Predictive factors in the non-surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome.
To identify which patients are likely to respond the medical management of carpal tunnel syndrome, 331 hands in 229 patients were evaluated. They were then treated with a wrist splint and anti-inflammatory medication. Follow-up averaged 15.4 months (minimum six months). Treatment was successful in 18.4%. Statistical evaluation identified five factors which were important in predicting response to treatment: age over 50 years, duration over ten months, constant paraesthesiae, stenosing flexor tenosynovitis, and a Phalen's test positive in less than 30 seconds. When none of these factors was present, two-thirds of patients were cured by medical therapy. 59.6% of patients with one factor, 83.3% with two factors, and 93.2% with three factors failed. No patient with four or five factors present was cured by medical management.