Hypereosinophilic syndrome: the spectrum of clinical, haematological and morphological features.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
S Dash
Publications and source records attributed to S Dash.
Hepatitis C RNA in liver of chronic hepatitis C patients before and after interferon alfa treatment.
BACKGROUND: Successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C with interferon alfa is frequently followed by relapse. Because loss of hepatitis C viral RNA (HCV-RNA) in serum is not predictive of sustained response, the loss of HCV-RNA in liver as a predictor of sustained response was investigated. METHODS: Twenty-one patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with recombinant interferon alpha had HCV-RNA sequences determined in frozen liver tissue before and after treatment and in serum at the end of treatment. Reverse double polymerase chain reaction was used to detect sequences to the 5' nontranslated region of the HCV genome using double nested primers. RESULTS: HCV-RNA disappeared in the liver in 10 of 11 (91%) complete responders whereas it remained detectable in the liver or serum of 7 of 8 (87%) nonresponders. Five complete responders relapsed biochemically during 6 month's follow-up; 4 of these had no detectable HCV-RNA in liver at end of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Disappearance of HCV-RNA in liver correlates with initial clinical outcome, but as previously reported with serum HCV-RNA, this loss does not necessarily allow prediction of a sustained response.
Base Sequence↗
Hyperaggregation of platelets detected by whole blood platelet aggregometry in newly diagnosed noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Twenty-five newly diagnosed cases of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were studied at the time of diagnosis and again after metabolic control of diabetes was achieved (approximately 3 months later) for platelet aggregation abnormalities in whole blood by the impedance method. Adenosine diphosphate in 10 and 20 mumol/L final concentrations and arachidonic acid in 25 and 50 mmol/L final concentrations were used as agonists. Patients had a significant hyperaggregation of platelets (P < 0.01) at the time of diagnosis compared with age-matched healthy control subjects. After metabolic control of blood glucose was achieved using oral hypoglycemic agents (n = 20) and diet regulation alone (n = 5), there was a significant decrease in platelet aggregation (P < 0.01). There was a positive relationship between blood glucose levels and whole blood platelet aggregation with adenosine diphosphate (P < 0.02 and < 0.05, with 10 mumol/L and 20 mumol/L, respectively), but there was no relationship between aggregation and glycosylated hemoglobin levels. Thus, platelet hyperaggregation was present even at the time of diagnosis in patients with diabetes mellitus in the absence of any vascular complications, and there was significant improvement in platelet hyperaggregation after metabolic control of blood glucose levels was achieved.
Adult↗
Relative efficacy of bone marrow trephine biopsy sections as compared to trephine imprints and aspiration smears in routine hematological practice.
The relative efficacy of trephine sections, trephine imprints and aspiration smears in yielding diagnostic and additional information was compared in 767 sets of bone marrow samples. Trephine sections were diagnostic in significantly more cases as compared to trephine imprints and aspiration smears (P < 0.001). Additional information was obtained in 326 trephine sections which was not available from trephine imprints and aspiration smears. Significantly more number of trephine sections provided diagnosis in case of dry tap/scanty material, for assessment of lymphoma-tumour infiltration, cellularity, Perl's reaction, megakaryocyte density and proliferating cell lines in myeloproliferative disorders. Fibrosis of bone marrow, pattern of bone marrow involvement and topographical alterations were appreciable only on trephine sections. The differential counts done on trephine imprints and aspiration smears correlated well and cytomorphological characterisation of immature cells (blasts and promyelocytes) could be done on these two preparations. Although trephine sections provide maximum information, all three preparations were found complementing each other and should be evaluated simultaneously for complete bone marrow interpretation.
Biopsy↗
Receptor for pre-S1(21-47) component of hepatitis B virus on the liver cell: role in virus cell interaction.
Attachment of hepatitis B virus to a hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG2) was examined using a synthetic peptide corresponding to the pre-S1 (21-47) region of the envelope protein. Scatchard analysis revealed a single class binding site of Kd 104 +/- 27 nM/l and 5.4 +/- 1.2 x 10(5) sites per cell. Competition of HBV with pre-S1 peptides was dose dependent, and demonstrated it as the dominant binding site. In view of the suggested sequence homology between the peptide and IgA, cross-competition studies were carried out. The results indicate no direct role of IgA receptor in HBV binding. The receptor for the pre-S1 peptide was identified as a single major peptide of molecular weight 31 kD using in-situ ligand receptor crosslinking.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
A reappraisal of underlying pathology in adult patients presenting with pancytopenia.
An analysis of the underlying pathology and different clinico-haematological features of 202 adult pancytopenic patients is presented. Aplastic anaemia (40.6%), megaloblastic anaemia (23.26%) and acute myeloblastic leukaemia (12.8%) together accounted for most of the cases. Our aplastic anaemia cases showed several different features compared to the cases reported in western literature. Aplastic anaemia and megaloblastic anaemia patients revealed significant differences in the incidence of hepatosplenomegaly, anisocytosis, circulating erythroblasts, relative lymphocytosis (P < 0.001 for all) and reticulocytosis (P < 0.01). The present study stresses the importance of physical and peripheral blood findings in the management of pancytopenic patients.
Adult↗
Pituitary and testicular involvement in primary haemochromatosis. A case report.
A case of primary hemochromatosis with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and decreased Leydig cell reserve is reported.
Adult↗
Detection of replicative hepatitis C virus sequences in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Several serologic studies suggest that infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV) may be associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, we examined tumor tissue and/or the surrounding liver of 20 patients for viral sequences by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In 12 cases, liver and tumor tissues were separable for extraction. RNA was extracted from frozen tissues and used as a template for reverse transcription followed by double PCR with nested primers for the 5'-untranslated (NT) and nonstructural NS3 regions of HCV. In addition, the tissue extracts were tested by single PCR for X gene and S gene sequences of hepatitis B virus (HBV). NT region sequences of HCV were detected in the available tumor tissue of all anti-HCV-positive patients except for one. Negative (replicative) strands of HCV RNA were found in the same tissues as positive (genomic) strands at almost the same relative amounts, suggesting replication of HCV in the tumor tissue rather than contamination by HCV-positive blood. HBV X and S sequences were demonstrated in two tumors, but were absent from three tumors that were surrounded by liver tissues with HBV X sequences. One patient had nucleic acids of both viruses in tumor tissue. These observations suggest that in addition to HBV, HCV may play a role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Adolescent↗
Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA sequences by polymerase chain reaction in fixed liver tissue.
Currently, the most reliable method for the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the detection of viral sequences by the reverse transcription double polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR) in serum or liver samples. We demonstrate here that noncoding region sequences (NT) of HCV were amplifiable by RT/PCR in guanidinium extracts of formalin-fixed (for 6 to 48 h), paraffin-embedded liver sections of patients with chronic hepatitis C. In contrast, core and nonstructural region sequences of HCV were not detectable in fixed tissues by PCR amplification. Boiling of routinely processed tissue sections in water containing Chelex-100, a method for extraction of amplifiable hepatitis B virus DNA, was not successful. The amount of nucleic acid extracts from fixed liver sections needed for amplification of NT region sequences was over 1000 times larger than that of extracts from frozen tissue. This method will be useful for diagnostic and investigative studies of HCV infection.
Aged↗
Gelatinous transformation of bone marrow.
Gelatinous transformation of bone marrow is usually encountered in patients of anorexia nervosa. We report two cases of gelatinous transformation of the marrow, one without any detectable cause and the other associated with visceral leishmaniasis.
Aged↗
Prolonged, pregnancy-related pure red cell aplasia; a case report.
We describe the clinical course of a patient with pregnancy-related, acquired, pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). The course of PRCA was prolonged and ultimately responded only to corticosteroids. It did not recurr over 4 years of observation despite another gestation, and no other cause for PRCA could be detected during this long period.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
High neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity in smokers.
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Biomarkers↗
Simultaneous occurrence of factor VIIIC inhibitor and antinuclear antibody in postpartum period.
We are describing a rare case of acquired factor VIIIC inhibitor in postpartum period who also had strongly positive antinuclear antibody. On immunosuppression with prednisolone and azathioprine, both antibodies disappeared after 4 months of therapy.
Adult↗
Effect of methyl mercuric chloride treatment on haematological characteristics and erythrocyte morphology of Swiss mice.
Effects of methyl mercuric chloride (MMC) on the blood parameters of Swiss mice (Mus musculus) were studied. The mice received an initial dose of MMC (24 mg kg(-1) body wt) as intraperitoneal injection followed by a second similar dose on the 14th day of the first dose administration. Significant (p < or = 0.001) decreases in haemoglobin content, red blood cell (RBC) count and haematocrit value were observed in the MMC injected mice when compared to the control mice. The effect of the second dose was severe, after which no significant recovery in the values of these parameters was observed. The result also showed a high degree of mercury accumulation in the blood of the MMC exposed mice. Interesting features were marked in the erythrocyte morphology of the exposed mice. An initial shrinkage followed by swelling of the cells was observed after each injection. The outline of the exposed cells was irregular with beak like or small finger like projections. Rupturing and disintegration of the erythrocyte membrane, leading to erythrolysis, were also noticed.
Journal Article↗
Malignant mastocytosis and myelodysplastic syndrome.
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Adult↗
Study of lupus anticoagulant in pregnant women with recurrent abortion.
The relation between lupus anticoagulant (LA) and repeated abortions was evaluated in a case-controlled study of 50 women with 3 or more unexplained spontaneous abortions compared with 50 control subjects who had 2 or more normal pregnancies and no previous spontaneous abortion or fetal deaths. LA was detected in 5 of 50 cases (10%, 95% confidence limits 1.69% to 18.31%) but in none of the 50 controls. There was an indication that missed abortions may be more frequent in LA positive women. The women who had recurrent abortions but were LA negative had prolonged prothrombin time values (though within normal range) compared to the control group. LA being a treatable cause of idiopathic recurrent abortion should be sought for in women with unexplained fetal losses.
Abortion, Habitual↗
Carboxyhaemoglobin in women exposed to different cooking fuels.
Blood carboxyhaemoglobin levels were estimated by double wavelength spectrophotometry in non-smoking women living in Chandigarh and its environs and related to the cooking fuel they used. Twenty nine used kerosene, 28 biomass fuel, and 30 liquified petroleum gas; the 27 control subjects had not done any cooking for seven days. The carboxyhaemoglobin concentrations were significantly higher in the women using the three types of fuel (mean (SEM) concentration 7.49% [corrected] (0.67%) for kerosene, 15.74% (0.83%) for biomass fuel, and 17.16% (0.62%) for liquified petroleum gas, compared with 3.52% (0.33%) in the control subjects. It is concluded that cooking with any of the three fuels causes indoor air pollution. It is important to have better designed houses with adequate ventilation and stove vents that are cleaned regularly if pollution is to be reduced.
Adult↗
Blood carboxyhaemoglobin levels in Indian bidi and cigarette smokers.
Blood carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) was estimated by double wave length spectrophotometry in 58 healthy non-smokers, 27 bidi smokers, 25 cigarette smokers, 25 mixed smokers (all asymptomatic) and 20 symptomatic cigarette smokers. The blood COHb levels were significantly higher among all smoking groups compared to the normal healthy controls (p less than 0.001). Among the various smoking groups, the symptomatic cigarette smokers had marginally higher COHb levels compared to the other groups. There was no correlation between the smoking indices and COHb levels and COHb and the packed cell volume of red cells.
Adult↗