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Biomedical subjects

S Dahlgren

Publications and source records attributed to S Dahlgren.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Gastric mucus gel layer thickness measured by direct light microscopy. An experimental study in the rat.

A method for measuring the thickness of the mucus gel layer present on the gastric mucosa is described. This method enables minimal handling of the mucosal specimens and thereby minimizes the errors connected with tissue handling. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. With the rats under general anesthesia, the stomach was excised and opened along the greater curvature, and full-thickness biopsy specimens from the corpus region were obtained by means of a skin biopsy punch. From these specimens a slice of mucosa, 1 mm thick, was rapidly cut out and put into a specially made glass chamber containing 0.9% NaCl. The chamber was sealed with a cover glass. Mucus gel layer thickness could then be measured in a conventional light microscope operated at a primary magnification of x120. This method was tested on two groups of 10 rats. The animals in the control group were given 1 ml of 0.9% NaCl, and the rats in the experimental group were given 1 ml of sodium salicylate, 75 mg/kg, dissolved in saline. After 15 min the animals were anesthetized and specimens prepared for measuring mucus gel layer thickness. In the control group, the mucus gel layer measured 145 microns, whereas in the experimental group it reached a thickness of 305 microns. The method proved to be easy to use, and the effects of pharmacologic substances on the mucus gel layer in the stomach could be investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Stress stimuli-induced histopathological changes in the prostate: an experimental study in the rat.

To elucidate a suggested relationship between stress stimuli and prostatis, a histological study on the genital organs of seven rats was performed. The specimens were histopathologically examined after a 10-day period, during which the rats had been submitted to standardized stress stimuli, and compared with corresponding organs from a control group of seven male rats. Inflammatory histopathological changes and large numbers of inflammatory cells were seen in the prostatic glands of all rats submitted to the long-term stress stimuli. The findings agreed with those from the prostatic glands of human males with prostatis. No corresponding changes were observed in the control group. There was no evidence indicating a bacterial origin. The results indicate a connection between stress stimuli and prostatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Transverse colostomy or loop ileostomy as diverting stoma in colorectal surgery.

This study summarizes the clinical results after 61 operations including diverting stomas in 56 patients. 29 transverse colostomies and 32 loop ileostomies were constructed over a 2-year period. Two thirds of the operations were performed on acute indications. The patients were followed up with regard to closure rate and complications up until the end of 1985. Within this period there was a closure rate of 38% and a stoma-related complication rate of 21% without any significant difference between the two different groups of stomas. The complications following ileostomy appeared to be more serious than those after transverse colostomy.

Colonic Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Gardner's syndrome with gastric and ileal polyposis. Case report.

A case of Gardner's syndrome with multiple colorectal carcinomas and polyposis of duodenum, ileum and stomach is reported. The patient was treated with colectomy, mucosal proctectomy and ileoanal anastomosis with ileal reservoir. The rationale of saving ileum and the anal function in presence of ileal adenomas and intramucosal rectal cancer is discussed.

Duodenal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Relationship between preoperative status of the fibrinolytic system and occurrence of deep vein thrombosis after major abdominal surgery.

This study comprised 50 patients subjected to major abdominal surgery, of which 13 developed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) according to the 125I-fibrinogen test. Plasma was sampled preoperatively, for the specific analysis of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) before and during venous occlusion. The recently described fast t-PA inhibitor and plasmin alpha 2-antiplasmin complex (PAP) were also measured. The result of the laboratory analyses were correlated to the development of DVT. From the data obtained it is concluded that the evaluation of t-PA release during venous occlusion is a poor predictive factor for the occurrence of DVT after major abdominal surgery. The level of the t-PA inhibitor appears to be raised in these patients, but the values obtained in this material were not related to the development of postoperative DVT. Patients with elevated PAP levels, as shown previously, have a lesser tendency to develop postoperative DVT.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Prediction of deep vein thrombosis after extensive abdominal operations by the quotient between plasmin-alpha 2-antiplasmin complex and fibrinogen concentration in plasma.

In 97 patients over 49 years of age who underwent extensive abdominal operations, post-operative deep vein thrombosis was prospectively diagnosed by the 125I-fibrinogen test. Blood was sampled preoperatively for analysis of the plasma levels of PAP (by a radioimmunoassay) and fibrinogen. The development of postoperative deep vein thrombosis was correlated to the quotient between the preoperative plasma concentration of PAP and fibrinogen. The quotient was significantly lower in the 30 patients who had thrombosis develop postoperatively as compared with the patients who did not. A simple linear discrimination analysis showed that, in the 31 patients with a quotient of more than 0.48, only two patients (6 per cent) had deep vein thrombosis. The results emphasize the importance of the preoperative fibrinolytic status in the development of postoperative deep vein thrombosis. The results of the study indicate that the quotient between PAP and fibrinogen concentration in plasma might be used for the prediction of patients with a high risk for having deep vein thrombosis develop after undergoing extensive abdominal operations.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Plasma fibrinolytic activity in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.

The fibrinolytic system was studied in 30 patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy and in 30 with more advanced elective abdominal surgery. Blood was sampled before, during and after operation for determination in plasma of the tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), the recently described fast t-PA inhibitor, and plasmin alpha 2-antiplasmin complex (PAP). In addition the t-PA activity during venous occlusion was determined preoperatively. Most of the patients showed raised t-PA levels during surgery, but the interindividual variation was wide and was not correlated to fibrinolytic capacity measured preoperatively as enhancement of t-PA activity during venous occlusion. The levels of the t-PA inhibitor rose during and immediately after surgery, and were higher in patients without increased t-PA activity during surgery. The patients with more advanced disease had higher levels of the inhibitor than the cholecystectomy patients. The data suggest that the t-PA inhibitor may influence the fibrinolytic response to surgical trauma and may explain the previously reported shutdown in fibrinolysis in the early postoperative period. PAP, used as reflecting the overall fibrinolytic activity, was increased in plasma after the first postoperative days.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy.

The history of a pregnant woman with primary hyperparathyroidism is presented. The patient underwent successful operation during the second trimester and the subsequent pregnancy and delivery were completely normal. Previously, 72 women with an established diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy are reported in the English literature. Twenty-three women underwent operation during pregnancy and 18 normal children were born. Fifty women with a total of 79 pregnancies during a hyperparathyroid state bore 35 normal children while 40 births had different kinds of complications. It is thus clearly documented that the risk of severe fetal complications is much higher if the hyperparathyroidism is left untreated than if the mother undergoes operation during the pregnancy. Therefore when the diagnosis is established the mother should undergo operation, if possible during the second trimester, which minimizes the complication rate significantly in both mother and child. Correction of the hypercalcemic state enables the development of adequate parathyroid gland function in the baby.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Spontaneous recanalisation after vasectomy. A case report.

Spontaneous recanalisation of the vas deferens is a wellknown but seldom seen complication to vasectomy. The recanalisation process is initiated in a spermatic granuloma. The present case report describes a recanalized vas deferens.

Genital Diseases, Male↗
PubMed1983

Fibrinolytic activity in plasma and deep vein thrombosis after major abdominal surgery.

In a prospective study of the frequency of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in 45 patients subjected to major abdominal surgery, 17 patients showed signs of DVT as assessed by the 125I-fibrinogen test. In 15 of the patients the DVT was diagnosed during the first four postoperative days. Blood samples were taken pre- and postoperatively and analysed for fibrinogen, prothrombin complex, APTT, platelet-count, plasminogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin, fibrin(ogen) degradation products, and plasmin-alpha 2-antiplasmin complex (PAP). The latter was used in order to reflect the fibrinolytic activity. Preoperatively, and postoperatively on day 3, the levels of PAP were significantly higher in patients without postoperative DVT. The data suggests that patients subjected to major abdominal surgery, who have enhanced fibrinolytic activity preoperatively, have a lesser tendency to develop postoperative DVT. Patients with postoperative DVT may have decreased fibrinolytic ability. From the data of the other parameters it is concluded that patients with DVT can have increased levels of FDP at the time of development of thrombosis.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Cimetidine does not correct circulating calcium and parathyroid hormone in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Thirteen patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were treated for 4-8 weeks with the H2-blocker cimetidine at a daily dose of 1 g. The drug had no effect on the serum concentrations of calcium or parathyroid hormone, nor did any of the patients improve clinically during the period of treatment. The recently reported efficacy of cimetidine in primary hyperparathyroidism is strongly questioned by the present results.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Some important factors in the molding of the fetal head during vaginal delivery--a photographic study.

The molding of the fetal head was studied in 319 vaginal deliveries. A photographic method was used to document the size and form of the infants' heads immediately postpartum and 3 days later. Six different diameters were measured but only three changed significantly during early neonatal restitution. A molding index was calculated and compared with the conventional occipitofrontal circumference. Infants born by primiparous women showed significantly higher degrees of molding of the head than those born by multiparous women. Oxytocin stimulation during labor as well as instrumental deliveries resulted in increased fetal head molding. The importance of fetal presentation at birth, the duration of labor, the age of the mother and birth weight of the infant was also analyzed with regard to the molding of the fetal skull during labor.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1983

Actinomyces israelii in the genital tract of women with and without intra-uterine contraceptive devices.

Actinomycosis involving the female genital tract is more common among IUD users than others. The diagnosis is difficult and often delayed. It has been suggested that the finding of Actinomyces-like organisms or A. israelii in cervical smears indicates a risk of developing actinomycosis. A. israelii has not been regarded as a part of the indigenous genital flora. A group of IUD users without symptoms of genital tract infections were compared with a control group without IUDs. No Actinomyces-like organisms were found on cytological examination of cervical smears. Immunofluorescent staining and cultures identified A. israelii in 4% of the IUD users and in 3% of the non-users. Serologic precipitin tests for actinomycosis were negative in all women. None developed actinomycosis on follow-up of positive cases. The study indicates that A. israelii is a commensal of the female genital tract. The identification of A. israelii alone does not indicate that the patient risks developing actinomycosis. Other methods such as a serology test should be useful in defining the clinical significance of the findings.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1983

Thromboembolic complications after major abdominal surgery: effect of thoracic epidural analgesia.

In a prospective study of 50 patients subjected to major abdominal surgery, the frequencies of postoperative deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism were analysed. The patients were randomized to one of two groups receiving either neurolept anaesthesia or neurolept anaesthesia combined with thoracic epidural analgesia. Five patients were excluded. No special anti-thrombotic prophylaxis was administered. Deep vein thrombosis was diagnosed with the 125I-fibrinogen test and pulmonary embolism with pre- and postoperative lung perfusion scintigraphy combined with lung X-ray. Patients with positive scintigraphy were subjected to pulmonary angiography for verification of the diagnosis. Deep vein thrombosis was treated when diagnosed. The frequency of deep vein thrombosis was equal in both groups (38%). No patient with pulmonary embolism was recorded during the first seven days after operation. It is concluded that the addition of thoracic epidural analgesia to neurolept anaesthesia does not alter the postoperative frequency of deep vein thrombosis in patients subjected to major abdominal surgery. Early diagnosis and treatment of postoperative deep vein thrombosis might prevent pulmonary embolism. Problems encountered in the diagnosis of postoperative pulmonary embolism are discussed.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1980

Local inhibition of the fibrinolytic system in patients with massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

The effect or oral tranexamic acid on massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage was evaluated in a randomized double-blind study. Totally 50 patients entered the trial and seven were excluded, leaving 22 placebo treated and 21 tranexamic acid treated for analysis. The groups were comparable regarding sex, age, diagnosis, and initial laboratory data. Transfusions requirements and operation frequency did not differ. Mortality was slightly reduced and death delayed in tranexamic acid treated patients.

Administration, Oral↗