of 2-(4-(2-thienylcarbonyl)phenyl)propionic acid (suprofen, IV), anti-inflammatory agent, in man and animals by the mass fragmentography. I-d4 was obtained in a 93% yield from IV-d4 by reduction with sodium borohydride, and its deuterium content was 99 atom%. On the other hand, II-d4 (99 atom% D) was obtained by four-step synthesis from 2-((4-bromophenyl-d4)1, 1-ethyleneglycol)propane (V) in a 43% yield and III-d4 (98.4 atom% D) by five-step synthesis from V in a 12% yield.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1983

Studies on the percutaneous absorption of paeonol in experimental animals by a radioactive tracer technique.

Studies on in vivo percutaneous absorption of paeonol (2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone: I) in rabbits, guinea pigs, and rats were carried out by a radioactive tracer technique. Hydrophilic ointment (specific activity: 376 Bq (0.01016 microCi)/mg) containing I[carbonyl-14C] was applied for 24 h by occlusive dressing treatment on the shaven back of experimental animals. Then, the 14C-activity in urine, which is the dominant excretion route, was determined for 8 days. Percentage excreted within 24 h after application to rabbits, guinea pigs, and rats were 42.8%, 46.5% and 52.0%, respectively. Urinary metabolites were identified as 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone, resacetophenone, and substrate I in all the case.

Acetophenones↗
PubMed1983

Absorption and excretion of suprofen in both sexes of rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits.

DL-2-(4-2-Thienylcarbonyl)phenyl)propionic acid (suprofen) was rapidly absorbed in both sexes of rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits after oral administration. Blood levels after a single dose of 2 mg/kg 3H-suprofen in all the animals reached maxima within 15 min, and elimination of the 3H from blood was rapid; the radioactivity was mostly excreted in the urine and feces within 24 h after dosing.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Ex vivo autoradiography of the human gastrointestinal tract: a new approach to cell kinetic studies of surgically removed tumor-bearing organs.

Surgically obtained portions of the human gastrointestinal tract were perfused with oxygenated perfluorochemical blood substitute, Fluosol-DA (FDA), containing tritiated thymidine. This procedure of ex vivo autoradiography was performed at the RI Center by perfusion of the isolated organ with FDA from a reservoir 190 cm above the organ through a cannula inserted into the main artery. Microautoradiographic sections revealed that the distributions of labeled nuclei in the normal epithelium of the esophagus, stomach, jejunum, colon and rectum coincided well with those reported previously. However, in the normal colonic mucosa in cases of familial adenomatosis, no expansion or shift of the proliferative zone to the upper part of the mucosa was observed. No significant difference was observed between the labeled figures of normal colonic mucosa of cases of familial adenomatosis and ordinary colonic cancer. This is the first report of ex vivo autoradiography of the gastrointestinal tract of man for studies on cell kinetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical effect of a cephalosporin derivative, cefotiam, on otorhinolaryngologic infections].

CTM was administered at dose levels of 1 to 3 g a day to 77 cases of otorhinolaryngological infections, and the following results were obtained: The effect of the drug was determined in 75 cases. The responders were 3 out of 5 (60.0%) in acute suppurative otitis media, 4 out of 11 (36.4%) in chronic suppurative otitis media, 39 out of 43 (90.7%) in tonsillitis and peritonsillar abscess and 12 out of 16 (75.0%) in other diseases, a total of 58 out of 75 cases (77.3%). The bacteriological effect of CTM was evaluated in 53 cases, and bacterial eradication was demonstrated in 41 cases (77.4%). Also, its antibacterial potency was 2 to 4 times superior in comparison to that of CEZ against isolated bacteria in which MICs were measurable. Side effects which were neither severe nor specific were recognized in 3 out of 77 cases (3.9%). In the cases with abnormal laboratory values, none was determinable to be attributed to CTM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Therapeutic evaluation of an ampicillin suppository (KS-R1) used against acute suppurative otitis media in children: a comparison with an oral preparation].

A comparative well-controlled study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of KS-R1 (ampicillin rectal suppository, 125 mg X 4/day) administered to the rectum as compared with those of orally administered ampicillin (ABPC) with same dosage. The results obtained were as follows. The clinical effect of the drug was judged in 100 cases (suppository group in 45 cases, oral group in 55 cases) out of 111 cases. The overall efficacy rates evaluated on standard criteria were 93.3% for the suppository group and 89.1% for the oral group. There was no statistically significant difference between 2 groups. Evaluation by stratification according to the dose, disease type and age also revealed a slightly higher efficacy rate on each parameter in the suppository group, but no significant difference between 2 groups. The bacteriological effects evaluated in 84 cases (suppository group in 38 cases, oral group in 46 cases) were 94.7% and 93.5%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between 2 groups. Side effects were evaluated in 101 cases (suppository group in 46 cases, oral group in 55 cases), but the incidence rate showed no significant difference between the 2 groups; 3 cases (each 1 of abdominal pain, periproctal redness and periproctal erosion) were observed in suppository group and 2 cases (each 1 of stomach pain + soft stool and diarrhea) in oral group. The results indicate that KS-R1 is equally effective and tolerable against acute suppurative otitis media compared to oral administration of ABPC, and considered to be useful.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

[Double-blind comparative trial of cefroxadine and cephalexin in the treatment of acute suppurative otitis media and acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media].

A double-blind controlled trial of cefroxadine (CXD) 250 mg t.i.d. was undertaken to objectively evaluate its safety and effectiveness in the treatment of acute suppurative otitis media and acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media, using cephalexin (CEX) 250 mg q.i.d. as a control drug, and the following results were obtained. In the treatment of acute suppurative otitis media, the 2 drugs produced almost equal outcomes, showing no significant difference in assessments of both overall effects and usefulness. In the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media, the 2 drugs exhibited no significant difference as well in overall effects by Wilcoxon's two-sample test. However, the CEX group had significantly more nonresponsive patients, i.e. 35.5% as compared with 9.7% of the CXD group (chi 2-test, P less than 0.05). In the assessment of clinical usefulness as well, no significant difference was observed between the 2 groups. In the assessment of overall effects based on the patients whose isolated organisms were sensitive to the drugs, CEX group had more patients not responding to the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media (chi 2-test, P less than 0.05). Bacteriological effects were not significantly different between the 2 drugs in both acute suppurative otitis media and acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media. Overall safety rating was not significantly different between the 2 drugs. Side effects occurred as the symptoms of digestive organ in 2 patients each in both groups (equally an incidence of 2.6%). As for the improvement of each symptom after treatment (assessed on day 3), CXD was superior in the improvement rate of otorrhea volume as the main symptom of acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media, while CEX was superior in that of otoobstruction feeling. From the above findings, it is presumed that CXD is a safe drug which can exhibit equal or superior therapeutic effects to CEX in the treatment of acute suppurative otitis media and acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media, at 3/4 of the CEX dose level.

Adolescent↗