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Biomedical subjects

S Chaudhry

Publications and source records attributed to S Chaudhry.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Shared and specific allergenic and antigenic components in the two sexes of American cockroach--Periplaneta americana.

The whole body extracts (WBEs) of female and male cockroaches (Periplaneta americana; Pa) were prepared separately to study the specific and/or shared allergenic and antigenic components in the two sexes. These two extracts were skin-tested on 170 respiratory allergy patients and 52 (30.6%) of them elicited a markedly positive cutaneous reaction (2+ to 4+) to any one or both the WBEs. Of these 52 patients, 32 (61.5%) produced a 2+ to 4+ response to only one, and the remaining 20 (38.5%) to both the extracts. In female and male RASTs to Pa both the extracts produced dose-related inhibition. Using rabbit anti-Pa female serum: (1) immuno-diffusion experiments resulted in lines of identity with the two extracts, and (2) the two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis of Pa female and Pa male WBEs elicited 12 and nine precipitin peaks, respectively. In partial purification studies, only fraction Pa(F)III (approximately 50 kD) of Pa female WBE and Pa(M)I (greater than or equal to 600 kD) and Pa(M)III (approximately 50 kD) fractions of Pa male WBE revealed significant allergen activity both on skin testing and also in RAST inhibition studies. These results provide evidence for the presence of shared as well as specific allergenic and antigenic components in the two sexes of American cockroach.

Allergens↗
PubMed1990

Role of insects as inhalant allergens in bronchial asthma with special reference to the clinical characteristics of patients.

The whole body extracts (WBEs) of 13 common insects from Delhi, namely Musca domestica (house fly); Sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil); Callosobrochous maculatus (pulse beetle); Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (mosquitoes); Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana (cockroaches: male, female and nymph); Spodoptera litura and Heliothis armigera (moths), were prepared to evaluate their allergenic significance in patients with allergic bronchial asthma. Intradermal (ID) tests were performed with these WBEs on 75 patients with bronchial asthma and 20 healthy non-allergic volunteers. An ID test was considered positive when the weal diameter was more than twice that of phosphate-buffered saline control and at least 6 mm in size and an erythema of more than 15 mm. In the patients 27.7% of the ID tests performed were total positive (1+ to 4+) as compared to 7.1% in the controls. Ten point two per cent of ID responses were markedly positive in asthmatics (2+ to 4+) as against none in controls. Of the 13 bronchial provocation tests (BPTs) performed on patients giving positive cutaneous responses, eight (61.5%) were positive. Similarly, RASTs were positive in 87.5% of the limited sera tested from the patients with positive ID responses. The patients with a positive family history of allergic disorders gave higher percentages of positive ID responses as compared to the asthmatics with no family history. Similarly, the ID positivity was significantly higher in patients with associated allergic diseases like allergic rhinitis as compared to the patients with bronchial asthma alone. Interestingly, we observed significantly higher ID response to insects in seasonal asthmatics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Effect of prior medication on intradermal test response in patients with respiratory allergies.

In a single-blind study of 23 patients with respiratory allergic disorders, we studied the effect of different antiallergic drugs on intradermal (ID) skin test response. After discontinuing the medication prescribed to patients, ID skin tests were done to determine the baseline values. The subjects were then randomly assigned different doses of different drugs orally, including theophylline (200 mg), salbutamol (4 mg), ephedrine (24 mg), and prednisolone (10 mg). Only epinephrine (1:1000) was injected subcutaneously (0.5 ml). ID skin tests were repeated 2 hours after the administration of the medicines that were taken orally. In the case of epinephrine, the tests were repeated 30 minutes after the injection. No significant differences could be observed in ID skin tests before and after the medication, irrespective of the test allergens.

Albuterol↗
PubMed1986

Multidimensional column-switching liquid chromatographic method for dissolution testing of enprostil soft elastic gelatin capsules.

Enprostil (methyl 7-[(1 R,2R,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-[(E)-(3R)-3-hydroxy-4- phenoxy-1-butenyl]-5-oxocyclopentyl]-4,5-heptadienoate), an E-type prostaglandin exhibiting anti-ulcer activity, is formulated as a propylene carbonate solution filled into soft elastic gelatin (SEG) capsules. Enprostil SEG capsules were maintained for timed intervals at 50 degrees C, 30 degrees C, and room temperature, and the quantity of drug released upon complete capsule dissolution was determined as a function of storage condition. The dissolution test adhered to USP XXI guidelines (paddle method) and used a multidimensional HPLC technique to provide a sensitive and selective enprostil assay. Parallel HPLC assays determined the enprostil concentration in the propylene carbonate fill that was physically expressed from initially manufactured and from aged capsules. This corrected for any enprostil loss via chemical degradation on storage. The study included six different aged samples (six replicates each), and for all six samples, the enprostil recovered from dissolved capsules averaged 104 +/- 1.4% of the enprostil physically expressed from the capsules. Similarly, the enprostil recovered from dissolved, aged capsules averaged 103 +/- 5% of the enprostil physically expressed from capsules at the initial time point. These findings exclude the possibility that interactions with the SEG capsule wall reduce drug availability during storage under normal conditions. The multidimensional HPLC technique should generally extend to analysis of other noncationic drugs formulated into soft gelatin capsules.

Capsules↗
PubMed1981

The use of anterior mediastinotomy to assess intrathoracic lesions.

A ten-year experience (1970-1979) with 164 anterior mediastinotomies at a VA hospital to diagnose pulmonary or mediastinal lesions or to assess the resectability of carcinoma of the lung is reported. of 135 attempts to obtain diagnosis, 130 (96%) were successful. Of 19 patients who had a subsequent thoracotomy because the anterior mediastinotomy suggested that a curative resection was possible, 17 (90%) had successful resections. Two (1.7%) patients died-one of a paraneoplastic syndrome and one from progressive respiratory failure. Eleven complications in the 162 survivors included eight minor wound infections, an initially unrecognized pneumothorax, persistent bleeding from a lymph node biopsy site, and an air leak necessitating reoperation in another. Anterior mediastinotomy is a relatively safe procedure, even in patients with advanced carcinoma or lung disease. it has much less risks than a formal thoracotomy and provides much better exposure and diagnostic possibilities than a mediastinoscopy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Salivary gland chromosome map of Anopheles aconitus Donitz (Diptera:Culicidae).

A standard map for the salivary gland chromosome banding pattern of Anopheles (Cellia) aconitus has been compiled. The banding arrangement of the species has been compared with that in another member of the Myzomyia group, Anopheles fluviatilis. Whereas the homologies of the X-chromosomes have the least correspondence, the 2R and 2L chromosomes have been found to have the closest correspondence of bands in the two species.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A preliminary map of the salivary gland chromosomes of Aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (Culicadae, Diptera).

A preliminary map of the polytene chromosomes in Aedes aegypti has been prepared. The preparations were made from the salivary glands of the late 4th instar larvae reared at low temperature. The entire chromosome complement was divided into 45 zones. The chromosomes showed a meshwork of the contents wherein they have a tendency to adhere to each other so as to form a single chromatic mass. The technical difficulties encountered in obtaining suitable preparations have partially been overcome. The banding pattern of Aedes aegypti seems to be quite independent and may be considered as unique for Aedes.

Aedes↗
PubMed1977

Studies on the salivary gland chromosomes of an isolated population of Anopheles stephensi (Diptera, Culicidae).

The salivary gland chromosomes of Anopheles stephensi from a local wild population in Nadasahib (Haryana) have been studied. The banding pattern is compared with the standard pattern of Anopheles stephensi (NICD strain). Differences in the free ends of the X-chromosome and the autosomal arms have been seen. These differences are both in the shape and the banding pattern of the free ends. The impact of ecogeographic isolation on genetic variability between the two species is also discussed. The Nadasahib population is free from natural chromosomal polymorphism, whereas 32 different types of aberrations have been seen in the NICD strain.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Folic acid enhances lithium prophylaxis.

A double-blind trial was carried out to investigate the effect on affective morbidity of a daily supplement of 200 micrograms folic acid or a matched placebo in a group of 75 patients on lithium therapy. During the trial the patients with the highest plasma folate concentrations showed a significant reduction in their affective morbidity. Patients who had their plasma folate increased to 13 ng/ml or above had a 40% reduction in their affective morbidity. It is suggested that a daily supplement of 300-400 micrograms folic acid would be useful in long-term lithium prophylaxis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Haematological and immunological abnormalities in eating disorders.

Eating disorders are associated with a wide range of physical symptoms and signs and with aberrant laboratory findings. The frequency of haematological and immunological abnormalities reflects the key role of adequate nutrition in the maintenance of normal bone marrow and immune function. The nature of these abnormalities and their clinical implications are discussed here.

Bone Marrow Examination↗