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Biomedical subjects

S Hoshi

Publications and source records attributed to S Hoshi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma].

Twenty-nine cases of bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma were examined. Eight had metastatic bone pain as the initial symptom and were diagnosed that the primary lesion was in a kidney. In eight cases bone metastases appeared after treatment of the primary site. Seven had only bone metastases and another 22 cases had multiple metastases in organs such as the lung and lymph node when the bone metastasis was found. Curable surgical treatment was performed in only 2 cases. The survival curve of these patients were: 1 year; 41 per cent, 2 year; 30 per cent and 3 year; 15 per cent. Bone scan used for detection of bone metastases of carcinoma frequently ends with false positive results. CT scan and angiography are available for differential diagnosis of bone metastasis. We examined 6 cases (9 lesions) of bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma (3 pelvic bones, 2 lumbar bones, 2 femurs and 2 humerus). All lesions were hypervascular by angiography and were easily diagnosed as bone metastases. For early detection of bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma, angiography is useful because hypervascularity and tumor stain are easily detected even in such small lesions as 2 cm. Angiography was also useful for chemoembolization.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Hemorrhagic type of moyamoya disease].

Clinical picture of Moya Moya Disease was analyzed in 18 cases. In 16 cases whose CT scan were available at the time of the first bleeding, hematoma at the basal ganglia was noted in 43.8%, primary ventricular hemorrhage in 37.5%, thalamic hemorrhage with ventricular rupture in 12.5% and subcortical hemorrhage in 6.3%. The frequencies shown above were well correlated to previous reports. In MRI performed 1 year or more after primary ventricular hemorrhage, the primary bleeding site was demonstrated at the lateral wall of the lateral ventricle, in proton weighted and T2 weighted images. MRI can detect the site of old bleeding points and its chronological change if the study is repeated. In a follow-up period of 5.4 years, 27.8% of the cases had rebleeding one or more times. As a result, good outcome was noted in 72.2% after the 1st bleeding, and in 55.6% after re-bleedings. Death occurred in 5.6% of patients after the 1st bleeding and in 22.2% after further rebleeding. Rebleeding worsened the outcome. Therefore, prevention of rebleeding is important. From a therapeutic viewpoint, although a direct relation between rebleeding and untreated hypertension could not be established, blood pressure control is critical at both the acute and the chronic stages. Reconstructive vascular surgery is a recommendable method for properly selected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Swollen cortical neurons in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease contain a phosphorylated neurofilament epitope.

The distribution of swollen neurons and the presence of a phosphorylated neurofilament protein (NFP) epitope in these cells were studied in six cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Swollen neurons are widely distributed in the cerebral cortex and are most abundant in the cingulate and parahippocampal gyri. They are more numerous in the panencephalopathic type of CJD than in the subacute spongiform encephalopathic type. A phosphorylated epitope of NFP was detected in the perikarya of swollen neurons by an immunocytochemical method using a series of monoclonal antibodies that distinguish phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated epitopes of NFP. This abnormal distribution of phosphorylated NFP epitopes indicates that the process of NFP phosphorylation is altered in neurons affected by CJD. This investigation, in accordance with previous studies, suggests that the abnormal post-translational modification of the neurofilament may play an important role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

[Aspiration biopsy of regional lymph node in bladder cancer].

Percutaneous transabdominal fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of the pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph nodes was performed in 116 patients with bladder cancer. Metastasis to the regional lymph nodes was determined by this method in 21 patients. FNAB was positive in 10 of 12 patients having unequivocally positive or highly suspicious lymphogram, and in 11 of 104 patients (11%) having normal lymphogram. The results of FNAB were compared to the finding of lymph node dissection (LND) in 51 patients. FNAB and LND were negative in 43 patients and positive in 5. Two patients were FNAB negative but LND positive, and the remaining one case was FNAB positive but LND negative. The correlation between cytological diagnosis of FNAB and histological diagnosis of LND was 94 per cent. The survival rate of the cases of FNAB positive and lymphography negative was significantly higher than that of lymphography positive (p less than 0.01). The metastatic site of 5 cases with bladder cancer who are alive now without disease after more than 3 years was under the common iliac node and the number of the involved nodes was within 3.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[S-phase cells of human bladder tumors by in vivo bromodeoxyuridine labeling].

At the time of operation, 10 patients with bladder tumors were given an intravenous infusion of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU, 250 mg) to label the cells in the DNA synthesis phase (S-phase). The removed tumor specimens were stained immunohistologically using anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody. The percentage of BrdU-labeled cells (S-phase cells) were calculated for each specimen, and expressed as Labeling Index (LI). The average LI of G1, G2 and G3 tumors were 0.9%, 2.3% and 11.9%, respectively. LI was almost parallel to pathological grade. In cases of G2 tumor, LI was varied from 0.2 to 6.2%. The higher LI, the more invasive was the tumor. The patient with the highest LI (12.2%) showed lung metastasis postoperatively and died 6 months after operation. S-phase cells were scattered along the basal layer in G1 papillary tumors, and were observed also near the superficial layer in G2 tumors. In cases of non-papillary tumors, S-phase cells were observed irregularly in various layers. This method will give us useful information on evaluation for malignancy and cell kinetics of bladder tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Intravenous DSA as a screening method for cerebral aneurysms].

Intravenous DSA (IVDSA) was evaluated as a screening method for cerebral aneurysms. It was performed 390 times in 372 cases. Clinically useful images were obtained in 94.1% in all examinations. Nineteen aneurysms were visualized in cerebral angiography among 21 cases with SAH or 3rd nerve palsy, whereas in IVDSA 15 aneurysms were noted. Aneurysms not visualized in IVDSA were all 4 mm or less in size. Therefore, aneurysms, more than 4 mm in size, which have higher risks for rupture, were detectable in IVDSA. Based on these findings, IVDSA is considered to be clinically useful in screening for aneurysms. In all 372 cases, 33 aneurysms were suspected in IVDSA findings, whereas in cerebral angiography 21 of them turned to be aneurysms. Such 12 false positive cases were distributed mainly at anterior communicating and middle cerebral arteries. Improvement of image resolution, avoidance of vessel overlapping and proper selection of screened cases should be investigated for further development of this screening method.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed1990

[The diurnal variation of the intraocular pressure of vitrectomized eyes receiving instillation of silicone oil].

We examined diurnal variations of intraocular pressure (IOP) before and after scleral encircling, vitrectomy and silicone oil (S.O) tamponade in 7 patients (7 eyes) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and 8 patients (8 eyes) with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). They were all successfully operated and the IOP was lower than 24 mm Hg without medication. The contralateral, non-operated eye was used as the control. IOP was measured every 4 hours with Goldmann applanation tonometer or a pneumotonometer (Alcon) by the single examinee (S.H.). The amplitudes of the diurnal variation of the IOP with S.O. tamponade were smaller than those of the control eyes (p less than 0.05). Phakic eyes with silicon oil tamponade showed smaller amplitudes of IOP diurnal variation than those in aphakic eyes (p less than 0.05). The physiological significance is not clear yet, but these results suggest that the S.O. tamponade have some effect on the dynamics of the intraocular fluid in operated eyes (p less than 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Relationship between sugar chain structure and biological activity of recombinant human erythropoietin produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

Two forms of erythropoietin, EPO-bi and EPO-tetra, with different biological activities were isolated from the culture medium of a recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cell line, B8-300, into which the human erythropoietin gene had been introduced. EPO-bi, an unusual form, showed only one-seventh the in vivo activity and 3 times higher in vitro activity of the previously described recombinant human EPO (standard EPO). In contrast, EPO-tetra showed both in vivo and in vitro activities comparable to those of the standard EPO. EPO-bi, EPO-tetra, and the standard EPO had the same amino acid composition and immunoreactivity. However, structural analyses of their N-linked sugar chains revealed that EPO-bi contains the biantennary complex type as the major sugar chain, while EPO-tetra and the standard EPO contain the tetraantennary complex type as the major sugar chain. From examination of various preparations of recombinant human EPO, we found a positive correlation between the in vivo activity of EPO and the ratio of tetraantennary to biantennary oligosaccharides. These results suggest that higher branching of the N-linked sugar chains is essential for effective expression of in vivo biological activity of EPO.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Partial remission of pulmonary metastasis of malignant gonadal stromal tumor by salvage chemotherapy].

Fourteen malignant cases of gonadal stromal tumor were found among the cases reported in literature, but the roles of chemotherapy and radiotherapy have not been defined. We treated a malignant case and achieved 98.9 per-cent remission of lung metastases by salvage chemotherapy (cis-platinum + VP-16). A 34 year-old desk-worker, underwent left orchiectomy for testicular tumor on March 20, 1984. Histologic examination showed a malignant gonadal stromal tumor invading into the epididymis. Three course of adjuvant chemotherapy with cis-platinum, vinblastine, and peplomycin (PVP) were performed. However, chest X-ray films 13 months later revealed multiple lung metastases. Although 3 courses of combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP) were given, no remission was obtained. However following 4 courses of combination chemotherapy with cis-platinum and VP-16, 98.9 per-cent remission of lung metastases was achieved. Subsequent bilateral residual lung tumors were resected. However, lung metastases recurred 3 months later, and the patient died on February 29, 1988. The autopsy revealed extensive lung, liver and pancreas metastases, but no lymph node metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of malignant ovarian tumor complicated by pregnancy, from the standpoint of tumor marker and quality of life].

It has been reported that malignant ovarian tumor is complicated in a ratio of one to 25,000 pregnancies. In the present study, a 22-year-old, nulliparous woman was presented, who had had her right ovary extirpated for serous cystadenoma (low potential for malignancy) and had undergone chemotherapy previously. Seven years later, she was subjected to celiotomy in the fourth month of gestational age because of left ovarian tumor. Intraoperative work-up disclosed a mucinous cystadenoma (low potential for malignancy) of stage Ia (FIGO). Left salpingo-oophorectomy and omentectomy were undertaken, and fetus-bearing uterus was preserved for the sake of the patient. Serum CA 19-9, with a preoperative level of 106.7 U/ml, fell exponentially into the normal range one month after the operation, and she successfully gave birth to a baby at term. After that, combination chemotherapy was instituted against an elevated level of CA 19-9, and she has been in remission while caring for her child.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Production of monoclonal antibodies against human erythropoietin and their use in the purification of human urinary erythropoietin.

Several murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for human erythropoietin (HuEpo) were produced by hybridomas obtained from the fusion of murine myeloma cells, P3X63-Ag.8-653, with the splenocytes of mice immunized with recombinant human Epo (rHuEpo). Based on epitope analysis by a competitive binding assay, these MAbs could be classified into at least three groups: (1) 1E10, (2) 1H7, (3) 2D6, 3D6 and 3D8. In a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using these MAbs as the solid-phase antibodies, MAb-bound HuEpo was detected with rabbit anti-HuEpo sera. Some combinations of two different classes of MAbs, such as 1H7 and 3D8, were found to capture much more HuEpo than each MAb used individually. Urinary HuEpo (U-HuEpo) was highly purified from the urine of patients with severe aplastic anemia with about 50% final recovery using an immunoaffinity column on which a mixture of 1H7 and 3D8 was immobilized. The purified U-HuEpo had a specific activity of 77,340 U/mg in a radioimmunoassay (RIA) and of 76,673 U/mg using an in vivo bioassay.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1988

Comparative study of the asparagine-linked sugar chains of human erythropoietins purified from urine and the culture medium of recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells.

The asparagine-linked sugar chains of human erythropoietin produced by recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells and naturally occurring human urinary erythropoietin were liberated by hydrazinolysis and fractionated by paper electrophoresis, lectin affinity chromatography, and Bio-Gel P-4 column chromatography. Both erythropoietins had three asparagine-linked sugar chains in one molecule, all of which were acidic complex type. Structural analysis of them revealed that the sugar chains from both erythropoietins are quite similar except for sialyl linkage. All sugar chains of erythropoietin produced by recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells contain only the NeuAc alpha 2----3Gal linkage, while those of human urinary erythropoietin contain the NeuAc alpha 2----6Gal linkage together with the NeuAc alpha 2----3Gal linkage. The major sugar chains were of fucosylated tetraantennary complex type with and without N-acetyllactosamine repeating units in their outer chain moieties in common, and small amounts of 2,4- and 2,6-branched triantennary and biantennary sugar chains were detected. This paper proved, for the first time, that recombinant technique can produce glycoprotein hormone whose carbohydrate structures are common to the major sugar chains of the native one.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Identification of B-L antigens on reticular epithelial cells of the bursa of Fabricius.

We have established two monoclonal antibodies against B-L antigens (chicken Ia-like antigens). The specificity of the antibodies for B-L antigens was determined by two criteria, the cellular expression and the molecular structure of antigens with which they reacted. They reacted with antigens expressed on bursacytes, Con A-blast thymocytes, macrophages, and MDCC MSB1, but not with thymocytes and erythrocytes. In molecular basis, they recognized 64,000 dalton glycoprotein consisting of two polypeptides, 35,000 and 32,000 dalton, which bound non-covalently. To investigate the distribution of B-L antigens on non-lymphoid cells of the bursa of Fabricius, which were thought to play important roles in the differentiation of B cells, anti-B-L antigen and anti-chicken immunoglobulin (Ig) monoclonal antibodies were used. B-L antigen-positive cells were detected in both cortical and medullary areas, whereas Ig-positive lymphoid cells were confined to the medullary areas of normal chicken bursal follicles. In the bursal follicles of cyclophosphamide (CY)-treated chickens, lymphoid cells were depleted but epithelial cells remained intact. And B-L antigen-positive but Ig-negative cells were easily detected in the medullary areas of almost all follicles. These cells were identified to be reticular epithelial cells (REp cells) from the result of their keratin expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Acute epidural hematoma of the posterior fossa caused by forehead impact].

A rare case of acute epidural hematoma of the posterior fossa caused by forehead impact is reported. This 36-year-old man fell from a truck and hit his face. He was conscious and was brought to our center 30 minutes after the injury. On admission, a contused wound of the right forehead was noticed. He was restless and had severe pain in the neck and upper extremities. Skull X-ray showed a linear fracture of the frontal bone and computed tomography (CT) scan was normal. He continued to be restless and sudden respiratory arrest and pupillary dilation occurred 10 hours after the admission. A CT scan revealed a lenticular high density area in the left posterior fossa which extended to the supratentorial region. The 4th ventricle was compressed and displaced to the right and also the quadrigeminal and ambient cisterns were not visualized at all. Immediate surgery disclosed a 30 g epidural hematoma of the left posterior fossa and the supratentorium and the clot was completely evacuated. The source of bleeding could not be identified. Opening of the dura revealed contusion in the occipital lobe. He died on the 17th postoperative day. The possible mechanism in the production of the posterior fossa hematoma in this case is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Platinum concentrations in human tissue after administration of cisplatin].

Using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry, platinum concentrations in tissue samples were determined to clarify the distribution and accumulation of platinum in the human tissue after administration of cisplatin. Tissue samples were obtained at the time of autopsies or operation from 14 patients who were given cisplatin 0.7-20.1 mg/kg. Platinum concentrations were highest in the liver and testicle, high in the kidney, lung, heart and spleen, and lowest in the brain. In most organs except the brain, the tissue platinum concentrations increased exponentially according to the total dose of cisplatin. Platinum concentrations in metastatic tumors were generally somewhat lower than those in the normal parts of the organs, with the exception of cerebral metastasis. However, some of the metastatic tumors in the lung and brain showed higher concentrations than those in normal parts of the lung and brain, respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[MTX resistant mechanisms in human choriocarcinoma cells].

Choriocarcinoma cells grown in the presence of MTX have developed resistance in two ways. The HCCM derived sublines (relatively high MTX resistant) produced enhanced levels of DHFR and had relatively unimpaired transport of MTX, though altered transport was the primary determinant of response in the CC1 derived sublines (low MTX resistant). Since the selection procedure used was identical, it was assumed that altered MTX transport was insufficient to account entirely for various degrees of resistance. Increased DHFR activity was necessary for the development of high MTX resistance. The overproduction of DHFR was the consequence of amplification of the DHFR gene sequence. The incidence of DMs in metaphases paralleled the degree of resistance. Since DMs were also present in the cells not showing DHFR gene amplification, mechanisms other than DHFR gene multiplication were responsible for the de novo synthesis of DMs.

Cells, Cultured↗