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Biomedical subjects

S Fujimi

Publications and source records attributed to S Fujimi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Rapidly progressive renal deterioration in partially nephrectomized rats with experimental membranous nephropathy.

The effects of nephron loss on the clinical and histological picture of experimental membranous nephropathy were examined for 18 weeks in five-sixths nephrectomized rats with Heymann nephritis (HN-5/6N group). Heymann nephritis-induced rats without nephrectomy (HN group), normal rats with 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6N group) and normal rats without nephrectomy (control group) were also examined for comparison. A rapidly progressive increase in urinary protein, BUN and serum creatinine was observed after renal ablation in the HN-5/6N group. Light microscopic study revealed global or segmental sclerosis in most of the glomeruli, crescent formation in some of the glomeruli and marked tubulointerstitial changes. Electron microscopic study demonstrated vacuolation and necrosis of podocytes, detachment of podocytes from the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and fibrin exudation into Bowman's space. Proteinuria was also marked but renal function was not impaired in the HN group. In the 5/6N group, proteinuria was mild and elevation in BUN and serum creatinine was apparent but not progressive. There were no differences in the depositions of IgG, C3 and electron-dense materials on GBM between the HN-5/6N group and the HN group. In conclusion, renal mass reduction associated with high flow and pressure to the remnant glomeruli could lead to extensive glomerular sclerosis and to a deterioration in renal function, in the case of pre-existing nephritic lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effect of blood pressure on the progression rate of renal impairment in chronic glomerulonephritis.

An effect of high blood pressure on the progression of renal functional deterioration was studied in 23 cases of chronic glomerulonephritis, which showed progressive renal functional impairments during the long-term follow-up period. The slope-of-regression line, which was obtained from the relation between reciprocal serum creatinine concentration (1/Cr) and observation time, was expressed as a progression rate and was evaluated on an association with blood pressure level. The progression rate was found to correlate significantly with the level of diastolic blood pressure (p less than 0.001). It is concluded that the elevation of blood pressure is one of the factors that contribute to the progression of renal functional impairment in chronic glomerulonephritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Worsening of anemia induced by long-term use of captopril in hemodialysis patients.

During long-term captopril administration to hypertensive patients on maintenance hemodialysis, a decrease in hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cell count was observed in 9 out of 12 cases. The maximum decrease in hemoglobin, on the average, was detected after 10.9 months of captopril treatment, when the average decrease was 20.5%. The average daily dose of the drug was 27.6 mg/day throughout the observation period. Mean corpuscular constants, reticulocyte count, serum iron, and total iron-binding capacity did not change significantly. Coombs' test was negative. Neither serum total protein nor body weight changed significantly. Fever, skin rashes, leukopenia, and eosinophilia were not observed. There was no significant correlation between the degree of decrease in hematological indices and the dose of captopril. After discontinuation of captopril administration, anemia improved to pretreatment levels. In 2 of the 3 patients who did not show worsening of anemia, an anabolic steroid was administered in association with captopril. It is suggested that captopril should be used with caution in hemodialysis patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Autologous immune complex nephritis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

In order to investigate the influence of diabetes mellitus on immune complex-mediated nephritis , we produced Heymann nephritis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (DM-HN group) in which the clinical course for 24 weeks and histological changes were examined. Nondiabetic rats with Heymann nephritis (HN group) and diabetic rats (DM group) were also examined as controls. The degree of proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia and anemia were more pronounced and the mortality rate was higher in the DM-HN group than in the HN group or in the DM group. Histologically, larger and more subepithelial or intramembranous electron-dense deposits as well as a more markedly thickened glomerular basement membrane (GBM) were observed in the DM-HN group than in the HN group. In conclusion, the nephrotic manifestations and histological changes in the GBM in Heymann nephritis were augmented by the association with diabetes mellitus.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Influence of hypertension on the progression of experimental autologous immune complex nephritis.

In order to determine the influence of hypertension on the progression of chronic glomerulonephritis, we studied the renal lesions in Heymann nephritis (autologous immune complex nephritis) produced in SHR. Nephritic SHR treated by AHD, normal SHR, nephritic WKYR, and normal WKYR served as controls. Induction of Heymann nephritis did not alter the blood pressure in either SHR or WKYR as compared with each untreated control group. Administration of AHD normalized the blood pressure of SHR. Proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia, and reduction in body weight were significantly greater in nephritic SHR than in nephritic SHR treated by AHD or nephritic WKYR, whereas BUN and serum creatinine were unchanged in all the nephritic rats. Histological findings such as glomerular basement membrane thickening, IgG and C3 deposits along capillary walls, and subepithelial electron-dense deposits were similar in all nephritic groups. Glomerular sclerosis and tubulointerstitial changes were more marked in nephritic SHR than in the other nephritic groups. Severe vascular thickening and necrosis, intravascular thrombosis, and perivascular cell infiltration were frequently observed in nephritic SHR. These lesions are characteristic of malignant hypertension. However, they were not found in control SHR, which maintained elevation of blood pressure equivalent to that of nephritic SHR throughout the study. It was concluded that hypertension may aggravate nephritic manifestations such as proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, and hypercholesterolemia but not excretory renal function and that the hypertensive vascular lesions are augmented by Heymann nephritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Long-term hemodynamic response to captopril (SQ 14,225) in hypertensive hemodialysis patients.

The long-term effect of treatment with captopril was observed in 7 hypertensive patients on maintenance hemodialysis who had been refractory to combined antihypertensive therapy with propranolol and hydralazine. Captopril showed a potent hypotensive effect in all the subjects throughout the study period of 6 months. The blood-pressure reduction during treatment with captopril was associated with a decrease in total peripheral resistance. Cardiac index increased significantly due to a significant increment in heart rate at the 6th month. Plasma renin activity increased significantly at the 3rd month, whereas it decreased at the 6th month. No significant correlation was observed between the blood-pressure response and the pre-treatment level of plasma renin activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Massive pulmonary embolism occurring with corticosteroid and diuretics therapy in a minimal-change nephrotic patient.

A 32-year-old female with a relapsing minimal-change nephrotic syndrome developed a massive pulmonary embolism during the treatment of prednisolone and diuretics. The use of diuretics in addition to a hypercoagulable state associated with nephrotic syndrome per se and corticosteroid was considered to be a direct causative factor for the event. The careful use of diuretics and a consideration of additional anticoagulant therapy are emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of the immediate hemodynamic effects of SQ 14225 (Captopril) and [Sar1, Ileu8] angiotensin II in patients with dialysis resistant hypertension.

The effects of a single dose of 50 mg of SQ 14225 (Captopril) and 0.6 microgram/kg/min infusion of angiotensin II antagonist, [Sar1, Ileu8] (AII-A), were examined in six patients with dialysis resistant hypertension and seven with normal blood pressures. A depressor effect of Captopril was observed even in patients with AII-A unresponsive dialysis resistant hypertension. The fall in mean arterial pressure (MAP) was significantly correlated with the fall in the total peripheral resistance index (TPRI) following both Captopril administration (r = 0.883, P less than 0.01) and AII-A infusion (r = 0.735, P less than 0.01). Basal plasma renin activity (PRA) was the same in patients with dialysis resistant hypertension as in normotensive patients and correlated with the fall in MAP induced by AII-A infusion (r = -0.640, P less than 0.05). It was concluded that the direct effect of the renin-angiotensin system was uncertain in patients with dialysis resistant hypertension and that the depressor effect of Captopril was not secondary to the suppression of angiotensin II formation.

1-Sarcosine-8-Isoleucine Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1981

1-year controlled trial of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

A 1-year controlled trial was performed to confirm the effects of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1 alpha-OH-D3) in chronic hemodialysis patients. Initially, a daily dose of 2 micrograms of 1 alpha-OH-D3 was given orally to 24 patients and its placebo to another 24 patients during the first 3 months. For the following 9 months the dose of 1 alpha-OH-D3 or its placebo was reduced to 1 microgram per day in the individual groups. Serum calcium was significantly increased to the normal level after 1 month of treatment and sustained at this level for 1 year. Serum parathyroid hormone was significantly decreased at 3 months. Serum alkaline phosphatase was decreased to the normal level at the 5th month and thereafter. At 2 months serum phosphorus was significantly increased in the 1 alpha-OH-D3 group. None of the patients on 1 alpha-OH-D3 showed increased subperiosteal resorption on X-rays, whereas 8 out of 20 patients on placebo did (p less than 0.002). No adverse effects were seen apart from 3 patients with the 'red eye' of scleral calcification.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis associated with diabetes mellitus: light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopic study.

The present study described 3 patients with idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis associated with diabetes mellitus. Clinical characteristics of the 3 patients contrasted with diabetic glomerulosclerosis in the following manner: absence of diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy, and presence of nephrotic syndrome associated with relatively short duration of diabetes mellitus. Renal histology showed the characteristic changes of membranous glomerulonephritis along with those of diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Immunofluorescent studies demonstrated a granular pattern of IgG and C3 deposits along the glomerular capillary wall. Electron microscopic study also demonstrated thickening of glomerular basement membrane and increase of mesangial matrix as well as the presence of electron-dense deposits primarily in the subepithelial and mesangial areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Immediate hemodynamic response to SQ 14225 (Captopril) in hypertensive and normotensive hemodialysis patients.

The acute effects of 50 mg of SQ 14225 (Captopril) on arterial pressure, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance (TPR) and plasma renin activity (PRA) were studied in 14 chronic hemodialysis patients, six of whom were hypertensive. Before treatment, TPR index (TPRI) correlated significantly with mean arterial pressure (MAP) (r = 0.806, P less than 0.01). After Captopril, the reduction of MAP was 10% or more in hypertensive and normotensive subjects at 30 and 120 min. The percentage change in MAP correlated significantly with that in TPRI in all the patients at 30 (r = 0.872, P less than 0.01) and 120 min (r = 0.866, P less than 0.01). There was no correlation between either the changes in cardiac index or the basal values of PRA and the decrease in MAP. The result suggests that vasodilatation was primarily responsible for the fall in blood pressure in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Captopril (SQ 14225) clearance during hemodialysis treatment.

The clearance of Captopril (SQ 14225) was examined in six hemodialysis patients, using a newly developed method for the determination of Captopril in blood. At 30 minutes after the start of hemodialysis, the clearance of Captopril was 80 +/- 14.2 ml/min, whereas that of creatinine was 123.4 +/- 8.8 ml/min and that of BUN was 144.1 +/- 7.2 ml/min. The blood concentration of Captopril was found to be lower when taken in a postprandial state than in a fasting state.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Occurrence of ANTI-AHLG in renal transplant patients on AHLG (anti-human lymphocyte globulin).

Two patients with kidney transplants were prescribed anti-human lymphocyte gamma-globulin (AHLG) as an adjunct immunosuppressive treatment. AHLG was prepared from cultured human lymphocytes an antigen and successive anti-AHLG levels were measured using passive hemagglutination tests during and after the AHLG treatment. Anti-AHLG levels began to increase after 10-14 days of daily AHLG administration. Thereafter, the levels tends to decrease transiently by the further administration of AHLG. The titer rose again after the discontinuation of AHLG administration reaching a plateau which continued for a considerable length of time. Pretreatment levels were reverted after more than three months. The anti-sheep RBC Ab and anti-horse RBC Ab levels followed the same pattern as that seen with anti-AHLG Ab. The anti-AHLG Ab proved to be specific anti-horse gamma-globulin Ab. Alterations in the anti-AHLG levels can thus be used to monitor the optimal dosage and period of administration as well as to predict the anaphylactic reaction due to AHLG treatment. Keeping the anti-AHLG level low is mandatory to maintain good immunosuppressive conditions yet avoid anaphylactic reactions.

Adolescent↗