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Biomedical subjects

S Herman

Publications and source records attributed to S Herman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Neuropsychological and neurological manifestations of HIV-1 dementia in drug users.

The cognitive and motor deficits associated with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection have been studied using neurological examination and neuropsychological tests. However, drug users with HIV-1 infection generally have been excluded from such studies. Forty-four well-characterized drug users stratified by Centers for Disease Control staging were administered a standardized neurological examination and a battery of neuropsychological tests under single-blind conditions designed to minimize the acute effects of psychoactive substances. The results of the blind neurological examination were consistent with the previously ascertained clinical staging of HIV-1 infection. The pattern of neuropsychological deficits across HIV-1 states was similar to those found in cohorts of homosexual men.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1992

Auditory event-related potentials in HIV-1 infection: a study in the drug-user risk group.

Features of event-related potentials (ERPs) may be sensitive and clinically useful markers of central nervous system infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1); however, this application has not been studied in the risk group of intravenous drug users. Auditory ERPs generated by an "oddball" paradigm were analyzed for 39 male drug abusers as part of a multimodal assessment. Stage of HIV-1 infection was associated with prolongations of P1, N1, and P3 components of the ERP waveform. Only patients with full acquired immunodeficiency syndrome showed statistically significant increases in waveform prolongations. Specific neuropsychological deficits were not related to waveform latency prolongations.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1992

Surveillance after orchidectomy for patients with clinical stage I nonseminomatous testis tumors.

PURPOSE: This study was designed to determine the proportion of patients with clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis (NSGCTT) managed with surveillance after orchidectomy who have more advanced disease and, therefore, require further treatment, the time to progression, the sites of progression, and the efficacy of treatment delayed until progression was recognized. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred five patients were observed prospectively without further treatment after orchidectomy and full clinical staging. Treatment was given immediately upon detection of marker-positive, clinical, or radiologic evidence of disease. RESULTS: Thirty-seven patients (35.2%) have required further therapy for disease progression, occurring from 2 to 21 months after diagnosis. Thirty-six patients have been successfully treated. Overall, 104 patients (99%) remain alive and free of disease at 12 to 121 months after orchidectomy. Progression occurred in the retroperitoneum in 25 of 37 patients who developed further disease on surveillance. The presence of vascular invasion in the primary tumor was predictive of an increased risk of progression. CONCLUSION: Surveillance is a valid alternative to immediate retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in patients with clinical stage I NSGCTT but should be recommended only under the close supervision of physicians experienced in the diagnosis and treatment of testicular cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Computer simulation of periacetabular osteotomy.

A simple static three-dimensional mathematical model of an adult hip in one-legged stance was used to evaluate the mechanical situation after periacetabular osteotomy. We found that the hip joint rotation center shifted as a consequence of the osteotomy. This may have considerable effects on the hip joint resultant force and therefore also on the pressure on the femoral head, which could cause the development of arthrosis.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1991

Behavior therapy for spasmodic torticollis: a case study suggesting a causal role for anxiety.

A 29-year old male with an 8-month history of spasmodic torticollis was treated after three baseline assessments with progressive relaxation, positive practice, and visual feedback. Subjective, behavioral, and physiological (EMG) data indicated that EMG declined across baseline assessments and treatment, while substantial changes in subjective and behavioral data occurred with treatment. Improvement on all dependent measures also was found at a 2-year follow-up. The data are discussed in terms of the non-specific effects of treatment, and the utility and economy of these primarily self-administered procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Asymptomatic herpes simplex virus shedding from the genital tract whilst on suppressive doses of oral acyclovir.

Forty-eight patients were recruited into a study of continuous oral acyclovir therapy for the suppression of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Seven of these patients were shown to shed HSV in the absence of clinical signs or symptoms whilst on medication. The asymptomatic shedders did not differ significantly from the rest of the group in terms of age, interval from first attack to enrollment or number of recurrences prior to enrollment. Only one patient admitted to poor compliance as a trigger to asymptomatic HSV shedding. Failure to suppress asymptomatic shedding during prophylactic acyclovir therapy may have implications for sexual transmission to partners and vertical transmission to neonates and requires further study.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1975

Intestinal biopsy in the diagnosis of cow's milk protein intolerance without acute symptoms.

4 infants, suspected of cow's milk protein intolerance, were placed on an elimination diet and then challenged with cow's milk. None reacted clinically, yet in 2 of the 4 patients jejunal biopsy revealed clear histological, ultrastructural, and immunological changes. It is suggested that these changes are the objective criteria on which the diagnosis of cow's milk intolerance should be based, and that the clinical evidence derived from milk challenge after an elimination diet may be unreliable.

Biopsy↗