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Biomedical subjects

S Hiranras

Publications and source records attributed to S Hiranras.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Antibodies to hepatitis C virus among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and blood donors in Thailand.

HCC is the most cancer among Thai men. It is not known if HCV plays an oncogenic role in HCC in this country where HBV is endemic. Anti-HCV and HBsAg were assayed in 154 sera from HCC and 3,387 voluntary blood donors. The prevalence of anti-HCV in HCC (8.4%) was significantly higher than blood donors (1.38%). The prevalence of HBsAg in HCC (61%) was also significantly higher than blood donors (5.28%). The prevalence of anti-HCV in HCC was lower than that of Spain, Italy, Africa and Taiwan. Anti-HCV was found associated with a small portion of patients with HCC while HBV was found closely associated with the larger proportion of HCC. HCV in normal Thais was as common as those in southern Europe and HCV was found associated with HCC. However, HBV remains the major etiological factor of HCC in Thailand.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for leptospirosis immunoglobulin M specific antibody using surface antigen from a pathogenic Leptospira: a comparison with indirect hemagglutination and microagglutination tests.

A search for a sensitive and specific test for human leptospirosis was made by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin M specific antibody (IgM ELISA) using a surface antigen from L.interrogans serovar bataviae, L. interrogans serovar pyrogenes and L.interogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. The IgM ELISA tests using each of the three antigens were evaluated in 103 sera primarily positive by microagglutination test (MA). Optical density of these IgM ELISA tests showed good correlation. The IgM ELISA using antigen from serovar bataviae was compared with MA and indirect hemagglutination (IHA) in 20 sera primarily positive by IHA, and 103 sera primarily positive by MA. IgM ELISA and IHA using antigen prepared from serovar bataviae in 103 sera positive for MA had a sensitivity of 98.06 and 92.23 per cent respectively. In 20 sera primarily positive by IHA, IgM ELISA and MA showed sensitivity of 80 and 45 per cent respectively. The surface antigen used in IgM ELISA is broadly specific making IgM ELISA a sensitive and specific test for human leptospirosis. IHA agreed more with IgM ELISA in comparison to MA. As MA is not sensitive for early infection, IHA and IgM ELISA should be in routine use in general laboratories.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1991

Gold immunoblot analysis of IgM-specific antibody in the diagnosis of human leptospirosis.

An immunoblot for the detection of leptospirosis was developed in our laboratory. Antigen prepared from Leptospira interrogans serovar bataviae was dotted onto nitrocellulose paper and blocked with skim milk. Test and control sera diluted 1:20 were applied to the dot, incubated, and washed. Anti-human IgM colloidal gold conjugate was added and the dots were washed. A positive reaction was shown by the development of a pink dot against a white background. The test was performed on 62 sera that tested positive for leptospirosis by a microagglutination (MA) test, on 40 sera that were positive by an indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test, and on sera from forty healthy blood donors. Four sera from the blood donors showed a faint pink dot, but the remainder showed a colorless reaction. All 62 sera that tested positive by MA were positive by this new test, while 95% of the 20 sera that tested positive by IHA were positive. Tests for IgG antibody were performed on 20 sera positive by MA using protein A-colloidal gold conjugate, and all showed weak reactivity. The results confirmed previous findings that most antibodies present in leptospirosis patients are of the IgM type. The ELISA takes three hours to perform, but the gold immunoblot can be completed in 30 min. In addition, the test blot can be kept as a permanent record, and is a significant improvement over existing tests.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of two screening tests for human leptospirosis.

Leptospirosis is prevalent in Thailand but its diagnosis depends primarily on clinical awareness. Serodiagnosis is of great assistance in the diagnosis of leptospirosis but in Thailand microagglutination (MA) is the only serodiagnosis available. MA is not rapid and it is used mainly in the referent laboratory. In addition, its roles in early diagnosis are rarely available. Rapid screening serological test which is sensitive early in the infection is needed. Latex agglutination (LA), indirect hemagglutination (IHA) were developed and evaluated in 100 MA positive sera and 200 blood donors. Later on, IHA and LA were compared with MA in 30 patients with a clinical picture compatible with leptospirosis. IHA and LA had sensitivities of 94 and 98 per cent respectively in MA positive sera. The specificity of IHA and LA in 200 blood donors was 99 and 100 per cent respectively. The study in 30 patients showed that LA and IHA were definitely more sensitive than MA test in sera collected within two weeks after the onset of fever. LA is also one of the most rapid tests for leptospirosis. With either LA or IHA human leptospirosis will be diagnosed more readily and more accurately.

Hemagglutination Tests↗
PubMed1988

A passive hemagglutination test for leprosy using a synthetic disaccharide antigen.

There is a need for a simple, sensitive, and specific test for the serodiagnosis of leprosy. A passive hemagglutination (PHA) test for leprosy was developed to meet these requirements. A synthetic disaccharide, conjugated to bovine serum albumin and specific for the phenolic glycolipid of Mycobacterium leprae, was sensitized to aldehyde preserved and tanned sheep erythrocytes (SRBC). The sensitized SRBC were used for testing sera from leprosy and tuberculosis cases and normal controls at 1: 64 and 1:128 serum dilutions. It was found that if the hemagglutination reaction at greater than or equal to 1: 128 is considered positive, the test was positive in 84.2% of 38 cases of multibacillary leprosy, 16.7% of 24 cases of paucibacillary leprosy, 16.7% of 6 contacts of multibacillary leprosy, 11.8% of 51 cases of tuberculosis, and 3.7% of 54 blood donors. If the cutoff value used was 1:64, the test was more sensitive but less specific. The results are similar to that of an ELISA for IgM antibody to the same synthetic antigen. The present PHA test is simple and sensitive, but moderately specific. Its simplicity and sensitivity make it highly suitable for large-scale screening of contacts in leprosy-endemic areas.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1977

The association between thalassaemic diseases and traits and post-streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis.

This prospective study showed that thalassaemic patients, though susceptible to streptococcal infection, as evident from their elevated A.S.O. titres, are not, as has been suggested, more likely to develop acute glomerulonephritis than the rest of the population. The incidence of thalassaemic trait found among typical cases of acute glomerulonephritis does not exceed that of the general Thai population. There were 5 out of 56 cases of thalassaemic patients having transient microscopic haematuria.

Acute Disease↗