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Biomedical subjects

S Dahlgren

Publications and source records attributed to S Dahlgren.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Rupture of the diaphragm in patients wearing seatbelts.

Six diaphragmatic ruptures seen in a consecutive series of 435 cases of blunt abdominal trauma (1946-1976) are analyzed. All of the ruptures were sustained in car accidents, three of them with fatal outcome after severe trauma with multiple injuries. Four of the patients wore safety belts: in three of them a rather specific injury combination occurred--diaphragmatic rupture, multiple costal fractures, and pelvic or vertebral fracture. The role of the seatbelt in the pathogenetic mechanism of the rupture is discussed, and the possibility that the cause is the placement too high on the trunk, especially in short individuals, is raised.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1976

Acute pancreatitis and hepatic necrosis in the acute afferent loop syndrome. A histopathological study in the rat.

The morphological changes in the liver and pancreas during the first 12 hours in the acute afferent loop syndrome were studied in rats with a Billroth II gastric resection. Two essentially different types of changes were found in the pancreas. One was a coagulative necrosis without an inflammatory reaction, which has been found after instillation of bile, bile salts and the detergent sodium lauryl sulphate into the pancreatic ducts. The other type of pancreatitis was an intense, acute purulent inflammation often with bacteria visible in the histological sections. In the liver, large areas of necrosis were often encountered, sometimes mixed with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and bacteria, in a few cases combined with thrombi in small portal veins. The changes in the pancreas occurred very rapidly; only 4 hours after occlusion of the afferent loop there were signs of pancreatitis in some cases and 12 hours after occlusion there was an acute pancreatitis in all cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Gastric evacuation and propulsive intestinal motility in acute afferent loop syndrome in the rat.

The acute afferent loop syndrome, i.e. occlusion of the afferent loop after partial gastrectomy by the Billroth II method, was produced in the rat. In a primary session a gastrojejunostomy with division of the pylorus was performed. 2-3 months later the afferent loop was ligated. The gastric evacuation and the propulsive motility of the intestine were studied quantitatively, using an inert radioisotope. Both the gastric evacuation and the propulsive intestinal motility were considerably delayed in ALS, both in relation to the laparotomized controls and in relation to previous findings in mechanical intestinal obstruction and paralytic ileus due to retroperitoneal irritation or bacterial peritonitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Pathophysiology in the acute afferent loop syndrome. A study in rats.

The afferent loop syndrome, i.e. occlusion of an afferent intestinal loop after a Billroth II partial gastrectomy, was induced in rats. After various time intervals the animals were killed and the haematocrit and serum osmolality were determined. The content of the occluded loop was analysed with respect to volume, bacterial flora and osmolality. In some cases a sample of the content was incubated at 37 degrees C and the osmolality determined at regular intervals. Groups of animals were studied in this way after 30 min or 1, 4, 8 or 12 h of occlusion. The haematocrit rose with time after the occlusion. The osmolality of the plasma and of the content of the occluded loop did not increase. The volume of fluid in the occluded loop increased continuously with time--from an average of 0.5 ml in the control cases to 6.1 ml after 12 h of occlusion. Experiments in vitro showed that the initial osmolality of the content of the loop was 300 mOsm. After incubation of the samples this increased by 43 to 146 percent. The bacterial content of the loop, including Clostridium perfringens, increased significantly. The results indicate that a marked breakdown of substances takes place in such an occluded intestinal loop, which increases the osmolality. As a result fluid is immediately attracted to the loop to keep the osmolality constant. A combination of this fluid increase due to osmosis and contractions of the intestinal wall leads to a pressure in the occluded loop which considerably exceeds the pressure in the common bile duct due to secretions from the pancreas and liver.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Gastric acid secretion in patients with prepyloric ulcer and with combined gastric and duodenal ulcer.

The gastric acid secretion during stimulation with histamine given via a continuous intravenous infusion (i.e. during steady state conditions) was studied in 13 patients with prepyloric ulcers and in 21 patients with combined gastric and duodenal ulcers. The rate of volume secretion, the acidity and the acid output were analysed separately. The results were compared with earlier studies of patients with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. Starting from the secretory pattern these four groups of ulcer were characterized. Gastric ulcers thus show hypoacidity. The pyloric ulcers do not differ from a normal material. The combined gastric and duodenal ulcers and the duodenal ulcers show hypersecretion, most pronounced in duodenal ulcers.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The haemodynamic and antithrombotic effects of intermittent pneumatic calf compression of femoral vein blood flow. A comparison between different pump types.

The haemodynamic effects of intermittent pneumatic calf compression on femoral vein blood flow in dogs and patients were studied by measurement with an electromagnetic flow meter. Two pump types were compared at different inflation pressures, one with a continuous inflation-deflation cycle of 2 min and the other causing inflation over 3 sec and deflation over 20 sec, with a frequency of three per minute. A fast rate of splint inflation created a greater haemodynamic change in net volume flow, peak flow and flow amplitude with an optimal pressure of 40 mmHg. The slower pump in fact decreased mean volume flow. Using an experimental thrombosis model both pump types significantly prolonged the occlusion time of implanted steel tubes, but did not differ from each other.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The use of 125I-labelled fibrinogen for determination of fibrin trapping in the lungs in patients developing the microembolism syndrome.

The microembolism syndrome occurred in four patients out of a series of 15 patients with multiple injuries who were considered to run a risk of developing this syndrome. These four patients showed signs of fibrin trapping in the lungs, as demonstrated by the use of 125I-labelled fibrinogen and external detection over the lungs. It is, therefore, considered that this method can be used for diagnosing the microembolism syndrome. The fibrin trapping occurred at the onset of the progressive respiratory insufficiency. The time relation between the uptake of fibrin and the onset of the progressive respiratory insufficiency supports the theory of a causal connection between fibrin and pulmonary damage. Measurements of different coagulation and fibrinolysis factors in the blood were not able to discriminate between patients who developed the microembolism syndrome and those who did not.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The incidence of venous thrombosis in the lower limbs following elective gallbladder surgery.

The frequency of postoperative venous thrombosis and the prophylactic effect of dextran 40 and 70 were studied in 90 otherwise healthy patients undergoing cholecystectomy. The 125-I-fibrinogen test was employed as the diagnostic method. The frequency of thrombosis was very low (1.1%) compared with other investigations on patients undergoing elective general surgery. Thus nothing can be concluded about the prophylactic effect of dextran from this series, but it can be presumed that this type of patient does not need routine prophylaxis against deep venous thrombosis.

Adult↗