PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S J Urbanski

Publications and source records attributed to S J Urbanski.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Prognostic significance of proliferative activity of diffuse large cell lymphomas.

Diffuse large cell and immunoblastic lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors. They differ phenotypically and genotypically, and their clinical course varies in aggressiveness. This study evaluates the prognostic significance of proliferative activity and compares it with immunophenotype, genotype, and clinical data. Proliferative activity was measured by Ki-67 antibody. In 22 cases of diffuse large cell and immunoblastic lymphoma high proliferative activity (greater than 40%) was associated with longer disease-free survival (average 42 months). In contrast, the patients with lymphomas exhibiting low proliferative activity (less than 40%) died shortly after diagnosis (average 8 months). These differences are statistically significant and indicate a need for large-scale prospective studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The significance of pleural elastica invasion by lung carcinomas.

Invasion of visceral pleura by primary lung carcinomas is an important parameter in staging. The complex histology of visceral pleura requires special elastic stains for proper evaluation, yet only approximately 10% of peripheral lung carcinomas seen in consultation (S.J.U.) are thus assessed. The objective of this study was to examine the prognostic importance of microscopic visceral pleura invasion by lung carcinomas. Retrospective analysis of 23 cases of peripheral T2, N0, M0 carcinomas with microscopic pleural invasion on elastic stains and a matched control group documented a statistically significant (P = 0.0236) difference in survival between squamous cell carcinoma subgroups. This study therefore suggests the need for histologic assessment of peripheral lung carcinomas for invasion of internal pleural elastic lamina.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Pleural multicystic mesothelial proliferation. The so-called multicystic mesothelioma.

We report on the clinical and pathological features of a hitherto unrecognized multicystic and multifocal mesothelial lesion arising in the pleural cavity of a 37-year-old Caucasian woman. The lesions consisted of clusters of thin-walled cysts separated by connective tissue and lined by a single layer of flattened and cuboidal mesothelium. Mucin stains, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy were consistent with a mesothelial origin. The pathological features are identical to those of the previously reported multicystic mesotheliomas of the peritoneum. Although these multicystic peritoneal mesothelial lesions have been regarded as neoplasms, absent stromal extension, lack of mitotic activity, and (in this case) continuity with morphologically normal surrounding mesothelium are suggestive of a reactive process. The term "multicystic mesothelial proliferation" may therefore be more appropriate. Because these lesions may be detected as discrete pleural based masses on chest radiograph and CT scan, they may be submitted for frozen section during operative resection. It is therefore important to be aware of their existence, morphology, and differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Novel region within the V kappa gene promoter is responsible for tissue and stage-specific expression of immunoglobulin genes in human lymphoid neoplasms.

Immunoglobulin gene-specific transacting factors have been shown to play a role in lymphoid tissue-specific expression of immunoglobulin genes. The role of these factors in B-cell differentiation and stage-specific expression of these genes is, however, not fully understood. We have used a model of human lymphoid neoplasia to address this question. Different fragments of unrearranged human variable region of immunoglobulin kappa gene (V kappa) were used for cell-free in vitro transcription and DNA mobility shift assays. Previously described enhancement of in vitro transcription that was only seen with nuclear extracts derived from B-cell neoplasms corresponding to the late stages of B-cell differentiation was shown to be dependent on the actions of these factor(s) on the DNA region within the V kappa gene promoter. This region is located within the 920 bp fragment located 210 bp upstream from the coding region and this fragment represents a possible novel DNA region, which plays a role in the stage- and tissue-specific expression of immunoglobulin genes.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1989

Pigment resembling atmospheric dust in Peyer's patches.

Terminal ileal pigmentation was observed during colonoscopy, in surgically resected specimens, and autopsy cases. Microscopically, black pigment was seen within macrophages in the lamina propria and submucosa, closely related to the Peyer's patches. Three ilia from autopsies with no macroscopic pigmentation showed deposits following digestion and X-ray microanalysis. X-ray microanalysis of tissue sections and digestates revealed a heterogenous population of particles. Approximately one third of the particles contained calcium and phosphorus and were considered endogenous. The rest of the particles were predominantly aluminum and magnesium-rich silicates, which were considered exogenous. Analysis of particulate extracted from lungs and ilea of four autopsy cases demonstrated remarkable similarities in composition. These findings suggest that the ileal deposits are derived from atmospheric dust. This pigment is believed to migrate into the Peyer's patches through the M cells of the follicle associated epithelium, although other mechanisms for pigment deposition cannot be ruled out.

Dust↗
PubMed1988

Small colonic adenomas with adenocarcinoma. A retrospective analysis.

The purpose of this study is to alert colonoscopists to a relatively high incidence of small colonic adenomas with invasive adenocarcinoma among a group of colonic adenomas with invasive adenocarcinoma removed colonoscopically. Retrospective analysis (1973 to 1983) documented nine such lesions that were 1 cm or smaller, representing 15 percent of all colonic adenomas with invasive adenocarcinoma removed during that period. These lesions had no distinctive gross features and could be easily confused with hyperplastic polyps. It is recommended that all colonic polyps be removed at colonoscopy regardless of their size, because even lesions 1 cm and smaller, with "benign" gross appearance, may harbor invasive adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Human lymphoma differentiation concepts correlate with in vitro action of immunoglobulin gene-specific transcription factors.

Lymphoid tissue-specific expression of immunoglobulin genes is regulated (in part) by gene-specific trans-acting factors. Whereas different classes of human B cell lymphoid neoplasms produce immunoglobulins in amounts that correlate with the stages of normal B cell differentiation, the pattern of expression of putative regulatory trans-acting factors in human lymphoid neoplasia is unknown. Nuclear extracts made from human lymphoid neoplasms were screened for their ability to enhance transcription of the unrearranged Kappa light chain immunoglobulin gene (V Kappa) in a whole cell in vitro transcription assay. Extracts from plasmacytomas, large noncleaved cell lymphomas, and Burkitt's lymphomas specifically enhance V Kappa gene transcription up to 22-fold, whereas no enhancement was achieved using extracts from lymphoid neoplasms corresponding to the earlier stages of normal B cell maturation. We suggest that these findings mean that the production of immunoglobulins by human lymphoid neoplasms correlates with the expression of immunoglobulin gene specific trans-acting factors.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of a novel neuroglandular antigen (NGA) expressed on abnormal human melanocytes.

Murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced with reactivity to human malignant melanoma. Six MAbs, 3 of the IgGI (LS113, LS140, LS152) and 3 of the IgG2a (LS59, LS62, LS76) subclasses, were selected for their binding, with an identical pattern of reactivity, to a novel melanoma-associated antigen. As characterized by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), these MAbs were found to be positive on n-octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside extracts of all 10 melanoma cell lines tested and on extracts of 22 metastatic melanoma tumors. The antibodies had minimal reaction with a panel of 14 normal adult tissue extracts. A degree of cross-reactivity was observed with 50% of 39 non-melanoma tumor extracts. The results obtained with the ELISA on cell line and tissue extracts were duplicated using the ABC method of peroxidase staining. The pattern of cross-reactivity, as demonstrated by the intense staining of paraffin-embedded and frozen tissue sections of normal, benign and malignant tissues, defines the recognized protein as a neuroglandular antigen (NGA). Immunoadsorbents made with the antibodies were used to purify the antigen shed from cultured melanomas. All 6 MAbs recognized this purified antigen while 5 other antimelanoma antibodies did not react with it. On gel electrophoresis this antigen is a highly glycosylated glycoprotein with a protein core of 21 kDa.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Idiopathic small airways pathology in patients with graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

In a retrospective analysis (July 1979 to March 1984) of 120 allogeneic adult bone marrow transplant recipients, we identified seven patients with small-airway disease for whom no microbiologic agent was detected. Six had pulmonary function studies demonstrating air flow obstruction. Five of the seven patients had an open-lung biopsy showing pathologic changes within small airways; these varied from early bronchiolar wall damage to bronchiolitis obliterans. The inflammatory cell infiltrate was peribronchiolar, and consisted of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes in varying proportions. Three of the seven patients recovered following increased immunosuppressive therapy; the other four died. Because all seven patients had acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, in the absence of any identifiable pathogen, we postulate that small-airway damage represents one of the facets of graft-versus host-disease. An additional analysis of 26 patients with respiratory symptomatology and available histologic material supports the hypothesis that small-airway disease in bone marrow transplant patients represents a risk factor for the subsequent development of respiratory opportunistic infections.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1987

Small-airways disease in recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplants. An analysis of 11 cases and a review of the literature.

In a retrospective review of 116 consecutive allogeneic bone marrow transplants (BMT), severe obstructive airways disease was identified in 11 patients. Lung pathology demonstrated bronchiolitis in 9 patients and physiologic studies showed small-airways disease consistent with bronchiolitis in the other 2. None of the 5 patients with associated infection survived, while 3 of the 6 patients without an identified pathogen stabilized or improved. Analysis of the 11 cases presented and all 25 cases reported in the literature (1982 to 1985) supports the conclusion that graft-versus-host disease is a major risk factor for bronchiolitis in BMT recipients. Among the proposed mechanisms for the development of bronchiolitis after allogeneic BMT, the 2 most likely are graft-versus-host disease directly causing bronchiolitis, and increased immunosuppressive therapy given for graft-versus-host disease predisposing to viral bronchiolitis. The available evidence would suggest that it is prudent to obtain serial pulmonary function tests even in asymptomatic patients post-BMT, and particularly in those with chronic graft-versus-host disease, in the hope that early detection will allow for early intervention that will arrest or reverse the progression of the obstructive airways disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava presenting as Budd-Chiari syndrome.

A case of a 72-year-old male with a leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava causing Budd-Chiari syndrome is described. Percutaneous decompression of the portal system was attempted but with no success. At autopsy, a large tumor arising from and completely obstructing the inferior vena cava was found, histologically proven to be a leiomyosarcoma. Over 50 cases of leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava have been reported in the literature, the majority of which occurred in women and 1/3 of which were associated with the Budd-Chiari syndrome. Histologically up to two mitotic figures per 10 high power fields have been scored. This case indicates the unreliability of a low mitotic index as an indicator of benign behavior of smooth muscle neoplasms of the venous system.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Coexisting pancreatic and breast adenocarcinomas: is there an association?

Two patients are reported with coexisting adenocarcinomas of pancreas and breast. One represents synchronous neoplasms, the other metachronous tumors diagnosed 7 years apart. The significance of these findings is discussed, including possible carcinogenic dietary factors common to both neoplasms. The potential problems associated with the histologic diagnosis of such coexisting tumors are stressed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Mucosal changes associated with adenomatous colonic polyps.

In order to assess the presence of morphologically recognizable colonic nonneoplastic mucosal alterations that may be associated with adenomatous transformation the authors undertook a retrospective analysis of 984 colonic polyps removed between 1979 and 1983. There were 708 adenomatous and 276 nonadenomatous polyps, all colonoscopically removed. In addition to adenomatous mucosa, three different mucosal patterns were recognized and labeled as transitional, eosinophilic, and, hyperplastic. Each polyp, but not the polyp's shoulder, was scored by two pathologists for the presence of these changes. Analysis of the data (Pearson's chi-square test) demonstrated a strong association between eosinophilic and transitional mucosa as well as between eosinophilic mucosa and adenomas. There was also a strong negative association between both eosinophilic and transitional mucosa and hyperplastic mucosa. On the basis of these data, it is postulated that transitional mucosa, representing a nonspecific reactive mucosal phenomenon, may precede eosinophilic mucosa, which subsequently may represent fertile soil for adenomatous transformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Inguinal intranodal blue nevus: a case report.

Inguinal intranodal blue nevus is a rare lesion, but awareness of the condition will avoid a mistaken diagnosis of metastatic melanoma. The authors describe the case of a 40-year-old woman in whom an inguinal node blue nevus was discovered incidentally during radical vulvectomy for squamous cell carcinoma. They describe the characteristic light and electron microscopic features. With increased awareness of this lesion the authors believe it will be found in lymph-node chains other than the inguinal and axillary ones previously reported.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Papillary adenocarcinoma in situ of bladder.

To the best of our knowledge papillary adenocarcinoma in situ of the bladder has not been reported previously. We describe a case of transitional cell carcinoma in situ of the bladder associated with papillary adenocarcinoma in situ. While it is believed that most nonurachal adenocarcinomas of the bladder originate within cystitis glandularis, such transition is difficult to document. We assume that severe dysplasia of a papillary adenomatous component adjacent to papillary adenocarcinoma in situ represents an intermediate morphological change between cystitis glandularis and adenocarcinoma. Electron microscopic evaluation of glandular epithelium indicates that it represents the process of aberrant differentiation rather than a metaplastic phenomenon.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1985

Metamorphosis of dermal cylindroma: possible relation to malignant transformation. Case report of cutaneous cylindroma with direct intracranial invasion.

A case of locally invasive cutaneous cylindroma is reported. This neglected scalp tumor, 6.5 cm in greatest dimension, initially invaded the calvaria at the time of the first operation. A recurrence infiltrated the dura and presented as an intracranial space-occupying lesion. No brain invasion was present and distant metastases were not documented. The patient remains well 2 1/2 years after tumor resection. Light and electron microscopic appearance of the recurrent tumor revealed distinct morphologic features, which may be of use in predicting the biologic behavior of cutaneous cylindromas. This case documents the low biologic aggressiveness of cylindroma and stresses the necessity of complete surgical excision of neoplasms with atypical morphologic features.

Aged↗